CONTEMPORARY ECONOMY JOURNAL

6-14

Authors: Nicolae GRĂDINARU

Disciplinary misconduct is an act related to work and consists of an act or inaction committed with guilt by the employee, in which he violated the legal rules, the internal regulations, the individual employment contract or the applicable collective bargaining agreement, orders and provisions of hierarchical leaders. Work discipline is an objective, necessary and indispensable condition for the activity of each employer. The need to observe a certain order, of some rules that coordinate the conduct of individuals, in order to achieve the common goal, is imposed by the force of evidence, reasoning valid for any human activity carried out in the collective. Based on this principle, work discipline objectively means a system of norms that regulate the behavior of employees in the development of the collective work process. From the subjective point of view, of the employee, the work discipline constitutes a legal obligation of synthesis, which includes and summarizes the totality of the obligations assumed by concluding the individual employment contract.

21-24

Authors: Isabela STANCEA

The field of occupational safety and health is regulated by the Occupational Safety and Health Law no. 319/2006 and the Methodological Norms for the application of the provisions of this law, approved by the Government Decision no. 1425/2006, with subsequent amendments and completions. Improving the legal framework in the field of occupational safety and health is an important objective of the competent authorities with responsibilities in this field. Interinstitutional consultations have identified the need for changes in the legal framework in the field of occupational safety and health, both as a result of changes in the labor market and in the situations identified in the implementation process.

43-48

Authors: Mădălina ALBU

Competitive advantage can be defined as the achievement, by an organization, of superior products or services from a significant point of view for consumers, compared to the offers of similar items by competitors. The effective acquisition of the competitive advantage can be manifested by the renewal of the product, technology, equipment, management, marketing, financing, personnel, information, etc. The innovation strategy implemented in the respective business is based on the innovation method, through which the competitive advantage is achieved. The inclusion of innovative strategies in the development strategy of a company aims to improve the sustainability of production through new processes and technologies, while incorporating customer requirements. After analyzing the main types of strategies that can be applied by a company depending on its economic situation, the choice and implementation of those strategies that best correspond to the internal and external conditions in constant change must be the major concern of senior management. The theoretical aspects based on the literature are concretized in the case study approached in this paper.

61-65

Authors: Alexandra IOSIFESCU, Vlad Nicolae GOVOR, Monica COJOCARU

The interest shown today for the degree of motivation of employees is in the attention of present psychology, where we are witnessing the phenomenon of the growing of the organizational culture, conflict mediation and negotiation policies, in order to achieve performance. Motivation, as a central process, appears with double meaning: cause and effect. It is the cause of the manifestation of the behavior and the effect of the appearance of the excitatory agent (need, expectation, purpose, effort, result). Indeed, the global context created by the pandemic influences the variations in the employee’s motivation, usually demotivating the activities carried out on a daily basis. Thus, we believe that employee’s motivation is a trigger for the entity's performance. Starting from this premise, in this article we asked ourselves the central question: to what extent does the motivation of human resources influence the performance of the institution? In order to find out the answer, we undertook a qualitative research based on an interview on a selection chosen from the staff of the Border Police of the country.

77-84

Authors: Leliana DIANA (BOLCU)

The Covid-19 pandemic at the macroeconomic level severely disrupted the classic world trade and the most obvious consequence of these events was the massive expansion of e-commerce. The aim of the paper is to highlight the need to apply at national level new solutions and procedures to combat tax evasion and fraud that may occur in the field of online commerce, having as a point of reference the advantages of the three declarations (VIU-DO, VIN-DO and VII-DO), used by Poland in combating e-commerce tax evasion. Currently, the One Stop Shop computer system has been introduced at European level, starting with July 1, 2021, to combat tax evasion in the area of ​​electronic commerce. E-commerce is supported by the European Union so that economic operators can sell and buy on the internet as if they were buying from a local market, with Member States taking responsibility for collecting VAT and customs duties following e-commerce. In order to combat evasion in the area of ​​online commerce, Romania could apply similar solutions to Poland, which has implemented declarations for each type of registration (EU OSS, non-EU OSS and Import OSS). We will present these solutions and follow the conditions under which they could be adopted, the advantages and consequences of their application.

91-96

Authors: Cosmin Sandu BĂDELE, Lucian IVAN

The business environment is based on a complex structure of internal and external processes through which all the activities used to generate services or products are integrated. Knowledge, analysis and management of useful information of these processes is a prerequisite for the development of any organization. In order to increase the performance indicators of an organization, it is necessary to apply the techniques of analysis, modeling, control and continuous optimization of internal processes. In an economic unit, internal processes, whether or not they involve a human operator, refer to the controlled movement of information in order to facilitate decision-making or to deliver goods or services to internal or external customers. Information analysis and business process information analysis techniques include identifying, decomposing, and modeling process flow, resulting in one or more process and subprocess diagrams down to activity and task level.

109-115

Authors: Maria-Elena GHEORDUNESCU

An insurance policy is an essential aspect of modern life. Without an insurance policy, many elements of today's society and economy could not function.One of the most important insurances on the Romanian market is the compulsory car liability insurance, also called RCA(MTPL). It is an insurance through which third parties injured as a result of a car accident receive compensation for material damage and / or death or personal injury suffered in an accident. This paper aims to study what trends are on the Romanian MTPL car market and what changes this type of insurance has registered.Based on both the quantitative and the qualitative methods, the present paper is an exploratory research, aiming to highlight relevant information in the field.Car liability insurance remains a very important insurance policy on the Romanian insurance market.

121-125

Authors: Cristina-Roxana CĂLINOIU (IONESCU), Ioana-Daniela ANA (TOMA)

Analyzing the Romanian pre-university education system, from the perspective of human resources management, we can observe its impact on the performance of teachers and institutions. It is imperative that in pre-university education institutions we reimagine our education and adapt to the latest challenges and changes, delivering a quality education, in order to prevent a learning crisis with long-term effects. Therefore, an analysis of the impact of human resources management policy on teacher motivation and performance, the prospect of improving efficiency and educational equity in schools, is needed. This paper addresses elements of human resources management and quality management, being a document that analyzes the current and future situation of Romanian pre-university education. The objective of this article is to capitalize on the need to consider the relationship between teacher motivation and the results of the instructional-educational process. The authors offer arguments, opinions, explanations regarding the importance of teacher motivation as the main premise in increasing the quality of Romanian pre-university education.

132-138

Authors: Cristina DOLGHI

In this study, the author aims to show the role of accounting in the management of the contemporary entity, which develops the business in competitive economy by constantly modernizing and implementing new policies and technologies, and last but not least improving the expected results. At the same time, the author aims to mention the need for a revolutionary change in the accounting system, as a tool that allows the communication of economic information and a common economic language for business, which is the basis of daily management decisions and directly or indirectly influences these decisions information provided. So, it is these landmarks that signify the need to transform the accounting profession into the current economic reality, because non-compliance, irrelevance of economic information can generate non-performing managerial decisions. Solving these paradigms is the current concern of the accounting profession both nationally and globally.

151-160

Authors: Victoria GANEA, Valentina TÎRȘU, Lilia SAVA

The article approaches new issues about the transition to sustainable development from the perspective of sustainable public procurement. Achieving sustainable development is one of the most urgent issues confronting all of the countries around the world. The goal is to ensure economic revival and, at the same time, to protect existing resources and the environment, taking account of the interests of future generations. Sustainable development also includes the stability of the main socio-economic and environmental indicators of economic system. At the same time, the sustainability of economic growth also presumes a set of conditions, factors and regulatory measures which provide the stability of final indicators due to economic balance. In this context, the authors point out on the fact that one of the most effective mechanisms for implementing sustainable development postulates at state level is through sustainable public procurement. Being the largest buyer on the market, the state is able to influence producers and consumers through public procurement and promote sustainable production and consumption. The practical implementation of sustainable procurement promotes the stimulation of green production, resources recycling, stimulation of the activity of small enterprises and the creation of new jobs. Thus, public procurement truly contributes to sustainable development.

171-193

Authors: Anthony Olugbenga ADARAMOLA, Peter Akinyemi KAYODE

Monetary policy variables are theoretically expected to exert significant positive or negative effect on performance of the capital market. Most empirical studies on the relationship between monetary policy and stock prices in Nigeria have not taken cognizance of the fact that the relationship can be sector-sensitive. This study was conducted to examine effect of monetary policy on stock prices of listed firms in Nigeria from a two-sector comparative perspective: banks and manufacturing. Specifically, the study examined effects of seven selected monetary variables on stock prices of 15 banks and 15 manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange between Q1 of 2006 and Q4 of 2019. We employed panel dynamic ordinary least squares and panel causality models to analyze average quarterly stock price (STP) and monetary policy variables. We found that for banks, broad money supply (M2), monetary policy rate (MPR), exchange rate (EXCH) and interest on savings (SDR) significantly affect stock price negatively (p =0.0147; p =0.0000; p = 0.0110 and p = 0.0003 for the variables respectively). We also found that Treasury bill rate (TBR) significantly affects stock price positively (p = 0.0000) while cash reserve ratio (CRR) and lending rate (LDR) have insignificant effect on stock prices of banks. For manufacturing firms, MPR negatively and significantly affected stock prices (p=0.0110) but M2, Treasury bill rate, EXCH, LDR, CRR and SDR have insignificant effect on stock prices. All monetary policy variables except broad money supply have causal relationship with stock prices of banks but only exchange rate has causal relationship with with STP for manufacturing firms. We concluded that monetary policy significantly affects stock prices of Nigerian banks and manufacturing firms.. However, the effect is more pronounced in the banking industry than in manufacturing firms. It was also concluded that the effect of monetary policy on stock prices of banks is markedly different from that of manufacturing firms. The study recommended a disaggregated, sector sensitive monetary policy, a monetary policy re-appraisal and a reduction in monetary policy lags.