Journal of Advances in Nanomaterials

Number 4, 2018

12
Selective Cytotoxicity of Counterion-Conjugated Charged Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Study with Lymphoblastoid Raji Cells

Authors: Goutam Ghosh, Archana Mukherjee, Hari Narayan Bhilwade, Alka Gupta, Aruna Korde, Rita Mukhopadhyaya

Abstract

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The cytotoxicity of counterions-conjugated charged iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) was studied with lymphoblastoid Raji cells and was compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes. IONPs were coated either with tri-potassium citrate (TKC), or with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). TKC coated IONPs were negatively charged and K+ counterions conjugated nanoparticles, and CPC coated IONPs were positively charged Cl- counterions conjugated nanoparticles. The cells were incubated with IONPs at 37 °C for 24 h and the cytotoxicity was studied by measuring the cell viability using MTT and LDH assays. The cytotoxicity of IONPs was further assessed through DNA fragmentation assay. Morphology of Raji cells was also observed by TEM. We have used a modified membrane lysis model to understand the cell death via cell membrane lysis due to counterions diffusion upon binding of IONPs.

15
Fabrication of Porous Structure of Electro-spun PVDF Fibres

Authors: Tao Zhang

Abstract

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Nano and porous materials with large surface area, high porosity, high surface reactivity, and strong adsorption properties have great application potential in energy and chemical industry, biological medicine, environmental science, defence engineering and numerous additional fields. Electrospinning is a convenient, direct and economical method of production of nano fibre materials. Porous fibre can be created by adjusting the process parameter of electrospinning or post processing after spinning. The introduction of porous structure into materials increases its surface area considerably and simultaneously enhances other properties. This indicates great potential for development in many fields and improves upon porous material application value. This project uses electrospinning to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibre and, post process, for PVDF porous fibre, utilising a combination of SEM, XRD and other tests to characterise properties. The effect and regularity of solution properties and processing parameters on prepared samples were studied along with experimental results and theoretical basis for preparation of electrospun PVDF fibres and fibres with porous structure. The main conclusions of this article are as follows: 1) Solvent concentration has a great influence on fibre morphology, enhancing PVDF concentration and resulting in increased regularity of fibre; meanwhile, fibre diameter will increase in correlation with the increase of concentration. 2) With the increase of acetone in DMF or NPM/acetone system, fibre morphology improves. 3) Assist solvent influences fibre morphology and samples created by DMF are superior to those created by NMP. There are fewer beads and fibres appear more regular. 4) Post processing parameter influences formation of pores, such as processing solvent, time, etc.