European Journal of Academic Essays

1-8

Authors: Faweya E.B

The natural radioactivity levels in sediment and water samples of gold pits in Itagunmodi Ilesha have been determined. The activity concentrations obtained for series 226Ra, 232Th and non-series 40K are measured in the unit of Bq kg-1 . The overall average concentrations of radionuclides were 28.9, 53.3 and 532.6 Bq kg-1 respectively in sediment samples; while the overall average of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in water samples were 6.0, 8.9, and 103.6 Bq l-1 respectively. The results obtained were compared with others radioactivity measurement in different countries sediments and water. The estimated radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the absorbed dose (Dr), external hazard index, the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) in both sediments and water samples fall within acceptable limit. Assessment of anthropogenic pollution in sediments gives concentrations that are within acceptable safety limit. A study of elemental concentration ratios of Th/U, K/U and K/Th revealed that depletion and enrichment process of these radionuclides in sediment and water samples in the area are almost the same. Keywords: Sediment; water; radioactivity; gold; elemental ratio; Itagunmodi Ilesha.

17-22

Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Hassanien , Saad-El-Din Abd-El-Fattah Abou-El-Noeman , Ehab Aboueladab

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by morphological features indistinguishable from alcoholic hepatitis in individuals who do not consume excess alcohol. NASH can progress to cirrhosis, and liver failure is now the second leading cause of death in these patients. Although the prevalence of NASH appears to be increasing, the etiopathogenesis remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms involved in developing NASH through biochemical and laboratory parameters in Egyptian patients. This study was conducted on twenty five patients with NASH and twenty normal subjects of matched age and sex as control. All the patients were evaluated for several biochemical parameters through liver function tests, lipid profile, fasting and postprandial blood glucose, malondialdhyde, glutathione peroxidase activity, advanced glycated end products, and serum leptin. Data obtained from these tests were statistically evaluated. Obesity, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus were prevalent among patients with NASH. There was significant increase in malondialdhyde and glutathione peroxidase activity in NASH patients. In addition, there were significant increases in leptin and basic fibroblast growth factor in NASH patients compared to control. Despite examining in different demography, we reestablished obesity, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia as the important risk factors for NASH. We also found that enhanced oxidative stress was responsible for the second hits to liver in our patients, leading to NASH apart from simple steatosis. We reaffirmed the role of leptin in the pathogenesis of NASH.

29-35

Authors: Mr. Kapil S. Raviya,Dr. Ashish M. Kothari,Dr. Dwivedi Ved Vyas

the stereo matching algorithms for binocular vision are very popular and widely used. Still, the algorithms may have lower matching quality or higher time complexity. Matching can be viewed as a process of finding the degree of correlation between two groups of data. This area belongs to the one of the most explored topics in stereo vision. The depth value can be found by the disparity estimation by taking advantage of the similarity in these two views, which can be captured at the same time in a depth generation algorithm. It is not easy to find the accurate depth value if there is high similarity in color spaces around the area. Stereo matching is a fundamental problem in computer vision that estimates depth of a 3D scene with a pair of images. This paper presents the fundamental steps for finding depth extraction and related terms.

42-50

Authors: Ige Akindele, M, Fasakin, M.O

The case of education in Nigeria can be likened to a seed that falls among thorns on the soil, such that when it germinates and continues to grow, the growth is abnormal to the extent that it cannot bear good fruits. Since the advent of western education in Nigeria in 1842, all has not been well with it. It has been facing many crises which have not been allowing it to develop. In this paper, the constraints to education development in Nigeria such as: inadequate access to schools, inadequate funding, inadequate and decay infrastructural facilities, inadequate, low quality and non commitment of teachers, poor academic performance of pupils and students, inappropriate curriculum, corruption, among others were examined. To reposition and move the education forward, government, educational institutions’ administrators, students, parents, and other stakeholders in education have roles to play. In particular, government needs to allocate more fund to education sector, recruit qualified teachers to curb the present shortage in schools, improve teachers’ welfare, train and retrain teachers so that they can cope with new challenges, provide adequate infrastructural facilities in schools, curb corruption as well as examination malpractices.