Central European Journal of Zoology

Number 3 (1), 2017

4-18
Comparative Analysis of Polylocus Spectra of ISSR-PCR Markers in Dogs, Jackals And Wolves

Authors: Irina I. Gaponova, Valery I. Glazko, Tatiana V. Blokhina, Eugenia A. Knyaseva, Tatiana T. Glazko

Abstract

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The problems of the relationship between the three representatives of the canidae family (Canidae) based on the example of a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris), a wolf (Canis lupus) and a jackal (Canis aureus) are considered. A study using ISSR-PCR on di- and trinucleotide primers (AG) 9C, (GA) 9C and (GAG) 6C, showed that jackals are more genetically diverse than wolves and dogs. According to the spectra of amplification products and the presence of common fragments, jackals are genetically closer to dogs than to wolves. Based on the genotyping of 53 loci, it can be concluded that in the genome of the jackal, the DNA segments flanked by inverted microsatellite repeats are more common than those observed in the genomes of wolves and the domestic dog. The results of studies using ISSR-PCR markers, indicating a high genetic heterogeneity of the jackal population, are consistent with the published data obtained by genotyping at microsatellite loci, as well as the polymorphism of the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA, which also indicate a more pronounced genetic variability Jackals in comparison with dogs and wolves.

19-26
Spectra of IRAP Markers in Sheep, Cattle, Horses

Authors: Valeriy I. Glazko, Tatiana T. Glazko

Abstract

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Need for monitoring of the biological diversity and the dynamics of population-genetic structures requires the development of methods to identify population-genetic characteristics of different species. This requires the use of the most polymorphic genomic elements to produce a population-genetic "portrait" with high resolution. In the present work the comparative analysis of the spectra of genomic DNA fragments, flanked by the inverted repeats of long terminal repeats (LTR) of the 5 endogenous retroviruses (IRAP-PCR markers), in cattle, sheep and horses was carried out. The resulting data on species-specific features of IRAP-PCR markers was obtained. So, according to the characteristics of the polymorphism of IRAP-PCR markers the smallest differences between breeds were detected in cattle and sheep in the spectra of the primers for LTR of endogenous retroviruses such as SIRE-1 and BERV k-1, in horses – spectra of primer to BERV k-1; greatest in cattle and sheep – spectra of primer BERV β-3, in horses – spectra primers LTR SIRE-1 and 5 PawS. According to the data obtained, to identify differences between the breeds in cattle and sheep can be used spectra of the primers to the LTR 5 PawS and BERV β-3, horses - SIRE-1 and 5 PawS. The possible reasons for the differences in the spectra of polymorphism of the IRAP-PCR markers obtained using as the primers to the LTR of different endogenous retroviruses were discussed.