Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering

1-29

Authors: Mehmet Bilge Kağan ÖNAÇAN, Volkan SEZGİN, Tunç Durmuş MEDENİ, İhsan Tolga MEDENİ

Defence expenditure has an important role for a country’s economy and has a greater impact on the economies of underdeveloped and developing countries. This article was prepared as a conceptual study for the purpose of answering the long-standing discussion about the share of Turkey’s financial sources of defence expenditure in Turkey. In this context; basic concepts, factors affecting defence expenditures, process of determining defence budget, financial sources for defence expenditures were searched and Turkey’s defence budget was compared with that of some selected other countries. The data used for comparison, were compiled from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). It has been found that Turkey’s defence expenditure out of its GDP plummeted after 2000, but this trend reversed and the ratio started to increase after 2015 which reached to 2.7% of in 2019. Turkey ranked the 15th with a defence budget of 20.4 billion dollars among the list of countries with the most defence budgets in 2019. Also, when Turkey's defense budget is compared with its neighbors as of 2019, it is viewed to be at an average value. Moreover, although there are areas to be improved, it is seen that there is a systematic application related to the determining, planning, implementing and checking of defence expenditure and reasonable defence expenditure is defined according to this systematic in Turkey in today’s conditions. It is considered that it would be beneficial to conduct more in-depth studies on this subject in the future.

61-77

Authors: Beste KORUTLU

Kibble Balance developed in National Metrology Institute of Turkey allows the new definition of kilogram to be realized in single phase where the Faraday’s Law of Induction and Lorentz Law of Force are tested simultaneously thanks to its design with moving magnet. Although there are numerous advantages of this design, like being less sensitive to environmental and experimental conditions, there appear the problem of distinguishing the voltage induced across the ends of the coil as a result of Faraday’s Law of Induction and the voltage due to the current delivered to coil to generate the Lorentz Force, with a relative uncertainty of some parts of a billion. In order to get the best possible performance of the digital multimeter measuring the voltage of the coil, a waveform generator is connected in series to the multimeter as a compensating voltage source so that the voltage due to the supplied current is almost eliminated in the input of the multimeter. However, temporal voltage fluctuations in the waveform generator may induce additional voltage at the coil. In this paper, we show that these random effects are eliminated with an uncertaınty of 15 ppb in case the experiment lasts for at least 48 hours.

91-120

Authors: Sevgi ALTINKÖK, Serdar KARADENİZ, Atılgan ALTINKÖK

In this study, it is aimed to develop a suitable photovoltaic system design for the needs of Giresun University Faculty of Engineering. After the determination of the number of panels required for the photovoltaic system by mathematical equations, a 3-dimensional layout planning was made on the roofs of the Engineering building using the PVSol program thus the required equipment was determined for the system. After simulation of the photovoltaic system and determination of the equipment compatible with the system was done, some parameters such as cost calculations, financial analysis and self-paying of the system were determined by the PVSol simulation program and the results were analyzed.