Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research

38-43

Authors: Osman HM, Shayoub ME, Babiker EM3, Faiza AO, Munzir ME Ahmed, Bashier Osman, Ali Mohamed Elhassan and Taha KK

Leaves of Moringa oleifera extracted in 70% ethanol were assessed experimentally for acute toxicity in two groups each of six, one of albino rats and the other of rabbits. Each animal of the two groups was injected via intraperitoneal route with 150 mg/ml every five minutes till death occurred. The lethal dose of acute toxicity was found to be 6616.67mg/kg body weight (BW) for rats and 26043.67 mg/kg BW for rabbits. Injection with 14ml of concentrated form of 450mg/ml over 10 minutes showed no death among albino rats. The results of histopathology confirmed that the death of both animals was due to excessive fluid injected for the acute toxicity test. Based on these results it can be concluded that the plant had low toxicity effect when given in concentrated doses for short period of time. Key word: Moringa oleifera, acute toxicity, LD50, albino rats, rabbits, medicinal plant.

24-29

Authors: Esraa B. Ahmed, Esraa A. Ali*, Esraa H. Mohamed, Eman A. Saleh, Asmaa K. Abd Elbaset, Ezzat M. Mahmmed, Ahmed S. Abd Elaal, Ahmed M. Elsayed, Abderhman F. Quora, Ziad M. Hashem, Mostafa M. Fouad, Hussein A. Awaad, Sarah M. Hussein and Bassma A. Ibrahim

Compliance of pregnant women with iron and calcium supplements is very important as it had a large effect on the mothers and their fetuses. There are causes of noncompliance such as forgetfulness and side effects. This study aimed to asses’ compliance of pregnant women to calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) supplements during pregnancy to decrease health problems resulting from deficiency of these minerals for mothers and fetuses. This is a cross sectional study which asses the compliance and factors of non-compliance with Ca and Fe supplements among a convenient sample of pregnant women attending Al-Sabah Banat primary health care unit. One hundred subjects were interviewed by using self-administered questionnaire including data about socio-demographic characteristics, compliance (knowledge attitude practice) and factors of non-compliance including adverse effects. The mean age of the participants was 27.25 ± 5.491 years. In the sample population, 83% of the women lived in rural areas. The highest percentage was technical graduate (34%) while the lowest percentage was primary graduate (9%). Most of the samples were housewife’s (80%), 95% of the sample knew about Fe supplements while 83% were compliant with it. The most present factor of non-compliance was constipation (35%) and the headache was the lowest present factor, only 3%. We found that 90% knew about Ca supplements. Most of the samples were compliant with Ca (82%). The most present factor was constipation (53.1%), while urticaria, flatulence and non-availability of Ca were the lowest present factors, only (6.1%). We found that 55% of population takes Ca and Fe according to the schedule. Non-compliance with Ca and Fe supplements during pregnancy is high. The most present factor for non-compliance with Ca was constipation, while urticaria, flatulence and non-availability of Ca were the lowest present factors. The most present factor for non-compliance with Fe was constipation and the headache was the lowest present factor. Key Words: Calcium, compliance, iron, pregnancy, factors for noncompliance. Abbreviation: RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance, Ca: Calcium, Fe: Iron, RR: Relative Risk, CI: Confidence Interval.

10-12

Authors: Erkin A. Hakimov, Babur M. Shakirov and Shobotir Umarov

In severe burn disease, inflammatory processes in kidneys often result in lethal outcome. The present study shows the material of 46 autopsies of died patients (29 males and 17 females), being treated at Burn Department of Samarkand branch of RSCUMA during year 2006 to 2012 .Electronic microscope study of kidneys made it possible to verify morphological substrate and pathogenesis of renal insufficiency in burn disease. From the study we can distinguish typical features of morphological changes in kidneys in burn disease; damage to microvessels and cellular elements. Key words: Burns, autopsies, microscope study of kidneys, Sepsis.

1-3

Authors: Shiva Ghasemi, Mostafa Ghasemi and Navazollah Moradi

The goal of this investigation was to evaluate some biochemical traits(pH, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid) in fruits of ten orange(Citrus sinensis) cultivars.Studied cultivars were Salustiana, Pine apple, Number 4, Valencia, Hamlin, Early Navel, Madam Vinous, Marss, Brohen and Thompson. The results showed that there were significant differences among studied cultivars. The highest and the lowest pH were found in Early Navel (4.17) and Brohen (3.01), respectively. The highest and the lowest total soluble solids (TSS) were obtained in the cultivars Number 4(11.16%) and Brohen (7.8%), respectively. The cultivars Number 4, Pine apple and Salustiana had no significant differences for TSS (P < 0.05).The lowest pH and TSS belonged to the cultivar Brohen. The highest and the lowest ascorbic acid content were obtained in the cultivars Number 4(107.33mg.100ml-1) and Marss (56.33mg.100 ml-1), respectively. The results showed that the cultivar Number 4 can be valuable among other cultivars since it had the highest TSS and ascorbic acid. Key words: pH, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, Citrus sinensis, Hormozgan, Iran.