Bulletin of Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture

4-7

Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, B. Volchuk, Yu. Dubrov

To date the problem of acute operative quality evaluation of mechanical properties of metal castings, in particular of rolls. Analysis of standard methods for determining the mechanical properties, including methods of NDT, quantitative metallography analysis of mathematical models based mainly on statistical data showed that these methods are relatively expensive and often produce results that diverge from the requirements of the guests. This is due to the fact that to realize the most obvious, a deterministic approach used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the rolls, based on the analysis of causal connections and relationships, it is not possible, because the technology of production of rolls is a multiparameter and multicriterion. Consequently, the quality of the metal exerts a substantial influence a large number of technological parameters (chemical composition, alloying elements, cooling conditions, spreads thickness, shape, casting process, and other parameters) affecting the formation of the structure, highly interconnected. Even a slight change of some of them significantly alter the properties of the metal in a relatively wide range. The task of identifying the desired product quality is further complicated by the fact that the physical nature certain quality criteria tend to contradict each other, i.e., improving one criterion, we often worsens the other — for example, strength, ductility, toughness, brittleness, and others. Most of the criteria that characterize the performance and efficiency of technology identified acceptable, relatively small intervals, providing a relatively small effect on the magnitude of these criteria. This is probably based on the fact that the developers of the process in an effort to sustain it, as far as possible in one's chosen field of technological parameters, numerical values of the restricted criteria that characterize its performance and efficiency. The area where these criteria are minimum contradict each other, we call the area of compromise quality criteria. «Just between opposites may be a compromise». Given the foregoing, the development and research of a method for determining the area of compromise quality criteria multicriteria technologies is an actual scientific and practical problems of modern materials. This approach will allow the adjustment of the mechanical properties of metal products during their production. Experience has shown that in practice, this approach is particularly useful when foresight chemical composition of the product and its mechanical properties in a production environment.

16-28

Authors: G. P. Evseeva, Yu. Tyutereva, D. Karachentsev, A. Koval

Problem statement. The problems of socio–economic and socio–political situation of Ukrainian society nowadays called the urgent need to determine the position of representatives of the state and the individual on patriotic attitude to their homeland. That is why the national patriotic education today is important. Fatherland requires each of us not only love, but much of social action. Remember the famous saying of US President John Kennedy: «Ask not what America has done for you, ask what you have done for America». This social action, in which reveals our attitude to our homeland, generate, create an image «of the country». Among the domestic needs of the service to the Fatherland should be highlighted active citizenship, which is formed through the understanding of personality, that from «me and my actions» depends everything that happens in society; love for your people, proud for your nation and your country in which you live. It is no coincidence patriotism sometimes interpreted as unity with your people. History, cultural traditions, become then true symbols of homeland, i.e. objects of pride for the citizens of the state, region, city, etc. It is in this course, the students of our academy, under the slogan declared by leaders of our region «Dnepropetrovsk — European city» proposed a new project of local historical accompaniment of transport routes of the city. Turning to the state and the European experience, it should be noted that in contrast to European cities, where almost every more or less popular town has local historical accompaniment of transport routes, cities of Ukraine, even as popular among tourists as Lviv, Kyiv, Odesa, not have such support. So in this sense Dnipropetrovsk can and should become a pioneer in this very important matter — patriotic education of citizens of the city by respect and love of local history. The analysis of recent research. On the history of our city, especially its architecture, says a lot. Among the important intelligence note are the works of M. Kavun [5–7; 11; 13] V. Bolshakov [1] E. Borodin [2] B. Bratanich [3] V. Moroz [16] T. Nyedosyekinoyi [12] and others. Scientists and researchers, journalists and public figures are gathering information about the history of our hometown [9–10; 15; 17–18]. Conclusions. An important factor in the formation of dweller’s national identity, particularly young ones are studying local history, which is closely connected with the history of the country. This is the most important part of education of today's youth. From the study of local history begins high awareness of the concepts of «Fatherland», «patriotism» and so on. Native region — is a «little homeland», which represents an area on which each person begins its adult life and form their own worldview, historical knowledge of the region in which you live, has always played a crucial role in shaping national identity. Specific dates, events, people, of which actually consists local history has always been of high interest, always influenced the way people think, especially when they could to «touch» and verify them. Therefore, the study of the history of native city in a readily accessible form — through audio commentary on public transport will encourage young people to respect their homeland, theirselfs and their future.

32-35

Authors: V. Yegorova, O. Panchenko

Problem statement. Daubed house during centuries was traditional dwelling in central and eastern parts of Ukraine. Such type of buildings became popular today for use as village cottages, tourist houses, restaurants and even decorative construcions. They give comfort and unique atmosphere that is differ from any contemporary dwelling. Modern daubed house, that is constructed with apllication of new technologies, has modern design, which connect the spirit of the past and utilityof the present time. The analysis of recent research. The research of the ukrainian houses' building, especialy of the features of houses’ regional types, carried out outstanding scientists and etnographers. On of them is A. Danylyuk, who made important contribution to development of ethnography [1]. In our time it appears more and more yong scientists of architectural heritage which offer application of innovations. In particular, new works on thechnology of house building. Research objective. To analyse main tradions of house building in steppe region, to discover the features of technologies of houses’ building up and to point out the types of buildings which are popular in modern building industry. Conclusions. Most popular types of buildings in steppe region were Daubed house and adobe house during centuries. In time the details of building technologies have changed, but the materials stayed invariable. Because of natural oigin the material used in construction of such houses have the unique operational, economic and ecological attributes. Such building are true discovery for destroyed eastern regions in conditions of economical crisis and bad ecological situation.

38-47

Authors: V. Babenko, A. Zyuzya

The peculiarities of Katerynoslav building–up in ХVIII–ХIХ centuries comparing to the cities of Pravoberezhzhya, Livoberezhzhzya, Slobozhanschina, existing in Ukraine in the end of the ХVII century laid in totally new principles of urban planning determined with the architecture of classicism, which were realized in building–up of new cities of the South of Russia. Katerynoslav building–up was carried out according to the concept of the «open city» as the integral city–planning formation of line type with a clear system of linear and lateral streets with a number of rectangular squares. Originality of architectural environment of Katerynoslav in the middle ХІХ century was marked with rationalism, eclectic and romantic tendencies and, on the other hand, specific esthetic parameters of architecture which obtained the general name of the «brick style of Katerynoslav».

53-56

Authors: A. V. Kolesnik, A. Kyrychenko, M. Ivanchenko

Problem statement. Historical development of Dnipropetrovsk region took place over a period of several centuries. Here the certain type of culture was formed that reflected on family life and on samples of material culture. World view of the inhabitants of our region uncovers in decorative art that was used in family life and was remarkable in different regions of Ukraine. The research of house's building traditions and design of the interior in Dnipropetrovsk region homes as a part of culture is topical question for definition of the place of this traditions in Ukrainian history. The analysis of recent research. Culture and family life of inhabitants of Dnipropetrovsk region was the subject of inquiry of scientists. As an part and parcel of the ethnography of the Ukrainian population it was concerned by V. I. Naulko, A. P. Ponomar'ov. On the features of house's building pointed out ethnographer A. G. Danyl'uk. Decorative art in Prydniprovsk region as a part of Ukrainian art was discovered by B. A. Antonovych, R. V. Zaharchyuk–Chyughai, M. B. Stankevych. Research objective. To research artistic and decorative design of the interior in Ukrainian houses in Dnipropetrovsk region and its connection with spiritual life of society. Conclusions. The development of artistic and decorative design of the interior in Ukrainian houses in Dnipropetrovsk region took place side by side with art of other regions that is fixed in a lot of common features. But it is worth to mark some features peculiar only to Dnipropetrovsk region that indicates world view of its inhabitants: horizontal lines in design as wall–paintings, multicolored flower ornaments in artistic and decorative design of the interior.

59-64

Authors: N. Hr. Omelyan-Skyrta, D. Proviz, R. Chydnivets

Statement of the problem. Getting acquainted with the architecture of the city, architecture students watching neglect of historical buildings. The reason — lack of attention to preserve the historical architectural heritage of Dnepropetrovsk, and as a consequence — loss of buildings. This leads to disruption of the integrity of the composition of the city. The aim of the paper is explore the historical significance of the building and its architectural features in the context of the architectural heritage of Dnepropetrovsk. Conclusions. Unfortunately, the unique building has long been without serious attention and repair. Year after year the building became even more neglected, crumbling plaster of the walls, fragments of stucco fell off in a pickle balconies and sculptures estate. The saddest thing is that in recent years, even in load–bearing walls of the building cracks. Today life STI clinic resettled. It seems that the city authorities finally realized that the building is urgently needed repair. House surrounded by ribbons, reminiscent of the reconstruction. But while repairs are not even rozpochynalysya, and who knows when they will be found funds. While there is only hope that contemporary nineteenth century still be restored and will certainly become an architectural adornment of our city. Architecture and urban planning are an integral part of the holistic development of Ukrainian culture at all stages of social and spiritual development. No wonder they say that people who do not know and do not respect their history has no future. Given the current situation, it is necessary to stop further deterioration of the building in order to preserve the unique historic and architectural urban environment. This is possible by introducing effective emergency measures provided state support.