Science almanac of Black sea region countries

5

Authors: Maida G. Mustafaeva, Farid M. Mustafaev, Sarat G. Hiyasova

The peoples of Dagestan have accumulated many creative traditions and customs over their centuries-old history. It is shown that it is in traditions and customs that the national character of the people, their mentality, life priorities and ideals are embodied. Such an important sign as continuity is emphasized, which in turn is one of the most important conditions for spiritual development in the modern multicultural region. People`s morality, embedded in traditions and customs, has a pervasive ability, regulates interpersonal relations in all social spheres, including education. It is especially noted that customs and traditions acquire special significance in the conditions of multicul-turalism of the Dagestan region, where each people, regardless of the size and composition of the population, has their own special customs and traditions. Hence, in the conditions of multinational Dagestan, the problems of the development and functioning of national cultures, the tasks of preserving the national-ethnic components of spiritual culture, customs and traditions, the way of life, and folk crafts have always been relevant.

7

Authors: Tamara A. Bondarenko, Veronika S. Vlasova

Social interaction is revealed as a manifestation of social exchange, the main task of which is to create a unique product in the process of developing the terroir and landscape of the Crimean region. The elements of the cyclic system of exchange processes are highlighted: vine, terroir and people. The analysis of such a distinctive property of all the exchange processes of the wine destination of the health resort complex "MRIYA RESORT&SPA" as emergence, the essence of which goes beyond the paradigm of economic exchange, is carried out. The types of social exchanges on the territory of Winepark are reconstructed and the characteristics of the main exchange processes are given, which include the reification by specialists of their skills and knowledge in improving the terroir, communicative interpersonal interaction between employees and interaction with guests, the result of which is a new impression acting as a new marketing product. It is shown that value relations transform exchange processes into not direct economic, but containing humanistic ideals, spiritual values.

7

Authors: Olesya S. Makarova, Artem S. Goncharov

The authors investigate the peculiarities of the dialect of the Kuban Cossacks in the nineteenth century and in modern times. The lexicon, morphology and phonetics of the dialect, the historical and cultural development of the language of the Kuban Cossacks and its separation from the formed Don balachka are studied in most detail. The topicality of the subject lies in the necessity of a more detailed research of the oral and written traditions of the Kuban language group, interaction with which will provide valuable linguistic information about the specifics of speech, speech-creative activity and illumination of the current folklore of the Kuban Cossacks in the Stavropol Territory. Practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the materials of the study can be used to study the Cossacks and, in particular, the culture of the Kuban, modern social and ethnic norms, the customs of the descendants of the Cossacks of Kuban, which seems undoubtedly important for the preservation of general cultural traditions of the past. The scientific novelty of the work is due to a particular study of the linguistic peculiarities and dialect of the Kuban balachka, using a comprehensive analysis. Тhe methodological apparatus of the study consists of general scientific, linguistic, special historical and sociological research methods. The results of the study can be used as a theoretical basis for the creation of techniques and forms of linguistic interaction with the Kuban people within the framework of increasing the level of intercultural communication in the North Caucasus Federal District. Materials of the article in the regional context can be used in the lessons on «History», «Regional Studies», «Literature», the study of a number of topics in the framework of language, history and cultural disciplines in higher education, as well as for the purpose of educational activities on the culture of the Stavropol Territory.

8

Authors: Maida G. Mustafaeva, Farid M. Mustafaev, Magomed A. Ibragimov

There is an attempt to make a comprehensive analysis of such an ambiguous phenomenon as modern terrorism and extremism. Not only the ideological and historical roots of extremism and terrorism, the reasons for its activation in modern conditions are revealed, much attention is paid to the analysis of the problems of prevention and counteraction to these phenomena. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Dagestan, materials of conferences of various levels devoted to these issues, it is noted that among Russian scientists there is still a significant spread of opinions regarding the theoretical definition of terrorism and extremism and ways to improve the fighting against them in our country. It is emphasized that the most important instrument of antiterrorist policy is awareness, knowledge, specificity and preparedness for emergency situations in a multicultural region.