Revista Amazónica Ciencia y Tecnología

Number 1, 2015

15
Floristic Diversity of three Locations of a Piemontano Evergreen Forest in the Ecuadorian Eastern Amazon Region.

Authors: Edison Samaniego, Yudel García, David Neill, Yasiel Arteaga, Julio Cesar Vargas, Lizzaida Rojas

Abstract

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Floristic diversity of three sites of a piemontano evergreen forest of the eastern Amazon region of Ecuador was evaluated. A floristic inventory was conducted from 25 plots of 20 x 20 m (400 m ) per site and the sampling effort was valida ted by species area curve. Measures alpha and beta diversity were determined. The results allowed to check through the rarefaction curve that sites do not differ significantly in terms of species richness as confidence intervals at 95 % over- lapped, although there were differences in the number of individuals for each of the sites resulting Several owners with a lower abundance, followed by San Juan de Piatua and finally Veinte de Abril, associated with the influence of human action. The area had a high floristic diversity and revealed floristic similarity among the three study sites. The cluster analysis allowed the classification of two distinct groups by abundance, structure and location of the study area.

17
Prebiotic fiber supplementation in pressed ham production

Authors: Christian Vallejo Torres, Wiston Morales Rodriguez, Román Soria Velazco, Ítalo Espinoza Guerra, Jaime Vera Chang, Raúl Gilberto Díaz Ocampo

Abstract

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The goal of this study is to assess pressed ham supplemented with prebiotic fiber at various levels: 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % (weight). For this, samples of supplemented ham and a non-supplemented control were analyzed. The following indicators were assessed: moisture, fat, protein, pH, ash, non-nitrogenous elements (NNE), and organoleptic properties of ham, including: sweet taste, pink color, ham smell, and velvet-texture in the final product. Prebiotic fiber supplementation in pressed ham did not alter the content of moisture, fat, protein and pH. In these indicators the maximum values obtained were 73.11%, 5.63%, 23.57% and 6.0% respectively. While the ash and NNE percentages are slightly influenced, as are the organoleptic properties of texture, smell and color. The use of prebio-tic fiber in pressed ham establishes its presence in the results concerning ash and NNE, while there is moderate modification in the sensory properties of color, smell and texture in the final product.

27
Carbon stored in different coffee agroforestry systems in Huatusco, Veracruz, Mexico

Authors: Aiko Masuhara, Eduardo Valdés, Joel Pérez , Diego Gutiérrez, José Cutberto Vázquez, Eduardo Salcedo, María de Jesús Juárez y Agustín Merino

Abstract

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The effects of global warming are well known throughout the world. Carbon’s (C) capture potential is significant in the agricultural and forestry sectors. Agro - forestry systems have a strategic advantage in regards to the use of C, due to the potential content found in multiple plant species coexists simultaneously. The general object of the present study was the determination of carbon stock of the aerial stratums and soil in different land use system in Huatusco, Veracruz.. Results indicate that cloud forest (BMM) contains the largest contain of total C which was 481 Mg ha and that the agroforestry systems contained a smaller quantity of total C and traditional intercropping system -coffee with multiple use trees- PTR (188 Mg ha ) and specialized system - monoculture coffee with shade tree of Inga- ESP (133 Mg ha ). C values in the aerial biomass were higher in the BMM. The contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) at depth of 0 to 60 cm were 117 Mg ha , 154 Mg ha and 128 Mg ha in ESP, PTR and BMM, respecti-vely. The largest percentage of SOC with regard to the total of each system was registered in the agroforestry systems with 88 % in ESP and 82 % in PTR, mean-while BMM only had a 27% intake

29
Socio-Environmental Characterization of Agricultural Production Units in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region, Subjects: Pastaza and Napo

Authors: Carlos Bravo, Diócledes Benítez, Julio Cesar Vargas Burgos, Reinaldo Alemán ; Bolier Torres ; Haideé Marín

Abstract

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Through a relative frequency distribution, a group of agricultural production units (APUs) located in the provinces of Pastaza and Napo, Ecuadorian Amazon were socio environmentally characterized. Thirty APUs were selected and a participatory methodology was used that incorporates a set of indicators (25) within the environmental and socio-cultural dimension. From the environmental point of view, the production units are described by having an average size between 21-50 hectares, with 60% of the units studied applying agroecological practices combined with different activities and crops, which reflects the produc - tive potential of the area and how it could serve as a model for the rest of the farms. Soil quality is marked by fine textured clay, with granular structure in the surface horizon, high in organic matter, high acidity, and low fertility, affecting the nutrient availability and limiting its use. Sociocultural characteristics are varied at the farm level, however the evaluation suggests that there are key elements that can affect the continuity and sustainability of the production process, such as: the number of people working in the system, the replacement generation, the aging population, the low management capacity in terms of not keeping records, low institutional support and low participation in governance spaces