Health Risk Analysis

4-18

Authors: Zaitseva N.V., May I.V., Shur P.Z., Kiryanov D.A.

The article describes a fundamental algorithm and methods for health risk assessment of consumer products. The methodology is based on the classical risk assessment scheme, which includes the steps of hazard identification, exposure assessment, establishment of dependency “exposure-response”, and risk characterization. The key feature of the developed approaches is the use of risk evolution mathematical modeling, based on the adaptation to the risk assessment problems of the paired dependency “factor (exposure) – response” obtained in epidemiological studies of various levels. Evolutionary model of violations in the organs and systems of the body when consuming production is a mathematical description of the process of changing the consumers’ health status, under the action of complex hazards inherent in products for a long time against the background of natural aging. The approaches to the overall risk assessment generated by production heterogeneous factors are proposed. The techniques for risk structuring have been described. The scale for assessing risk, harmonized with internationally recognized counterparts, is proposed. The methodology is developed for the tasks of the Customs Union, is universal and can be used for a wide range of tasks. The methodology was tested in the justification of the food safety and risk assessment criteria, formed for durable production such as furniture, building and finishing materials.

26-33

Authors: Kukushkin Yu., Vorona A., Bogomolov A., Chistov S.

The study describes the complete physical examination of the stuff occupied in chemical weapons destruction facilities. It was detected, that the staff, working with the first class of hazard, has adverse changes in the psychophysiological state. This is manifested in the stress of the vascular control system, reduced reserve capacity of cardiovascular system and tolerability of stress testing, characteristics degradation of sensorimotor status. Such a high risk to health requires the implementation of personalized approach to the correction of psychophysiological status. We have proposed a method of determination of the indications for correction of psychophysiological status in representatives after working shifts.

44-50

Authors: Tyurin E.A., Chekan L.V., Marinin L.I., Dyatlov I.A.

In this article the authors have analyzed possible accidental situations during the work with microorganisms, what confirms some degree of risk during the work with pathogenic bio agents of I-II groups. High professional standard of microbiological laboratories staff, information about potential sources and reasons of invasion can minimize occupational risk for the staff during their professional activity, connected with researching of infectious agents’ characteristics.

56-60

Authors: Volkova A.T., Tselousova O.S., Potapova I.A.

Cytogenetic monitoring of the environmental impact on human health was performed through the study of cytogenetic buccal epithelial cells among residents of the northern and southern parts of the city of Ufa and the rural population of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Residents of the southern and northern parts of the city of Ufa are a group of moderate and high cytogenetic damage risk (Iac 3.39 and 4.10 respectively). Villagers were included in a group of low cytogenetic damage risk (Iac 1.68). In the residents of Ufa cytogenetic damage accumulation index is about 2-2.44 times higher than in the rural population, which is probably due to the effects of urban environment genotoxic factors.

71-76

Authors: Dolgikh O.V., Kryvtsov A.V., Gorshkova K.G., Lanin D.V., Bubnova O.A., Dianova D.G., Lykhina T.S., Vdovina N.A.

The evaluation of immunological and genetic markers in potash production workers has been performed. It was shown that under the combined impact of harmful factors (sylvite dust, noise) increased production of immune cytokine regulation markers was observed: tumor necrosis factor (TNFalfa) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as a modified coding polymorphism of gene regions in the form of increased prevalence of variant alleles at the expense of minor homozygous (VEGF) and heterozygous (TNFalfa) genotypes. Detoxification genes’ polymorphism CYP1A1, CPOX characterizes the specific differences with the comparison group. Genes TNFalfa, VEGF, CYP1A1, CPOX are recommended as markers for susceptibility testing, and their encoded cytokines (tumor necrosis factor and vascular endothelial growth factor) as markers of effect in assessing health risk in potash production workers.