Journal of Health Research in Community

1-10

Authors: Alireza Heidari , Mohammad Javad Kabir , Sajad Khodabandelu , Nahid Jafari , Zahra Khatirnamani * , Masoumeh Gholami

Introduction and purpose: Accidents are one of the main causes of death that impose a great socioeconomic burden on society. This study aimed to model and predict the trend of mortality due to accidents in Golestan province, Iran, from 2011 to 2020. Methods: The study was a secondary analysis based on the available data. The required information was obtained from the statistics unit of the Health Department of Golestan University of Medical Sciences (Gorgan, Iran) and was cleaned after being entered into the Microsoft Office Excel software (2016). Afterward, all the steps of analysis and fitting of the Lee-Carter model were performed using the Demography (version 18/1) and StMoMo packages in the R/3/62 software. Results: The death rate due to accidents in 2011 was 0.51 in the total population, 0.23 in women, and 0.78 in men per 1,000 population. It is predicted that in 2028, the age group of over 80 will reach 2.17 in the total population, 2.12 in men, and 1.77 in women (per 1,000 population). Both men and women over 50 years of age had the highest increase in deaths from accidents. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, the trend of deaths due to accidents in Golestan province is upward. Therefore, it is necessary to plan to reduce accidents, and in this regard, specific strategies should be formulated and implemented by explaining the role of all stakeholders.

25-38

Authors: Vahid Mirzaei Majarshin , Tahereh Ramezani , Farzaneh Saadat Talab , Vahideh Rezapour , Sepideh Harzand jadidi , Shahab Papi *

Introduction and purpose: Investigation and recognition of the factors affecting the quality of life are essential to start the behavior, and continuing the behavior can be a key factor in improving the living conditions of the elderly in Tabriz. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on a random sample of older adults living in the city and villages of Tabriz in 2021. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires of healthy lifestyle and cognitive impairment, psychological well-being, and depression from 422 old people. The collected information was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods in the SPSS software (version 22). The significance level of the tests was less than 0.05 in this study. Results: The results of the data analysis showed that the lifestyle of the rural elderly had a significant and positive relationship with cognition (P=0.001, r=0.29). On the other hand, there was a significant and negative relationship between lifestyle and depression (P=0.001, r=-0.24) and a significant and positive relationship with psychological well-being (P=0.001, r=0.71). Among urban older adults, there was no statistically significant association between lifestyle and cognition (P=0.077, r=0.12), in addition to lifestyle and depression (P=0.9, r=0.009). However, a health-promoting lifestyle showed a significant positive relationship with psychological well-being (P<0.001, r=0.37). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the significant influence of lifestyle on cognition and memory, psychological well-being, and depression indicates the need for appropriate measures to improve the lifestyle of older adults.

49-55

Authors: Elham Ghazanchaei , Mojgan Palizdar , Mohammad Varahram , Beheshteh Jebelli *

Introduction and purpose: Vaccine skepticism and refusal to vaccinate against infectious diseases have been recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the ten global health threats in 2019. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the knowledge and attitude of medical staff towards vaccination in order to advance immunization coverage. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward the Covid-19 Vaccination using a researcher-made questionnaire. In this research, 455 cases were selected via the convenience sampling method from among all the physicians and staff of Dr. Masih Deneshvari Hospital from February 2019 until the end of vaccination for four months. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22). Results: A total of 455 people participated in this study. The mean age of subjects was 36.2±8.99 years. Regarding gender, 50.6% of the participants were female. It was found that 44.8% of cases believed in vaccination, 28.6% of them considered Vaccination to be safe, and 29.9% of them considered Vaccination to be effective. The participants' knowledge of the benefits and side effects of the vaccine was reported as 24.2%. In examining the mean scores of the questionnaire questions, the highest score was related to recommending family members to get vaccinated (2.54±0.58), and the lowest score was related to the role of the media in deciding on Vaccination (1.80±0.72). Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, the treatment staff's attitude towards Vaccination was average, and they often did not have any attitude toward the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Furthermore, participants' knowledge about the benefits and side effects of the vaccine was reported to be weak, highlighting a need to increase the level of awareness among the treatment staff regarding the injection of Vaccination in emerging diseases.

68-77

Authors: Shahin Shahidi , Ramezan Hasanzadeh * , Bahram Mirzaian

Introduction and purpose: The impact of psoriasis is very high on the quality of patients’ life even when a very small area of the body is involved. Psoriasis patients have a lower quality of life than the general population. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on mental pain and life engagement in patients with psoriasis. Methods: This study was a semi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest design and a one-month follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients referred to skin and hair clinics in Boroujerd, Iran, in 2021, who received a definite diagnosis of psoriasis. Among these, 54 patients whose depression rate was higher than the cut-off point were selected through non-random sampling and were replaced in an experimental group (receiving ACT) and a simple random control group (18 in each group). Afterward, eight 90-min sessions of ACT were performed in the experimental group. Data were collected using mental pain (OMMP; Orbach et al., 2003) and life engagement (Hasanzadeh, 2014) questionnaires, as well as the Beck depression inventory (Beck, 1996). Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 22) and through repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: The results showed that ACT was effective on mental pain (P<0.01, F=31.53) and life engagement (P<0.01, F= 54.08) of patients with psoriasis, which continued until the follow-up stage. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ACT was effective in reducing mental pain and increasing life engagement in patients with psoriasis. It is suggested to use this treatment to reduce the psychological problems of patients with psoriasis.

89-95

Authors: Zari Sheykhoshagi , Zahra Imani Goghary , Sakineh Sabzevari *

Introduction and purpose: The health of food products is one of the indicators of community health, and health workers provide numerous services in this regard. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide education based on the current situation and existing educational needs. The present study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and educational needs of health workers in the field of food health, in the villages of Sirjan, Iran, in 2020. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 77 health workers in the villages of Sirjan in 2020 by census method. Two questionnaires were used to collect the required data, including a questionnaire to measure knowledge and attitude and a researcher-made questionnaire to assess educational needs. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 24 using descriptive statistics. Results: The mean age of the participants was 23.9±84.37 years. Most of the subjects (67.5%) were female, and 87% of them were married. The mean scores of knowledge and attitude were 7.33±1.03 and 28.23±5.33, respectively, which indicated the average level of knowledge and attitude of health workers in this field. The total mean score of educational needs was estimated at 134.33±3.42. The mean scores of subscales were obtained as follows: personal hygiene (19.29±3.18), kitchenware hygiene (18.75±3.42), building hygiene (45.70±8.99), and food hygiene (51.10±9.15). Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude of rural health workers of Sirjan in the field of food health were moderate and their educational needs were high. Therefore, it is essential to provide necessary training in the field of food hygiene to improve their knowledge and attitude and meet their educational needs.