International Journal of Chemical Research

66-70

Authors: MISHRA K.K., MAYA SHUKLA

The reaction between mercaptosuccinic acid (TMA) and methylene blue (MB) was investigated in acidic medium using Cu (II) as catalyst. Two moles of substrate are oxidized by one mole of MB forming the corresponding disulphide and dihydromethylene blue. The order in MB is zero while order in TMA is unity. The rate shows a maximum on varying [H+] whereas it increases linearly on increasing [Cu (II)]. Electrolytes exert a diverse influence, which is attributed to environmental effect. The rate increases on increasing the dielectric constant of the medium but it remains unaffected on adding externally the disulphide and leucobase to the system. It is known that Zn (II)-pyrazole complex acts as a model for the enzyme, liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) which regulates the function of liver 22.3-Methyl-1 phenyl-2-pryazoline-5-one (Pyrazolone) was also added to the system in a bid to investigate the effect of simultaneous ligation of catalyst on the rate and pyrazolone was found to retard the reaction.

74-82

Authors: DESHPANDE D.S., BAJPAI R., BAJPAI A.K.

The ever increasing use of polymers in our day to day life has given rise to quest for developing polymeric materials suitable for various applications. The content work aims to synthesize a novel semi-IPN in the form of hydrogel comprising of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and acrylonitrile (AN), in various proportions, by redox polymerization method in the presence of N, N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiator. Structure formation of the gel matrix has been confirmed by FTIR spectrophotometry. Phase morphology of the semi-IPNs in various proportions has been studied with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique has been utilized to detect the crystalline and amorphous characteristics of the synthesized gels. Water sorption capacity of the specimens have also been studied. IR spectra of the synthesized semi-IPN confirms the formation of a physical gel with polymer chains held to each other via hydrogen bonding. Their SEM images show single phase morphology with a less rough surface indicating a better compatibility of the two polymers. The XRD patterns of synthesized gels indicate that the crystallinity in the membrane is mainly due to PVA and swelling studies proves the approach to be beneficial for various bioengineering and bioindustrial applications.

99-104

Authors: AZIZ-UR-REHMAN, WAJEEHA TANVEER, MUHAMMAD ATHAR ABBASI, SUMBAL AFROZ, KHALID MOHAMMED KHAN, MUHAMMAD ASHRAF, IFTIKHAR AFZAL

In the present study, a series of N-substituted sulfonamides have been synthesized. The reaction of benzene sulfonyl chloride (1) with O-anisidine (2) yielded N-(2-methoxyphenyl) benzenesulfonamide (3), which on bromination with bromine in the presence of acetic acid gave N-(4,5-dibromo-methoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (6). The two products (3) and (6) further on treatment with alkyl halides/acyl halide in the presence of sodium hydride yielded thirteen different N-substituted sulfonamides. The compounds were characterized by IR, EIMS and 1H-NMR and screened against acetyl cholinesterase, butyryl cholinesterase and lipoxygenase enzymes. The results revealed that N-butyl-N-(4, 5-dibromo-2-methoxyphenyl)benzene sulfonamide (6d) and N-pentyl-N-(4,5-dibromo-2-methoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (6e) exhibited good inhibitory potential against lipoxygenase.

110-117

Authors: SURESH S., SUDHAKAR K., PREMALATHA M.

From the industrial revolution to the present, energy consumption has lead to a substantial rise in atmospheric greenhouse gases. The burning of fossil fuels accounts for about 80% of the rise of atmospheric carbon-dioxide (CO2), since the pre-industrial era, to its current level of 390 ppm. The increase in CO2 is already causing changes in the climate such as global warming. The “micro-algae based technology” (Biological carbon sequestration) is a new, might be the most promising, environmentally friendly and cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions in the energy sector. The most common microalgae species are Spirulina sp., Chlorella spa., Haematococcus spa. and Dunaliella spa., etc. This technology, have more important characteristics apart from carbon sequestration such as high biomass yield per unit of light and area. In this context, paper has focused the underlying issues in CO2 sequestration from algae based on geography, photosynthetic light, productivity and application of algal biomass. for conditions prevailing in India.

49-55

Authors: JIE CHAO, JIAN-NING LIU, YAN-CHUN TANG, SHOU-JUN XIAO

We have shown previously that oligonucleotide conjugated hirulog (bivalirudin) has a higher inhibitory activity against thrombin compared with hirulog. The negative charged oligonucleotide was considered to be responsible for the additive activity. To further investigate the related effect of oligonucleotide, the oligonucleotide conjugated hirulog18 was prepared in the present work and the activity of the conjugate against thrombin was measured. Hirulog18, a peptide lack of two N-terminal amino acid residues of hirulog, has little inhibitory activity against thrombin compared with hirulog. The conjugate oligonucleotide-hiruglog18 was successfully synthesized using click chemistry and validated by MALDI-MS and gel electrophoresis. The activity of the conjugate against thrombin was measured by the chromogenic assay using Chromozym TH as substrate. It was found surprisingly that oligonucleotide-hirulog18 had an inhibitory effect better than hirulog18 and hirulog. Strong negative charged heparin was used to study the binding mode between oligonucleotide-hirulog18 and thrombin. The results suggested that the negative charged oligonucleotide could be helpful for the conjugate’s binding to the anion-binding exosite of thrombin via the Coulomb force. The highly inhibitory effect of the oligonucleotide-hirulog18 conjugate against thrombin may present a new strategy to generate a novel class of direct thrombin inhibitors.

27-32

Authors: GOVINDARAJAN C., RAMASUBRAMANIAN S., NASREEN K., VIJAYALAKSHMI K., SUDHA P.N.

Polymer blends were prepared in the presence and absence of cross linking agent like glutaraldehyde. Ternary blends were prepared by mixing of carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan and starch, in the various ratios in presence and absence of the cross linking agent like glutaraldehyde. The characterization of various polymeric blends were carried out by advanced analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-raydiffraction (XRD) and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained results of IR studies reveal the presence of cross linking between the polymers and cross linking agents. From the results of DSC and TGA it was concluded that the blend prepared with glutaraldehyde as a cross linking agent was found to be highly thermally stable. The present study reveals that the polymer blends are very strong in the presence of cross linking agent than in the absence of cross linking agent. The results are discussed.