International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research

591-598

Authors: Amira Mahmoud Abd-Elmonem, Asmaa Abd-Esattar Abonour, Ragab Kamal Elnaggar

Background: Heamarthrosis is the most disabling complication of hemophilia causing pain, swelling, limited joint range, and weakness. Without appropriate treatment, chronic heamarthrosis remains a serious problem with permanent disability. The Purpose of this work was to study the effect of treadmill training on quadriceps and hamstring muscles strength in children with knee heamarthrosis. Material and methods: Thirty hemophilic male children with unilateral knee heamarthrosis, their ages ranged from 8 to 12 years. They were divided randomly into two groups in equal numbers, control (A) and study (B), 15 patients each. Both groups received traditional treatment program for one hour 5 days / weak, in addition the study group received treadmill training for 15 minutes. Peak torque of quadriceps and hamstring muscles was measured by Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer. Knee swelling was measured by tape measurement. Assessment was performed before and after three successive months of treatment. Results: The results revealed significant difference in all tested variables (p<0.05) after three months of treatment in both groups in favor to the study group. Conclusion: Treadmill training is beneficial in increasing muscle strength and reducing joint swelling in children with knee heamarthrosis.

604-607

Authors: Shahanawaz SD

Background: Diabetic Neuropathy is a condition that damages nerve in the body. High blood sugar levels affect the way nerves use glucose leading to an accumulation of sugar SORBITOL as depletion of substance called MYOINOSITOL with in nerves, contributing to nerve damage. Historically De calvi first showed the relationship between diabetes and peripheral nerve damage. Diabetes Mellitus is predicted to afflict 220 Million people worldwide by the year 2010, and approximately 30-60% of patients with Diabetes develop long-term of peripheral neuropathy and upto 10 to 20% of these patients experience pain. Pirart8, showed the incidence of Diabetic Neuropathy to be 7.5% at the time of diagnosis with a 1.7% annual increase. [International Diabetes Federation]. Method: Thirty subjects were divided equally 2 groups each containing subjects Group A were given TENS, (mean age 53.2, while group B was given placebo TENS mean age of 50.8 and Visual Analog Scale [VAS] scores > 5 were calculated and data collected for all the subjects prior to the treatment and after the treatment intervention. Wilcoxon method was used for analysis. Results: The Experimental group (N=15) used TENS, the mean of Pre-treatment VAS Score is 8.46 and Post-treatment VAS Score is 2.6 and statistically when observed by using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test the obtained T Value =7 and it shows a significant. Discussion: There are 2 potential mechanisms by which High – Frequency TENS can relieve the pain of diabetic neuropathy. It is possible that TENS alleviates pain by directly blocking abnormal spontaneous activity in small diameter pain mediating peripheral nerves. This mechanism requires electrical stimulation to be applied directly to spontaneously active nerve. In addition TENS can relieve the pain of diabetic neuropathy by altering nociceptive transmission in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. The second mechanism requires that stimulation be delivered to spinal cord segments that innervate the painful area. Conclusion: TENS has shown a significant improvement on neuropathic pain in diabetic neuropathy patients when compare to the Placebo TENS and hence alternate Hypothesis is accepted Null Hypothesis is rejected.

616-620

Authors: Amruta Kulkarni, Deepa Metgud

Background and Objective: Malnutrition is one of the leading cause of death among young children of developing countries and occurs due to deficiency of essential nutrients. In infancy protein deficiency (PEM) can severely affect the different domains of development. Motor development, one of the domains of development has been previously assessed in older children with PEM and not in younger infants. Early detection of motor impairment in infants with PEM followed by early intervention will help to prevent motor delay. As AIMS is a reliable and valid tool to assess the gross motor development of younger infants, the objective of the study was to assess the gross motor development in infants with PEM using AIMS. Materials and Method: It was a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 infants of age 6 to 18 months with PEM. After recording the baseline information , the gross motor development of the infants was assessed in four different positions ie supine, prone, sitting and standing. Infants were scored as per the movements observed . After summating the subscore in all the positions total score was obtained, using this the percentile rank was calculated. Results: 74% infants belonged to < 10th percentile rank of AIMS indicating atypical motor performance and 19% infants belonged to < 25th percentile rank indicating suspected motor performance with statistical significance of p < 0.001. Conclusion: The results of our study concludes that on assessment with AIMS , infants of age 6 to 18 months with Protein Energy Malnutrition showed lower motor performance signifying delayed gross motor development.

626-630

Authors: Vaiyapuri Anandh, Ivor Peter D’SA, Jagatheesan Alagesan, K Rajendran.

Background: Exercise training in the management of HIV/AIDS patient is not under research in India and if proper exercise training is been proved then quality of life for the HIV patients will improve significantly and will set a new dimension in exercise training. The present study aims to find the effect of Progressive Resistance Training on Functional Capacity, Quality of Life and CD4 Count in People with HIV/AIDS. Study Design: Experimental design. Methods: 24 participants were randomly allocated to Progressive Resistance Group and control group with 12 subjects in each group. Progressive Resistance 3 days/week for 3 months according to DeLorme’s Protocol with intensity of exercise (10 RM) calculated every week. Control group was advised not to do any exercises. Functional capacity was assessed by Six Minute Walk Test, Quality of Life was assessed by MOS-HIV Health Survey and Immune System was assessed by CD4 count. All three outcome measures were tested by blinded evaluator and measured at baseline and after intervention. Results: 24 subjects were recruited for the study and randomly divided in to 2 groups with Mean±SD age of 41.71±5.68 years. Both groups were homogenous at base line in all three outcome measures. Progressive Resistance group showed significant improvement in all three outcome measures with p < 0.05 whereas control group showed no change in CD4 count and quality of life and detrimental change in 6 minute walk test. Conclusion: Progressive Resistance Training can be better adjunct to pharmacological therapy for people with HIV/AIDS for improving cardiovascular fitness, quality of life and immune system.

637-641

Authors: Amrutha.K, Dr. Desai J.M, Annepaka Eliya Raju, Jhansi.K.

Introduction: Exercise is a type of physical activity and is defined as a planned. Structured and repetitive bodily movement done to improve and to maintain physical fitness .exercise stress releases some amount of adrenaline from adrenal medulla. Adrenaline brings about a beta receptor mediated vasodilatation in skeletal muscles which may contribute to the anticipatory vasodilatation in the blood vassals, and increased blood flow is seen during and for a short while after the exercise. Due to the stimulation of bone marrow more number of white blood cells (WBC) produced from marginal pool and released into circulation. Materials & Methods: Thirty subjects both male and female were randomly selected as control and study groups. Control group sample was collected after taking rest for 1 hour and study group sample was collected immediately after grade III exercise. Conclusion: After exercise total leukocyte count (TLC) increased significantly p. value being ˂0.0001 and differential leukocyte count(DLC) increased significantly p. value being ˂0.01.

648-652

Authors: Kanimozhi, N.K.Multani.

In the recent years, the plantar pressure has widely been accepted as a vital biomechanical parameter to evaluate human biomechanics.. The present study endeavours to find the effect of age in foot pressure distribution and its influence over medial, lateral, anterior and posterior mask of foot pressure distribution. It is an observational and comparative study on foot pressure distribution in young (25-35 years) and adults (40-60 years). Materials such as anthropometric rod, weighing machine and Podia Scan including Harrison mats have been used for the purpose of this study. Both an inter group and intra group comparison has been made. The mean and SD values of medial & lateral masks in the case of young subjects were 16.98±2.80 & 16.13±2.77, while these were 13.72±1.59 & 19.38±1.58 in old subjects indicating the lateralisation of weight bearing in adults. Nevertheless, the difference in plantar pressure distribution was not statistically significant when anterior mask (t=1.819, p<0.05) and posterior mask (t=1.907,p<0.05) were compared between young and adults.

657-662

Authors: Neeraj Panwar, MPT (Sports), Gaurav Kadyan, MPT (Sports), Aseem Gupta, MPT (Sports), Ravinder Narwal, MPT (Ortho,Cardiopulmonary).

Aim & Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of wobble board balance training program on static & dynamic balance & on triple hop distance in male collegiate basketball athletes. Methodology: Fifty healthy basketball players within a age group of 18-22 yrs. were randomly selected with a baseline BESS score between 6 to 14 & modified SEBT score equal to or greater than 94 (till 100) and they randomly divided into control (n-25) & training group (n-25).The training group were given eight weeks of training ( for first two weeks on floor & next six weeks on wobble board ) & training was given five times a week for first four weeks & three times a week for next four weeks while the control group performed their regular training under the supervision of a physiotherapist . Pre (0 week) & post ( 8 weeks) measurements of static & dynamic balance & triple hop distance were noted for both groups. Results: The pre and post test readings of BESS score shows significant improvement. Similarly, there is a significant improvement in m-SEBT score in all three positions. Pre and post test readings for the triple hop distance shows equal improvement for both control & training group. Discussion & Conclusion: This study concluded that wobble board balance training program is an effective mean for improvement of static & dynamic balance in male collegiate basketball athletes.

667

Authors: Simant Singh Thapa, Sukti Acharya.

A 3 year old female child was brought by her mother to the clinic complaining that her child was not being able to walk and speak properly till date. Child was delivered at term following vaginal delivery without complication. There was no history of consanguineous marriage, maternal illness or any medication consumed during pregnancy. Developmental history showed global delay in developmental milestones. On neurological examination, spastic hemiparesis was noted in her right upper and lower limbs. Cranial nerve examination was within normal limit. Sensory examination could not be elucidated due to communication barrier with the child. Plain CT scan of head was planned which revealed cleft in the left cerebral mantle, Schizencephaly. It is a rare congenital disorder characterized by cleft in cerebral mantle which results from the failure of the normal migration of the primitive neural cells resulting in cerebrospinal fluid filled cerebral cleft, lined by grey matter. The dilated body of left lateral ventricle communicating with a large cerebrospinal fluid collection in left cerebral hemisphere was noted (Figure 1). The communication was extending from ependymal surface of the ventricle up to the cerebral cortical surface (Figure 2). The fluid collection was lined by heterotopic gray matter. There was no other obvious nervous system anomaly detected in plain CT scan. Diagnosis and prognosis was explained to the mother. Physiotherapy was started in view of gross and fine motor developmental delay, spasticity and hemiparesis. Part of physiotherapy included Vojta therapy in order to improve postural regulation, uprighting of the body against gravity, grasping and stepping movement of the limbs. Stretching and strengthening exercises was also done in order to reduce the spasticity and to improve strength of the limbs and trunk. The child has been showing symptomatic improvement following regular physiotherapy sessions in over two month time period. Schizencephaly is a rare birth defect characterized by cleft in the cerebral mantle.