Journal of Coastal Life Medicine

104-108

Authors: Karim Samira, Uddin Jalal, Rahman Laboni Farhina, Khalid Labu Zubair

Objective: To justify the folkloric uses of Sesbania grandiflora (S. grandiflora) leaves, 90% ethanolic extract and their organic and aqueous partitioning substances were evaluated for their possible antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal and antimicrobial activity in vivo. Methods: Crude ethanolic extract of S. grandiflora leaves were being subjected to partitioned into different fractions using solvents of different polarity. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiarrheal activity was evaluated and subsequently results were corresponded with the conventional standard drugs. Results: The antidiarrheal activity was assessed using mouse model, where unfractionated crude ethanolic extract showed 25.0% at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 38.1% at dose 400 mg/ kg body weight and the reference drug loperamide 53.6% at a dose of 50 mg/kg inhibited diarrhoeal episode. Crude ethanolic extract and extract fractions significantly inhibit the growth of known bacteria cause urinary tract infection. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found maximum in chloroform soluble fractions (39.47 ± 0.33) and (31.44 ± 0.47) respectively. Extractives showed satisfactory antioxidant potential in DPPH free radical scavenging assay with IC50 values found in petroleum ether soluble fractions (18.05 ± 1.90) in comparison with ascorbic acid (17.50 ± 0.20). Conclusions: Ethanolic extract and their aqueous and organic fractious revealed the leaves of S. grandiflora have the potential remedy of diarrhea, known bacteria cause urinary tract infection and potent antioxidant activity which ensure the folkloric use of the leaves of grandiflora.

116-120

Authors: Gousia Shaik, Naveena Lavanya Latha Jeevigunta

Objective: To investigate the efficiency of biological agents used for the removal of calcium chloride in water under different parameters. Methods: The biosorbents prepared from the three fungi used in the present study were tested for their removal capacity of calcium from various concentrations of metal solutions at different pH values and different temperatures. Results: The present study indicates that out of the three organisms tested Rhizopus stolonifer has showed the efficiency of removing calcium from hard water and rendering them to moderate soft water quality at pH of 6 and temperature of 25 °C recorded at the higher concentration of 5000 µg/mL of ground water and pure solutions. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the fungal biomass can show significant removal of metal ions than the conventional absorbents.

126-128

Authors: Pedro Barreiros, Vidal Haddad Jr, João Pedro Barreiros

In this paper we report and discuss a scuba diving accident caused by compression of the mask at a depth of 9.1 m resulting in conjunctiva haemorrhage of both eyes in a 21-year-old male. After five weeks and benefiting from immediate post-accident medical attention and medication followed by ophthalmologic examinations the patient recovered with no chronic effects neither in vision nor in the eyes.

134-140

Authors: Kanika Patel1, Vikas Kumar2, Dinesh Kumar Patel2

Alkaloids are one of the main secondary metabolite of original plants and known for their beneficial health aspects. Chemically alkaloids are basic compounds and found in various parts of plants like fruits, flowers, seeds, stems, roots and leaves. Alkaloids also play an important role in the defense mechanism of plants against herbivorous animals and pathogens as they are bitter in test and also have toxicity in the animal and human being. Alkaloids have numerous medicinal, pharmacological, medical and veterinary importances. There are different types of alkaloid which is present in the nature and we can categorize into different classes on the basis of their chemical structure. Steroidal glycoalkaloids are N based compounds having C27 basic skeleton and mainly found in Solanaceae family. Potato, tomato and eggplant are some of the best examples of the steroidal glycoalkaloids and so far, more than 100 different types of glycoalkaloids have been isolated from Solanum species. Biologically glycoalkaloids have insecticidal, antimicrobial and fungicidal properties and are found to be active against various pests, insects and herbivores animals. Solanidine is a steroidal aglycon of potato glycoalkaloids having C27 H43 NO chemical structure. Glycoalkaloids are basically used as a precursor moiety for the synthesis of various pharmacologically active hormones and solanidine is one of the best examples of these chemical classes. Unlike many other steroids, solanidine has N containing heterocyclic unit and also has less toxicity than its glycosidal derivatives. Medicinally solanidine have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-hyperlipidaemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-paracites and cardiac activities. In this review, we have discussed medicinal properties, important sources, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of solanidine. From the above mentioned facts, we can conclude that solanidine have very bright future as it could be used as a leading precursor molecule for the synthesis of various steroidal drugs.