CONTEMPORARY ECONOMY JOURNAL

14-21

Authors: Florin-Constantin DIMA

The development of this article started from the need to suitably determine the result of the exercise of the economic entities in our country. The result of the exercise is one of the most important indicators when analyzing an entity that carries out economic activities. In our country, taxation prevails over accounting and, for this reason, it is very important to be able to make a correct interpretation of the result of the activity. In the following we will follow the way in which the expenses and incomes are grouped from the fiscal point of view and how they are taken into account when determining the fiscal result. We will also analyze, in addition to expenses and income, the other elements taken into account in determining the tax result such as: items similar to income, items similar to expenses, tax deductions, and tax loss. For a more complete analysis, we will also treat the deductions from the profit tax due.

32-38

Authors: Olga TIMOFEI

From the perspective of increasing the world's population, the pressures on the environment and most natural resources that serve as raw materials (fuels, minerals and metals), food, sun, water and biomass are increasing. Given that natural resources are indispensable for the functioning of the economy and contribute significantly to the quality of our lives, it would be appropriate to reduce our consumption of materials from the design stage of products. In this context, the circular economy, which aims in particular at a goal of zero waste and the rehabilitation of all problems, is a solution. The development of this type of economy is already a clear political will in several countries. It is also possible to make the least use of non-renewable resources by opting for the use of renewable resources, depending on their renewal rate and the disposal of waste through recycling, repair and reuse. In this paper we aim to present the limits of the linear economy and the concept of circular economy, in the context of the situation of the circular economy in the world.

56-60

Authors: Isabela STANCEA

The decentralization regime is based on the legal recognition of local authorities organized in administrative units at the territorial level. These communities are provided with their own material and financial means that they can use to solve local problems. Decentralization appears to be the opposite of centralization, a regime in which local problems are solved by authorities freely chosen by the electorate. The status of local authorities derives from the law. They cannot make changes, but must be subject to any changes made by the state. The component collectivities are not associated with the exercise of central power, they have autonomy only of an administrative nature. The state controls the legality of the actions of local authorities and not their membership.

67-76

Authors: Georgiana - Janina SOARE

Implementation and development of the relationship internal managerial control - internal audit is not only a legislative issue, but rather a problem of changing the mentality that aims over time and change the organizational culture. For these reasons, the implementation and development of the internal managerial control system in correlation with the internal audit has produced and will produce a series of fundamental changes in the organization and functioning of public interest entities, which contribute to: increasing managerial responsibilities; understanding the philosophy of risk management; inherent risk management and awareness of the introduction of specific internal management control techniques and tools.

83-91

Authors: Victoria IORDACHI, Pavel CALPAJIU

The economic security of the state is constantly affected by the phenomenon of the unobserved economy. The international community has developed international conventions and standards to combat the unobserved economy and the movement of illicit financial flows. However, insufficient law enforcement, inadequate compliance and high-risk countries can both have detrimental consequences, affecting the effectiveness of the whole prevention framework. The public institutions involved in reducing this phenomenon correlate its decisions with the economic-financial information accumulated, stored and managed in accordance with its statutory purposes. This requires the authorities to assess the role of the quality of information managed in its decision-making process. The purpose of the article is to identify the role of information quality accumulated by public institutions in the process of reducing the unobserved economy in the Republic of Moldova. As a result of the research, some gaps were found in the process of organizing the information management activity and some recommendations were developed.

99-107

Authors: Andra MODREANU

Social entrepreneurship may lead to sustainable economic growth through establishing the wellbeing of the society. Derived from the traditional entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship is described as a responsible way of doing business. The concept involves the use of all available resources, capitalized in an economic entity with the aim of facilitating the production of a beneficial change in the society by solving pressuring social problems. Thus, social entrepreneurship marks the transition from the fundamental goal of increasing profits to that of community welfare and sustainable development of the economy. The paper aims to present a conceptual framework that can be used to define social entrepreneurship. The research methodology was based on the collection and analysis of secondary data, respectively scientific articles, and relevant books for the subject. The results of the study show that the interest for the social entrepreneurship concept has increased significantly in the past decades among researchers. Also, they outline the idea of ​​what social entrepreneurship is and how it is implemented.

116-121

Authors: Loredana Maria PĂUNESCU

Considering that the proposed model is based on the knowledge of external stimuli, which can be key factors in the design of a message and which can thus influence the consumers' decision regarding the choice of a product, determining the sociological variables that can contribute to the modification in favorable sense of the buying behavior of consumers was conducted an exploratory research at the level of consumers of consumer products in Prahova County.

133-137

Authors: Nicoleta PAVEL

IFRS 16 “Leases” is the result of the joint effort of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) by the US National Standards Standardizer, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), to improve financial reporting on leasing activities. The two accounting standards normators found that the reported information on operating leases was not transparent and the existence of different accounting models for operational and financial leases reduced comparability for users of financial statements. In addition, the different accounting of financial leasing from operational leasing ‘provides opportunities to structure transactions to obtain a certain accounting result’ (Basis for conclusions in IFRS 16, BC 3). In these circumstances, IAS 17 ‘Leasing’ has been replaced by IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ and applies from financial year 2019. IFRS 16 “Leases” makes significant changes to the accounting for the lessee's leases and the information to be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. To facilitate its understanding and application, IFRS 16 “Leases” is accompanied by application guidance and illustrative examples. The Ministry of Finance also created the legal framework for the uniform application of the standard by introducing specific accounting accounts in the General Accounts Plan annex to the Accounting Regulations în accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, approved by Order of the Minister of Public Finance no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments and completions. Leasing accounting has been and remains a sensitive area in which professional accountants must exercise their professional judgment in order to assure users of information that the presentation of the items in the Statement of Financial Position / Balance Sheet and the profit and loss account has been made taking into account the fund economic nature of the transaction or commitment in question and not only the legal form of the lease. In the following, we intend to highlight how the application of the provisions of IFRS 16 “Leases” affects the Statement of Financial Position and the profit and loss account for entities that have the quality of lessee in a leasing contract.

146-152

Authors: Elena TEODORESCU (MĂNESCU)

The study on the perception of quality at the level of pre-university lower secondary education institutions highlights the importance of establishing the essential elements in improving quality management in school organizations. The quantitative research was conducted on a sample of 100 teachers from secondary school units, both in rural and urban areas, in Dâmbovița County. The research combined both the face-to-face interview technique and the internet survey, using the questionnaire as a research tool. The obtained results highlight the aspects related to the present initiatives and the acquisitions previously acquired by the school organizations in the field of quality management, to obtain performance, through the vision of the teaching staff.

166-178

Authors: Laura-Filofteia PĂNOIU, Sorin Daniel MANOLE

Countries’ economic growth cannot be achieved without investment. A country can make investment in accordance with the level of public financial resources and also with the prioritization of social needs which means that, during certain periods of time, there are not enough funds, and other resources are resorted to. Thus, foreign direct investment is a way of generating development as it is an important feature of the world economy as a result of globalization. In the current pandemic context which has affected all sectors ranging from education to agriculture, from health to industry, from culture to services, it was certain that the level of foreign direct investment would also be affected. The current study, which is based on the critical analysis of specialist literature and reports of specialist institutions, aims at identifying the impact of the health crisis on foreign direct investment both worldwide and in Romania.