Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan

J Clin Med Kaz 2016; 1(39):6-11 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-6-11

Authors: Yevgen Lisovskyy, Kenzhe Kussainova, Meiram Shakenov, Natalya Lisovska

The cerebral palsy is highly actual issue of pediatrics, causing significant neurological disability. Though the great progress in the neuroscience has been recently achieved, the pathogenesis of cerebral palsyis still poorly understood. In this work we reviewed available experimental and clinical data concerning the role of immunocompetent cells in pathogenesis of cerebral palsy. Maintaining of homeostasis in nervous tissue and its transformation in case of periventricular leukomalacia were analyzed. The reviewed data demonstrate involvement of immune regulatory cells in the formation of nervous tissue imbalance and chronicity of inborn brain damage. The supported opinion, that periventricular leukomalacia is not a static phenomenon, but developing process, encourages us optimism about possibility of its correction. The further study of changes of the nervous and immune systems in cerebral palsy will contribute to creating fundamentally new directions of the specific therapy and individual schemes of rehabilitation.

J Clin Med Kaz 2016; 1(39):16-19 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-16-19

Authors: Oksana Ussenova, Dinara Gabdullina, Marina Morenko, Yelena Kovzel

By definition, primary immunodeficiencies are genetically determined diseases, which are fundamental molecular or organic defects associated with impaired immune responses, in this case there is the clinic of infectious and autoimmune diseases, with an increased risk of developing malignancies. Primary immunodeficiency diseases more frequent than previously thought. The lack of clear algorithms and the use of outdated technologies considerably delay diagnosis process, which leads to delays expensive no specific treatment instead of Immunotropic effective therapy. The first episodes of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are manifested at an early age, but also the primary PID can also occur in adults, the first episode of the disease observed in the 20-30 years of age.

J Clin Med Kaz 2016; 1(39):25-29 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-25-29

Authors: Tatyana Ponomarevа

Objective: Assessment of the “animalization” impact on the immunogenicity and viability of EV live plague vaccine. Methods: In this research we have used a vaccine strain of Yersinia pestis EV (a RIEH line), and a strain 231 from the National Depository of highly dangerous microorganisms of the Kazakh Scientific Center of Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases (KSCQZD). For the cultivation and evaluation of cultural, biochemical properties, as well as phage lysability of the vaccine strain we used Hottinger agar, Hottinger broth, peptone water with 1% glycerol, 1% sucrose, 1% lactose, 1% rhamnose and Andred indicator, a sterile 0.9% sodium chloride, and also plague diagnostic bacteriophages L-413 and Pokrovsky, produced in KSCQZD, and determination of the cell concentration using 10 units standard turbidity. We carried out “animalization” of the vaccine by its intravenous infusion to 5 rabbits weighting from 2 to 2.5 kg, with subsequent (after 3-4 hours) isolation of the vaccine strain culture from rabbit’s internal organs. We evaluated the protective activity in acute experiments of contamination of previously immunized guinea pigs weighing from 250 to 350 g (by a number of survived animals), and immunogenicity by ED50 value for all series of “animalized” and “not animalized” EV vaccine. The viability (percent of live cells) was determined by the number of colonies grown on Hottinger agar compared with the concentration of bacteria marked on an ampoule. As the percentage of viable microbial cells in a series, we accepted the arithmetic mean calculated for the three ampoules of the same series. Results: Indicators of the specific activity of the vaccine series prepared with the inclusion in the process of an “animalization” stage showed their significant growth. Significant increase in the number of surviving after contamination guinea pigs in combination with a significant reduction ED50 indicates that short stay of the vaccine strain in a rabbit body leads to a significant increase in protective activity (immunogenicity) of the finished vaccine. The number of viable cells in the final vaccine increases, too. Conclusions: Short-term (within 3-4 hours) stay of the 2nd generation culture during the process of a live plague vaccine production greatly enhances its immunogenicity (protective activity). The vaccine obtained with the inclusion in its production process of the “animalization” step contains a significantly greater number of viable microbes, as compared to conventional technology without “animalization”

J Clin Med Kaz 2016; 1(39): 37-42 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-37-42

Authors: Nikolay Shebrina, Muaviya SN Almaradat, Natalya Kapusnik, Irina Kuzmina

Аim: To determine the effectiveness of the method biorevitalisation cervical correction cervical incompetence (CIN) before the planned pregnancy by restoring physiological sphincter cervix using her replacement excessive muscle connective tissue. Methods. A total of 80 non-pregnant women with CIN, the main group, and 20 healthy women, included in the control group. The main group of patients was divided into two clinical groups: 1 - 40 women with CIN, which pregravid period were treated fillers based on hyaluronic acid, 2 - 40 women with CIN, which before pregnancy CIN treatment was carried out. Glycosaminoglycan biopolymer administered in cervical tissue in an amount of 0.3 ml once, by gradually chipping the entire area of the total volume of the internal os of the drug from 1 to 2 ml. As criterion for the effectiveness of the correction of cervical activity index is proposed to use of neuraminidase in the cervical mucus. Results. Concentrations of all studied biologically active components cervical mucus in patients with CIN after correction method biorevitalisation significantly exceeded the comparable figures recorded in the initial state. carrying out correction of the cervix in women with CIN step pregravid period accompanied by increased content of all carbohydrate components cervical mucus on average 40-45% and reliably maintained for 14 months. Conclusion. Method biorevitalisation cervical hyaluronic acid is effective for correction at step CIN pregravid preparation, contributes to the normalization of structural and functional properties of the cervix.

J Clin Med Kaz 2016; 1(39):47-49 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-47-49

Authors: Askar Bakhtiyarov, Gulmira Utepbergenova, Sayra Sagitova

Brain and spine echinococcosis are one of the rare locations echinococcus bubble, which is difficult to diagnose, and can lead to complications (epileptiform seizures, paresis, paralysis). In this article we describe rare cases of echinococcosis fronto-temporal region of the brain to the right of a woman 33 years old with relapsed and hydatid L3 body cysts vertebra with spinal cord compression, complicated lower paraparesis and dysfunction of the pelvic organs in men 49 years old, first identified on MRI lumbar dressed spine. With a view to early diagnosis and to reduce the incidence of echinococcosis need to conduct targeted screening population using blood enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and instrumental research methods (CT, MRT) of the brain and spine. In order to prevent relapse after patients Echinococcectomy compulsorily appoint protivoretsedivnoe treatment of anthelmintic drugs.