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THERMAL POWER SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT IN THE ROMANIAN CITIES ORADEA AND ZALAU BETWEEN 1918-2018
Authors: VASIU I.
Number of views: 200
The energy evolution of Oradea and Zalau
cities after 1918 took place in the difficult
circumstances of Romania affected by two world wars
and by a financial crisis in 1929-1933 interwar period.
Thus, in the years following 1918, economic
development of Romania was slow, with a peak in
1938. Low-power energy installations, generally
smaller than 1 MWe, have supplied electricity to the
towns and local industry.
After 1950, a large number of hydro and thermal
power plants were built in Romania, which have been
interconnected in the National Energy System,
providing electricity and heat to the industrial and
dweling expansion.
The paper presents some aspects of the energy
field achievements in Oradea and Zalau, registered
after 1918 until 1945, especially with regard to the
cogeneration thermal power plants built in these cities
in the 1960s – 1980s.
Cogeneration thermal plants achieved in Oradea
and Zalau have had an installed power capacities of
355 MWe and 24 MWe respectively, which have
contributed to the economic and social development
of these cities, but as we saw, the return to democracy
in Romania after 1990 meant stopping and
dismantling a great part of the industrial units, these
thermal plants needed to be closed, as a result of the
heat consumption base sharp decreasing, mainly after
2005-2010.
In Oradea, an up to date 47 MWe and 51 MWt
gas turbine cogeneration plant was established from
non-reimbursable European funds, which supplied
the city with thermal energy from winter 2016/2017,
but in Zalau the municipality has given up at the
district heating system in the favor of the low
capacities thermal installations, working on natural
gas, placed at the consumers.