International Journal of General Engineering and Technology

1-6

Authors: Archana. V & Merline Sheela. A

Due to industrialization and developmental activities nowadays water resources are polluted severely. Among the polluting industries, match industries are playing a major role. Sivakasi is a town situated in Tamil Nadu, India is having a number of match industries. For various processes during the manufacturing of matchsticks harmful chemicals are used. The wastewater generated from the match industries is creating problems due to contamination of groundwater and river water nearby Sivakasi. An attempt was made to treat the wastewater using bacterial species viz., Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida. Water samples were collected from wells of Sivakasi and analyzed for the parameters viz., BOD, COD, Nitrates, Phosphates, and Sulphates and it was found that all the parameters were exceeding the permissible limit. The water samples were inoculated with a pure culture of Bacillus subtilis and mixed cultures of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida at different pH conditions (5.5, 6.5 and 7.5). The results revealed that at pH 7.5 the removal efficiency of the pollutants was higher. Also when the mixed microbial consortium was used the efficiency was more when compared with the inoculation of single bacterial culture. At pH 7.5 with mixed culture the percent removal of various pollutants viz., BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate, and Sulphate was 80, 73, 68, 66 and 62 respectively,

21-30

Authors: K. Rani, V. Sridevi, .R. Srinu Venkat Rao, K. Vijay Kumar & N. Harsha

In whole world, cane molasses base distilleries are included under one of the polluting industries in concern to water pollution. After fermentation remains waste from bottom of distillation columns, termed stillage. This highly aqueous residue containing organic soluble is considered a troublesome and potentially polluting waste due to its extremely high BOD and COD values. The typical odour emanating from distilleries is a major nuisance. The color of the spent wash interferes with its oxygenation and self purification. The treatment of distillery wastes is a priority area for environmental sustenance and its quality. Due to the large volumes of effluents and presence of certain recalcitrant compounds the treatment of this stream is rather challenging by conventional methods. Therefore to supplement the existing treatments, a number of studies encompassing physic-chemical and biological treatments have been conducted. This review presents an account of the problem, biological treatment methods and role of enzymes in decolorizing waste water.

1 - 18

Authors: Mohamed Ali Mutar & Farah Safi Khliwi

Binder is an important ingredient in pigment coating as it is used to impart adhesion, gloss and flexibility to the dried film as well as binding the pigment particles together. Series of emulsion methacrylic copolymers having different composition ratios of methylacrylicacid (MAA) with butylacrylate (BuA), methylmethacrylate (MMA), styrene, poly vinyl alcohol (P.V.A) were prepared and characterized. The preparation was carried out in industrial scale in batch reactor at pH 7, using potassium persulphate(KPS) and Sodium metabisulfate (Na2S2O5) as an initiators, Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonic acid SDBA as an emulsifier,and sodium dodecyl sulfonic acid SDBAS as co-emulsifier in presence of tri metylchlorosilane(TMCS) at 70oC for 4 hours. The chemical structures of the prepared binders were characterized by FTIR and 1HNMRspectra. The various physic-chemical properties ofemulsion methacrylic copolymers including density, viscosity, chemical resistance and volatile matter were studied. The resultsshow thatemulsion acrylic copolymers are readily soluble in aprotic polar solvents such as (Toluene, Acetone, Benzene, xylene, DMF, DMSO, Methanol, and ethanol) without being in need for heating.The obtained emulsion copolymers had high solid content and were used in emulsion paints as binder. The experimental results show that these polymers supply very useful properties such as high anticorrosive. The binder film are evaluated by measuring their chemical resistance. Thermal analysis of emulsion copolymers are conducted by using thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal differential calorimeter (DSC) techniques, which reveals that theemulsion acrylic polymers possess thermal stability.

1 - 16

Authors: Manal A. Seif & Shaimaa M. Ahmed

Surface design is the coloring, patterning, structuring, and transformation of fabric, fiber, and other materials. Printing is a common technique used to create colored patterns on fabric. Many designs or finishes are applied to fabric surface by methods such as dyeing or printing. These methods generally hold the use of chemical finish, mechanical finish, or both. Most of these finishes create a change in the texture of the surface and hand of the fabric and in sequence the behaviour of fabric properties. The scope in this research is to determine the impact of different printing techniques on changing the textile properties behavior by seamed and non-seamed fabrics. Three printing methods were applied, the traditional methods batik printing and tie-dying printing and the third method is the digital printing. Chosen fabrics were sewn with two different stitch types in three levels of stitch lengths. The properties investigated were tensile strength and elongation, seam pucker, bending stiffness, dimensional stability and colour fastness. Results were statically analyzed and discussed. They confirmed the tight effect of the different printing methods on changing the properties under the study.

1-20

Authors: G. Resconi & K. Nagata

We implement the Deutsch problems and Berstein Varizani method and others, by one step method- The one step method means built unitary transformation by which, we can compute the linear coefficient to solve the quantum computer problems with logic gates obtained by linear coefficients in superposition methods. We remark a string analogy between neural network and quantum computers