Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte umanistice

3-10

Authors: Andrei COROBCEAN

The interpretations of archaeological record and the social, ethnocultural and technological reconstructions based on them imply the need for complex interdisciplinary research. Any reconstruction is rather hypothetical and relative, using some ethnographic analogies in order to argue that it must be done with caution. Numerous ethnoarchaeological studies, by researching living cultures for the purpose of interpreting archaeological remains, contribute to the generalization of analogies and the diversification of interpretation versions. Ethnoarchaeology, which studies living cultures from an archaeological perspective, manifests itself as ethnography for archaeology. The mission of ethnoarchaeology consists in proposing a set of approaches, which replace the simple correlation with ethnographic data, elaborating models of analogies that can be used in the analysis of archaeological data and in the verification of hypothetical reconstructions.

17-22

Authors: Александр ПОНОМАРЁВ

The article considers one of the little-studied periods in the biography of the Russian commander Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov during the Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774. It is based on the report of the prime major of the Nizhegorodsky Carabinier Regiment Mikhail Kutuzov dated January 10, 1769, from which it is clear that the injured military man considers himself unfit for further military service. Based on little-known documents, the participation of Prime Major Mikhail Kutuzov in the conduct of the population census, known as the “Rumyantsev census of Little Russia” in the period from the autumn of 1766 to the spring of 1767, is especially noted. The participation of Kutuzov in the Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774 is shown, based on the panegerically-compiled biography of the commander. At the same time, the glorification of Kutuzov is shown by means of mass propaganda at different times, which made it possible to create the image of a “brilliant” commander.

31-40

Authors: István BANDI

After the Second World War, the first president of Hungary was forced to resign on August 31, 1948. In all states that entered the Soviet sphere of interest, such methods of acquiring power became common. The construction of Soviet-style communism in the states of Central and Eastern Europe began with the acquisition of political power. This process of coercive transformation with some phase lags prevailed first in the Balkans, then in Poland and finally in the Czech Republic, Romania and Hungary. In the latter, the communists who came to power with rigged blue card elections also removed the last institution of the bourgeois democratic system, the President of the Republic. All these political events can be studied in the CNSAS archive in Bucharest, where those materials, collected in an extremely systematic way, ordered by the former Romanian secret services, are deposited. The monitoring of the inter-na¬tional media by the contemporary Romanian authorities about Hungary, on the one hand, offers a detailed presentation of the internal political struggles, and on the other, a perspective on the assertion of political interests in the international diplomacy of the neighboring states. How Hungary was seen at the international level and what the Romanian political leadership focused on, we learn from this paper.

46-56

Authors: Demir DRAGNEV, Ion Valer XENOFONTOV

Nikolai Mohov was born on November 26/December 9, 1904, in the village of Mostovoe, Krasnodar Territory, Russian Empire. Initially, in his autobiography, in the chapter on social origin, he noted that he “came from a peasant family, and my father, in addition to agricultural activity, was engaged in various industrial activities, sometimes doing menial work”. On February 3, 1955, being forced by certain circumstances, he made an annotation to the biographical note in which he specified that his father owned an oil mill that employed 3-5 workers. In his autobiography of November 14, 1971, he noted: “my father was from the midfield, then he became a kulak”. This biographical “stain” will mark his professional path, but also the form of obedience to the political system of the time. That is why it is no coincidence that in a characte¬ristic issued by the administration of the Academy of Sciences of the Moldovan SSR it was noted that he is "Honest. Industrious. With impeccable morals. Servant of the Party and the people". His private biography, but also his scientific activity, is conclusive in this regard.

63-68

Authors: Liliana BOTNARI

The notions norm and literary language have constantly generated debates, being inseparable from each other and often qualified with similar features by the linguists. The norm is always determined by the natural variability, evolving and presenting fluctuations related to the development and natural evolution of the speaking community, it is a set of rules included in normative grammars, dictionaries and other similar works. Therefore, the periodic return to these notions is natural, or, the norm has a stable character in synchrony, at a certain moment, and dynamic on a diachronic level, being characterized by a continuous process of evolution and improvement, under the use’s authority, functioning in accordance with the requirements of the social reality.

73-76

Authors: Ana FERAFONTOV

The pamphlet is characterized by a series of features that individualize it in relation to other publishing species. In terms of form, we mention breviloquence – the pamphlet is a concise writing. The pamphlet addresses current topics, especially from the socio-political sphere, and is characterized by continuous adaptability: the pamphleteers constantly seek to adapt their discourse according to the topics covered, social changes and the evolution of language. At the same time, the one-sided nature of the pamphleteer's exposition must be emphasized, since reality is presented only from one perspective, as the pamphleteer sees it. Also, the pamphlet is characterized by humor, by the rhetorical side of the speech, by honesty. As for the actual language of the pamphlet, we note that it is characterized by increased expressiveness, violence and a high degree of creativity. All of the features of the pamphlet contribute to the creation of the pamphlet tone and the construction of an unmistakable style.

82-86

Authors: Carolina GABURA

The narrative regime is a set of conventions and rules that, being organized hierarchically in a system, determine the narrative code and, at the same time, a specific manner of enunciation. The narrator and his discourse are, indisputably, fundamental conventions for the establishment of the heterodiegetic or homodiegetic narrative regime. The heterodiegetic regime is established by a heterodiegetic narrator, who presents the novelistic world from the „behind” and/or „outside” perspective, representing a center of orientation for the reader. The homodiegetic regime is established by a homodiegetic „I” who, within the action, has the role of protagonist, witness or reporter of what is being narrated and who reflects the events from the „along with” perspective. In this way, depending on the role of the narrator in the action, the center of orientation is located differently, which gives the narrative regime a special specificity.

97-101

Authors: Ксения ГОНЧАРОВА

In this article is implemented an attempt to confirm the philosophical status of Russian religious philosophy by searching for some field in Russian philosophers’ thought, in which they managed to say something radically novel. That area, according to the author of the paper, is the reflection on the Church. Taking Pavel Florensky as an example, the article demonstrates that the Church in Russian religious thought is comprehended not theologically, sociologically, historically or culturally, but precisely philosophically. Florensky does not think about the Church as the “bride of Christ” or try to understand its relationship with the secular authorities, or call to find its earthly origins. The philosopher embeds the Church in the ontological structure of the world as a necessary element of its realization through a specific understanding of man and his need for language and cult.