Bulletin of Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture

26-36

Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, G. P. Evseeva, O. V. Razumova

Raising of the problem. In many regions is utilised housing, that age is more than half a century. According to the research materials of the analytical center of Ukrainian Cities Association there are 25,5 thousand houses built by first mass series project of large, block and brick buildings with a total area of 72 million M2 today in the state, rather those, that require reconstruction and modernization. In general, most of the housing stock of Ukraine is in a poor technical condition due to its deficient funding; it keeps the tendency of premature aging of the housing stock.One of the major problems of modern construction industry is the continuation of housing exploitation, in particular is it the building era of mass construction of 50-60-ies of XX century, called "Khrushchevki". According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine the deterioration of residential buildings in Ukraine amounts to 47.2%, which makes us think of the immediate actions to occure this situation. The most acceptable way, at first viewe, seems the reconstruction of "Khrushchvki". However, the reconstruction is a complex problem that requires the construction industry solution due to the economic component, the social factor, the views of residents of these homes to create a technological and economical viable result. Analysis of publications. The problem of the "Khrushchevki" reconstruction is the subject of continual researches of leading builders of Ukraine. In the researchers' attention just as the technological problems [1 - 3], so economic components [4 - 6], in general, give an idea of the work scale required to overcome the impending crisis. The purpose of the article. Defining the main problems of exploatation of panel five- story buildings of 50 - 60-ies twentieth century and their residents thoughts about existing inconvenience, as well as associated economic, technological and legal problems in the implementation of buildings reconstruction. Conclusions. Thus, the continued exploatation of large five-storey buildings today is a big problem that requires a consistent scientific basis and achievements of mechanisms to solve it. On the construction industry lie the tasks of different nature: technological (development projects and successful design solutions for reconstruction, heat and sound insulation of residential buildings, a significant decrease in the heat capacity of the wall surfaces of concrete panels), economic (creation and selection of economic viable options of reconstruction, reducing the cost of the work), social and legal (housing quality improvement in compliance with regulatory requirements and legislative support). In the aspect of these tasks is an interesting study of foreign experience (eg, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic), the reconstruction of five-story building. On these and other questions will be directed our further research.

44-48

Authors: A. I. Kosolap, A. N. Nesterenko

Problem statement. The article discusses the problem of minimizing the construction time of a complex system, which consists of the set of subsystems. Such problems arise in manufacturing, construction, management, computer science and other fields. Building a system requires consistent construction of its subsystems, which include numerous elements. These elements are supplied to the system’s entrance at specific moments of time. The technological route of each element and each subsystem consisting of a given number of elements, as well as the processing time of each element and subsystem are known. Construction of a complex system is represented as a network graph, which determines its construction sequence. The network graph in this case is a tree of arcs, the root of which is the completion of a complex system’s construction. With a given times of system elements supply and of their compounding into subsystem, the minimum time of system’s construction is equal to the critical path of network graph. To find the critical path it is necessary to determine the completion time of each subsystem. This time depends on availability time of all elements of subsystems required for its assembly. Time critical path can be reduced by removing the idling in the areas of subsystems assembly. Minimization of idling periods provides a critical path of minimum length. There are such timings of complex system element’s arrival at the entrance of network graph for which the total idle periods of elements and subsystems at each point of the assembly will be minimal. Determining such moments of arriving at system’s entrance requires starting from the end of the network graph. Reducing the completion time of system’s assembly entails a reduction in the time of its elements arrival. This reduction leads to a decrease in the arrival time of the subsystem’s elements on the previous point of assembly. Such passage from end to beginning of the network graph, changing times of subsystems’ elements arrival allows minimizing idle periods before the assembly of sub- systems at each region. This is achieved by determining the optimum arrive timings of elements at the entrance of network graph. After the performed changes the critical path must be recalculated and only if its value is not changed, the minimum construction time of complex system will be found. To implement the computing algorithm of minimization of a complex system’s construction time, a computer program is developed and the numerical experiments that confirm the effectiveness of the algorithm are performed.

58-65

Authors: О. V. Samorodov

Raising of problem. In the construction of high-rise buildings with significant loads on foundations and bedding at the base of not rocky soils tend to use the most common pile foundation to reduce the deformation and correspond to regulations [1] on the maximum permissible deformation. Monitoring of the stress-strain state (SSS) pile foundations constructed buildings shows the existing reserves of bearing capacity on the one hand - soil bases of the second group of limit states, on the other - the foundation of the first group of limit states by regulating the SSS foundation during construction and exploitation. Therefore, are increasingly using more progressive structure of foundations consisting of piles and of plate, as well as methods for their construction [2 - 10], however, in their design there are a number of disadvantages associated with the ambiguity of the application of methods for the calculation of such structures, which allows to do only partial conclusions and recommendations. Purpose. Is proposing the new structure of a plate-pile foundation, which overcomes the drawbacks of the existing design solutions and methods of consruction their, as well as is proposing an engineering method of a determination of basic parameters. Conclusion. Is proposes the new structure of a plate-pile foundation and the method of a determination of basic parameters his in the design of a soil base to the maximum permissible deformation Su buildings. Efficiency of application this type plate-pile foundation obtained by rational distribution resistance between a plate and piles, when under load from the building to the first work fully incorporated plate that allows maximum deformed for plate, and then the piles - due to of the hinge connection with the plate. Thus, depending on the maximum permissible deformation for buildings resistance of plate part of a full load of more than 50%, that significantly reduces the consumption of concrete.

72-78

Authors: A. I. Bilokon, S. A. Malanchiy, T. A. J. Alqubailat

The article is devoted to studying the history of the theory of stakeholders, review of available scientific expertise and its uses. The article briefly describes the main provisions of the theory, considered a model formed based on them. On the basis of this review created a table "Models of groups of persons concerned". It was found that the processes of relationship management stakeholders and mechanisms for evaluating the effectiveness of management have not yet received an appropriate system development either in theory or in practice. Resolving the problem requires the development of a coherent methodology, which is the basis for the definition and classification of stakeholders.

88-96

Authors: S. I. Podolynnyy, H. G. Boldyreva, D. V. Datskiv

Problem. Nowadays providing administrative services of good quality is considered to be one of the most important conditions for establishing firm and democratic relations between local authorities and population The work for creating municipal institutions using the principle of a "single window" is being fulfilled in Dnipropetrovs’k. Two pilot projects have been done at the Department of Architectural Engineering and Design (Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Construction and Architecture). Objective. To demonstrate peculiarities of two project proposals for CAS comparing them with the recommendations of State Administration and basic principles formed while designing similar objects in foreign practice. Main part. Basic principles for creating the Center for Administrative Services (CAS) were formulated regarding foreign experience and recommendations of State Administration. These principles are organized as three conceptual blocks: city-planning relevancy, functional arrangement, form making and artistic image peculiarities. CAS on the left bank of the river is situated on the territory that is being reconstructed at the moment. It is a functional and compositional landmark of social and administrative subcentre of the left bank. The Centre is designed in a 16-storey building with a build-in and build-on 2-floor block of the front-office. The front-office is designed for 121 working places and the back-office – for 440 ones. The general area of the front-office is 605 sq. m., the area of the back-office is 2130 sq. m. Artistic characteristics are designed according to traditional office planning schemes. CAS of the right bank is planned on a vacant site on Zaporiz’ke highway. Spacious parking lots are also provided on the territory. The building is positioned sideways on to the highway with its long axis. It can serve as a peculiar sign at the entrance to the city. The front-office is situated in a two-floor stylobate of the Center. Premises of the back-office are designed in a 10-19-storey U-shape building. Spatial arrangement of the front-office resembles a ‘bird with outspread wings’. Volumetric and spatial calisthenics of the Center is connected with the typical concept of a ‘single window’. The general area of the front-office is 8216 sq. m., the back-office – 13925 sq. m. Conclusion. Considering the absence of corresponding norms and domestic experience for designing CAS pilot proposals are an important stage of creating administrative institutions of a new type. In general, the reviewed functional and architectural design corresponds to the desired goals. Proposals concerning artistic characteristics are less unambiguous. Further research and pilot project elaboration should be focused on revealing the principles of interaction between city-planning factors and specific artistic characteristics of the object.