Journal of Health Research in Community

13-21

Authors: Parvin Sepehr * , Nayera Naimi Ghasabiyan

Introduction and purpose: Lack of a safety culture in organizations is the main reason for the occurrence of accidents. This phenomenon is formed in an improper safety management system and an inappropriate safety culture. One of the ways to improve the culture of safety is education. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the promotion of safety culture and the impact of education on this culture. Methods: The present study was conducted on all employers working at Ekbatan Metal Industry to evaluate the safety culture using a questionnaire with the aim of promoting safety. The obtained data were analyzed in Excel and SPSS software (version. 19) through statistical tests. The training sessions were held and the safety culture was then evaluated after the intervention. Ultimately, a comparison was made between the scores of safety culture and its ten dimensions before and after the intervention. Results: The mean value of safety culture before the intervention was obtained at 287 and ten dimensions of the safety culture were investigated individually. The mean scores of safety culture obtained from the employers and workers were 290.67±26.17 and 283±47.25, respectively, before the intervention. However, the mean score of safety culture was 318±31.11 after the intervention. Conclusion: The results showed that education is one of the effective ways to promote safety culture. Education on safety can have a significant effect on the promotion of safety culture. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement educational programs based on the needs analysis. It is recommended to monitor these programs continuously and implement them in high-risk contexts.

32-40

Authors: Abdolreza Kazemi * , Khatereh Naderi pour

Introduction and purpose: Obesity is one of the most important causes of mortality in developing countries. Omentin-1 and chemerin, as cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, are associated with obesity. Chemerin is considered a bridge between obesity and the exacerbation of diabetes type II. On the other hand, omentin-1 plays a role in regulating energy metabolism and body fat distribution in the body. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 8-week aerobic training on the serum levels of chemerin and omentin-1 in overweight women. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 21 overweight women with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The study population was randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=11) and control (n=10). The training program consisted of moderate aerobic training, including 30 min of running within 50-70% of maximum heart rate that was controlled with a Polar watch. This intervention was performed 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected 48 h before the first session and 48 h after the last training session to measure the levels of serum omentin-1, chemerin, lipid profile, and insulin. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the differences between the groups. Results: The serum chemerin levels showed a significant reduction in the exercise group as compared to that in the control group (P=0.023). In addition, the serum levels of omentin-1 significantly increased in the exercise group, compared to that in the control group (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Aerobic exercises can improve the body composition and regulate the serum levels of insulin and glucose, thereby regulating the serum levels of chemerin and omentin-1 as adipokines. It seems that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training accompanied by the elevation of omentin-1 level and reduction of chemerin level and factors related to obesity have an important role in the improvement of cardiovascular health and metabolic disorders associated with obesity in overweight women.

54-62

Authors: Solale Ramzani * , Mirtaghi Mirmohammadi

Introduction and purpose: The most prevalent accidents and injuries occur in industries. Risk assessment and risk management are the basis for planning to provide solutions and control hazards. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify and assess the workplace hazards using the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) approach in a carpet manufacturing company located in Mazandaran. Methods: The current study utilized FMEA approach to evaluate the potential risk factors. Some units of carpet manufacturing company including 8 different workstations were assessed with 60 employees. Furthermore, failure modes and effects, as well as the causes of the failure of each component, were evaluated in this study. Subsequently, the Risk Priority Number of each workstation was separately calculated and the crisis level of each risk was prioritized. Results: According to the results of the study, out of 55 risk factors identified in 8 different workstations at the factory, 18.2 %, 67.3%, and 14.5% of these risk factors were within acceptable, unacceptable, and emergency level, respectively. Moreover, the units, including painting, dipping, extrusion, and assembly obtained the highest risk frequency in terms of explosion and electric shock. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, workers are highly susceptible to occupational accidents and injuries due to the presence of high risks factors in the above-mentioned unit. Although FMEA approach is applicable to identify the potential failures in work-related accidents, it is recommended using Preliminary Risk Assessment Method in order to conduct a more exact and comprehensive assessment.

73-83

Authors: Giti Rahimi , Shahram; Habibzadeh , Afshin Fathi, Shima Ghasemzadeh , Samira Shahbazzadegan *

Introduction and purpose: Maternal death during pregnancy or delivery and 42 days after the termination of pregnancy for any reason other than an accident is called maternal mortality. Maternal mortality due to the complications of pregnancy and childbirth is a sensitive indicator of women status in society, access to care, efficiency and quality of healthcare, capacity of the service system to meet the needs of women and demonstrates the economic and social conditions of each society. In addition, mortality due to pregnancy and delivery complications is one of the most important indicators that shows the condition of developing countries. In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate the causes of maternal mortality and related risk factors in pregnant women in Ardebil, Iran, from 2006 to 2016. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, registered information were extracted regarding the mortality of pregnant women, including demographic characteristics, indicators related to pregnancy, childbirth, and causes of death from 2006 to 2016 from the Family Health Unit of Provincial Health Deputy. Finally, the collected data were analyzed. Results: According to the obtained results, there were 39 cases of maternal mortality from 2006 to 2016. However; there was no maternal mortality in 2008 and 2015. The mean age of dead mothers was 30±1.8 years (age range: 15-44 years). Considering the mortality stage, 10 patients died during pregnancy (25.6%), one patient died during labor (2.5%), 12 patients died 24 h after delivery (30.7%), and 16 patients died after 24 h. On the other hand, 11 (28.2%) mothers had normal vaginal birth (NVD) and 28 cases (71.8%) had a cesarean section. Moreover, 31 women (79.48%) were at risk. There was a positive relationship between the type of delivery (cesarean section or NVD), parity (the first and second pregnancy), and risk factors during pregnancy with maternal mortality. Hemorrhage was the most common cause of maternal mortality. It is worth mentioning that there was no significant relationship between the causes of maternal mortality. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, there was a significant relationship between the number of pregnancies and type of delivery with maternal mortality. Moreover, hemorrhage was the most common cause of maternal mortality. Regarding the high levels of cesarean section effects on maternal mortality, it is recommended to carry out vaginal delivery. In this regard, it is necessary to take measures to conduct vaginal delivery without pain to reduce cesarean section rates. In addition, due to the high mortality rate in middle-aged mothers with a high number of pregnancies, it is suggested to use contraceptive methods, such as oral contraceptives, condoms, and birth control.