Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

93-102

Authors: Darma Santi & Lisna Efiyanti

Hydrocrackingof cashew-nutshellliquid (CNSL)intoenergy-affordingfractionshasbeeninvestigatedusingcatalyst of acid-acticated natural zeolite (ZAA), to which were further impregnated unimetal (NiO) and bimetal (NiOMoO) elements, thereby comprising two catalyst types (NiO/ZAA and NiOMoO/ZAA). This research aimed to examine how potential was the conversion of CNSL into energy-affording fractions, and to look into such metal imregnaton into ZAA catalyst on the performance of hydrocracking reaction. Catalyst characterization included determinig consecutively acidity using ammonia-base adsorption, and crystalinity using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Acid activation and metal impregnation increased the catalyst acidity and its crystalinity. The hydrocracking was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor employing the temperature 450C, the CNSL feed/catalyst ratio of 6, and flow rate of H at 20 ml/minute. The hydrocracking converted the CNSL into products that comprised the liquid-phase, gas-phase, and solid-phase (cokes) fractions,, which in all afforded energy, and the conversion of each fraction was examined. The liquid-phase product was further analyzed using gas chromatography (GC), which revealed that the GC's eluted liquid fraction were predominantly gasoline, diesel oil, and heavy oil. Each eluted fraction was further examined for its selectivity based on the elucidated GC area for each fraction over the total GC area for the overall liquid fractions. The hydrocracking performed optimally using NiOMoO/ZAA catalysts. Which converted as much 75.42% (the greatest) of the CNSL as the liquid product, with also the greatest in selectivity towards gasoline and diesel-oil fraction at 38.45% and 19.87%, respectively. The impregnation of metal element, particularly bimetal (NiOMoO) into ZAA catalyst indicatively enhanced the hydrocrackingperformance.

123-138

Authors: Lis Nurrani, Julianus Kinho & Supratman Tabba

Utilization of germplasms as medical sources presents a form of traditional wisdom adopted by a particular community which is identicalwithahereditarylegacy.Thispaperdealsdescriptivelywithethnobotanyaspectsof NorthSulawesicommunity(Minahasa, Mongondow and Sangihe tribes) in utilizing natural bioresources from several forest plant species as traditional cancer-curing treatment, which was further proved scientifically through the identification of active ingredients contents and their efficacious toxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Scrutiny results revealed that the local community in North Sulawesi province hasprevalentlyutilizedparticularportions(e.g.wood,bark,andleaves)of 14forestplantspeciesforcancercureandotherdesease.The herbal extract from the bark of lawang ( Bl) was identified containing alkaloids, while flavonoids was detected in the extract from consecutively lingkube ( Steud) leaves, yantan ( Dc) leaves, ketapang ( L) bark, manumpang ( Jacq) bark, tanduk rusa stems, kayu gimto ( sp) roots, rumput balsam ( ) roots, and cakar kucing ( L) roots. The leaves of luhu( L)andkuhung-kuhung( Dc)containingsteroidsandtannins.Asmanyas9outof 12n-butanolextractsaffordedtoxicityefficacyagainstlarvaeof LeachwhichwasconfirmedthroughtheLC value, i.e. bellow 1000 ppm. Further, the least LC value was achieved using the petroleum eter-extract kuhung-kuhung (crotalaria striata dc) leaves, i.e. 68,33 ppm, whereby that value approached the effectiveness standard for bioactive compounds to fight against thecancercell,whichwasbasedontheUnitedStatesNationalCancerInstitute.