Russian Journal of Comparative Law

46-59

Authors: Ekaterina A. Khalapyan

This paper deals with the activity of the Customs Service of the Czech Republic. Borders of the EU are abolished between member countries in relation to the trade of all goods (Article 28 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Between member countries customs duties, or charges having a similar effect, are forbidden. The author analyzes three main directions of cooperation of the Customs Service with foreign customs offices: a) interaction in the field of customs affairs; b) legal assistance in administrative "customs" matters; c) legal assistance in criminal "customs" matters. This article brings to light the regulation of the cooperation within the EU between customs services at the present stage. There is a balance between the rights and obligations for prevention of violations of the customs legislation and timely information support. National customs authorities are recommended to exchange important information on their own initiative. The Czech Customs Service uses all opportunities given by international treaties with the third states. The fact of carrying out the Customs Service of joint international operations testifies to efficiency of its activity. It raises thanks to high-quality interaction of law enforcement agencies, the anticipatory information arriving from colleagues, and also coordination in actions when carrying out joint actions.

71-79

Authors: Levon A. Sargizov

The article presents some of the requirements for advertising, as well as special advertising bans established by the RA legislation and a number of other countries (CIS countries, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, the USA, India and others). Particularly, there was held an analysis of the requirements for legality, reliability and propriety of advertising, as well as of the special requirements to advertising in various sectors. This paper considers some of the requirements that are absent in the Armenian legislation, but presented under the law of other countries. There was held an analysis of the international legal practice and considered some court cases in this area. Special attention was paid to the International Code of Advertising Practice and "caveat emptor" principle, which means "let the buyer be alert," used in the United States. In conclusion, there was presented a number of proposals for changes in the legislation of Armenia.

8-11

Authors: Pavel V. Dontsov

The author concluded in the research that Canada is using two implementation models while implementing international treaties: “transformational” and “adoptional”. In the sphere of human rights law Canada applies concept of the direct application of international law and also uses incorporation mechanism of multilateral conventions implementation. In both models used by Canada for implementation of multilateral treaties and agreements with international organizations Canada applies the following forms: “rapid implementation”, “direct implementation” and “direct usage of rule”.

19-25

Authors: Anastasiia S. Makarenko

The article investigates the doctrine of criminal law and legislation in the field of the theory of penalties. The author analyzes the general principles of sentencing, and also the nature of the specific rules regarding to the problem of judicial discretion. In the article foreign legislation on ways of formalizing the rules of sentencing is considered. The attention is given to the issue of typical sanctions and the possibility of its establishing in the legislation of Ukraine. Here we propose the idea of optimizing the domestic mechanism of legal regulation on the deviant acts in society as the result of the prediction certain patterns of criminal law.

33-36

Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy

The article examines the Customs Service of Vietnam. This article discusses the problems of organizational structure General Department of Vietnam Customs; analyzes the basic law and regulations, management of the General Department of Customs; describes the central customs authorities and customs authorities at the local level in Vietnam.