International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Nilesh B Italiya, Manish V Patel, S N Gupta and Tapankumar M

A 35 years old male patient came to P D Patel Ayurveda Hospital, Nadiad with the complaints of periorbital puffiness on face, pedal edema, weakness, anorexia and massive proteinuria since last 45 days. He was treated with Āyurvedic drugs as an outdoor patient for 6 months period. Āyurvedic preparations like Varuṇādi kvātha, Haritkyādi kvātha, Gokṣurādi guggulu, and Tablet Uricare, Bhūmyāmalakicurṇa and Rasāyana cūrṇa were given. After 6 months of treatment patient responded very well through Āyurvedic management without need of hospitalization, human albumin infusion and cortico-steroid medicaments. All of his complaints like, pedal edema, weakness, lack of appetite and puffiness of the face disappeared.

5

Authors: Vijay Ganpatrao Bodkhe

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Malatyadi Tailam and Til Tailam in the treatment of Khalitya. The other objectives were to study the overall benefits of Malatyati Tailam in hair fall, scalp itching, boils, dryness of hair, fine flakes, dandruff, and hair texture. Methodology: Forty patients aged between 18 to 40 years fulfilling the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Khalitya were selected randomly from O. P. D. and I.P.D section of P.P.J.G.M. Ayurved Hospital Boradi Dist. Dhule. The independent and dependent variables causing Khalitya were identified. The structured questionnaires were given to patients at day 1, 15 and at one month to know the effect of Malatyadi Tailam for the sign and symptoms of hair fall, scalp itching, boils, dryness of hair, fine flakes, dandruff, and hair texture. Follow-up visit was performed at day 45. Results: Four patients from the Malatyadi Tailam group had complete relief in sign and symptoms; however no patients from the Til Tailam group had complete relief after one month of treatment. No recurrence of signs and symptoms were observed in Malatyadi Tailam group whereas from the Til Tailam group of 20 patients itching and fine flakes noted as recurrent sign and symptoms in nine patients. Thirteen patients from the Malatyadi group have at least one score improvement compared to baseline, however only seven patients have at least one score improvement from the Til Tailam group. Three patients had no signs of improvement after treatment with Malatyadi Tailam. Overall, the effect of Malatyadi Tailam was significant compared to Til Tailam in patients with Khalitya and use of Malatyadi Tailam was safe and well tolerated

5

Authors: Shaina Sharma and Vasantha Kalyani

Zika Virus is the new threat to the human beings which gets transmitted from the infected mosquitoes. It can cause mild fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis, muscle pain, joint pain and headaches. Diagnosis is done with the help of lab tests to find out the presence of Zika virus in blood or the body fluids. Till date no vaccine is available to cure the disease but one should focus on the preventive measures to protect himself/herself from Zika virus infection.

6

Authors: Udaya Ganesha B and Bhgyashree.N

Abhyanga is one of the poorvakarma of panchakarma. Abhyanga is not merely a body massage but it has strong systemic action too. It plays major role in bringing the morbid materials from tissues to gastro intestinal tract thereby aids in panchakarma to eliminate it out of the body through shodhana (purificatory measures). Thus abhyanga is part and parcel of penta bio purification.

6

Authors: Radhika Pachouri, Ankur Dixit and Vidyanath R

Urticaria also referred as ‘hives’ is fairly common condition characterized by transient swelling of the skin associated with itching and burning sensation. Urticaria has multifactorial aetiology including allergy (for food, drug etc.), worm infestation, auto immune pathology. In avyurvedashitapitta having the same symptoms can be correlated to urticaria. This is caused by the contact of cold air. This work is an approach to pacify the symptoms and the undergoing pathology with some ayurvedic recipes w. s. r. to Trachyspermumammi (ajowain) also known as bishop’s weed.

6

Authors: Somil Dubey and G. Rama Mohan Rao

Dhatura (Dhaturametel) is a well-known drug for curing pain related with swelling of body parts. Rasatarangni has mentioned its external application in various forms for Vatavikaras, so as Bhavaprakasha1 in vatavyadhi. A snehapakakalpana is mentioned in Rasatarnagni with leaves of Dhatura(Dhaturametel) and katutaila(mustard oil) for Mamsagatavata(muscular dystrophy) as external application2 . Snehapāka was subjected according to the general rule of snehakalpanai.e in ratio of 1 part Kalka (fine paste of Dhaturametel leaves), 4 parts of Katutaila(Mustard oil) and 16 parts of water to that of kalka3 . It was to heat until the taila siddha laksanaswere obtained. After preparation of oil it was subjected for organolepticanalysis as mentioned in API Part II protocols. The results obtained were ash value .03%, loss of drying at 105°C w/w .02%, refractive index at 40°C 1.4665, acid value 1.81, saponification value 170.15, iodine value 104.66, and volatile matter 5.24% w/w as per API- II protocols.

7

Authors: Neelam Choudhary

In Ayurveda, Kupipakwa rasayana kalpana is the most popular, unique and highly significant pharmaceutical preparation of the suddha parada and suddha gandhaka and is prepared in kachkupi (glass bottle). Sameera Pannaga Rasa is an arsenal mercurial formulation mentioned in Rasa Chandanshu. It is a Kupipakwa Rasayana containing heavy metal contents such as Parada (Hg), Somala (As2O3), Haratala (As2S3) and Manahshila (As2S2). It is mentioned in Rasa Chandanshu in which Manahshila is not a component and later on it has been added by Ayurveda Aaushadhi Guna Dharma Shashtra. It is a very effective medicine and has been used extensively for Tamaka Shwarsa (bronchial asthama) type of Shwasa Roga. In the rasa classics sameera pannag rasa has its own significant role to eliminate the doshas4 like Tridoshagn, Sandhivata, Unamad, Shwas (Bronchial asthma), kasha (cough), Jwar, Pneumonia, etc. In this article, Sameera Pannaga Rasa is prepared using references mentioned in AFI in the standard laboratory and temperature conditions. While preparing Sameera Pannaga Rasa standard temperature conditions are maintained and necessary precautions are maintained during each stage. The Sameera Pannaga obtained was brick-red in colour and total yield was 150 grams which included 100 gms of Talastha and 50 gms of Kanthastha. Finally, we have presented the pharmaceutical preparation of Sameera Pannaga Rasa with special reference to the different temperature stages during its preparation

7

Authors: Nitesh Meghwani and A.B. Deshmukh

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is one among the lifestyle disorder in present era. CVS is a complex of ocular and visual problem due to near work which is experienced during the use of computer and television. It leads to ocular and systemic discomfort. Computer users will often assume awkward postures in order to position their eyes so that they can perform their work and develop musculoskeletal symptoms such as neck, back, and shoulder pain, eyestrain, blurred vision and dry eyes. Modern medicines do not have a definite treatment for this problem except lubricating eye drops whereas Ayurvedic Kriakalpas (i.e. Ayurvedic local ocular therapies) could suggest definite treatment to cure the CVS. Aksitarpan is one of ocular therapies which is done in CVS as it is a local refreshing and nourishing therapy. Anjana is also one of Ayurvedic kriyakalpas which helps in improving the condition of CVS. Yoga and Pranayama has a crucial role in CVS. Regular eye exercise is advised in patients of CVS. Tratak is a method of meditation which involves Concentrating on a single point such as a small object, black dot or a candle flame. Therefore, an Ayurvedic approach in understanding the samprapti and management thereafter is hypothesized for CVS.

8

Authors: Vishakha Rajesh Wetal and Rajendra Huprikar

Background - Amavata is madhyammargashrit (pertaining to bones, joints and vital point) disease. Aggravated Vata and Ama are the core factors taking part in the pathogenesis of Amavata. Basti (therapeutic medicated enema) is important treatment for Vatadosha and Vaitarana Basti (VB) is indicated in Amavata. Thus it was chosen for the study. In this study, a total 21 patients of Amavata were registered and all patients completed the treatment. Method - As Vaitarana is a Kshar-basti, Basti treatment was started first with Matrabasti(oil enema of 60ml dose) of sesame oil to gain pakvashayasnigdhata (oleation of bowels). After that one MatraBasti was followed after every two VB. Total seven Bastis were given to every patient. Basti was instilled as explained in texts (pre Basti management, Basti procedure, postBasti management). Results–Pain assessment was done with Oxford Pain Chart and results were analyzed statistically, using students‘t’ test. Calculated p-value was p<0.001. Hence VB provided significant pain relief in Amavata. It was observed that there was 50% relief in bodyache and all other symptoms of Amavata on fourth day of VB while up to seventh day total relief was obtained for these symptoms. Total recovery was achieved in 38.1% patients followed by good relief in 57.14% patients. Conclusion–VB proved highly significant in Amavata.

8

Authors: Kashyap Chauhan, Mahesh Vyas , Harisha CR and AS Baghel

Phaseolus radiates is commonly known as Green gram (Mudga) belonging to family Fabaceae. Mudga (Phaseolus radiates linn) is described in Ayurveda under the classification of Shami Dhanya (Pulses). Mudga is considered best in the form of soup among all pulses. It is Kashaya (astringent) and Madhura (sweet) in taste, Katu (pungent) in Vipaka, Ruksha (ununctuous), Sheeta (cold), Laghu (light) and Vishada in properties. It alleviates the vitiated Khapha and Pitta. Mudga is one of the most cherished foods in the ancient holistic medicine practice. It is indicated for many diseases such as Agnimandya, Jwara (Fever), Prameha (Diabetes Mellitus), Sthaulya (obesity), Gulma, Kasa (Coughing), Atisara (Diarrhea) and Chhardi (Vomiting) etc. Hence, Mudga in the form of Yusha (soup) is selected for the management of Agnimandya. The present study was aimed at setting up a standard profile of Mudga through the Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis as per standard protocol. The observations were systematically recorded. Organoleptic features of coarse powder were harmonized with API. The pH value was 4, water soluble extract 13.9% w/w, methanol soluble extract 5.96%, ash value 3.7% and loss on drying 6.35%. HPTLC was carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum6 spots were distinguished at 254 nm and 1 spots at 366 nm.

9

Authors: Yogesh Shivaji Chavan and Atul Vitthal Patil

Mukta (Pearl) is a shining pearly white hard object found in some sea shells. Due to its attractive appearance it is widely used in jewelry, cosmetics as well as in stylish clothing. Pearl is also considered as ratna or gemstone corresponding to planet moon. Pearl is formed by deposition of several concentric layers of calcium carbonate and conchiolin around central nucleus. A Pearl which spontaneously occurs in nature usually on sea shores is called as Natural Pearl. Cultured pearl or artificial pearl is formed after human intervention in natural pearl formation. Round shaped pearl is considered as good but round pearl is rare. An oval and other shape of pearl is usually found. Uses of Pearl in ayurvedic medicine are mentioned since time of charaka and sushruta. In Rasashastra classics Pearl is mentioned in Ratnavarga. Mukta or pearl is having sheeta, Madhur, laghu properties. Hence beneficial to cure pitta and kapha vitiated diseases. Purification and incineration processes are also mentioned in Rasashastra classics which makes pearl more potent to cure diseases. Mukta is very useful in Amlapitta, Jwara, Chhardi, trishna, Daah diseases.

9

Authors: Mrudula Joshi and Ashwini Patil

Ayurveda is the science of life. The ultimate goal of Ayurveda is maintenance of health, prevention of disease and subsequent cure of the diseases. In this regard Dincharya, ritucharya and sadvrutta plays an important role for the prevention of diseases. The classics have explained these conducts thousands of years before. According to Ayurveda to maintain a healthy and disease free life one should follow a daily routine or schedule. Dincharya is one of the best things that one can do to prevent disease, stay in balance and treat almost every illness. Many conducts are depicted in Ayurveda classics for the same to be followed daily under the caption Dincharya. If Dincharya is to be incorporated today, there should be amendments in the procedures without agitating the basic principles. But fundamental procedures should be practiced as mentioned in the text. A small activity done regularly is always more beneficial than a great activity done irregularly. To evaluate the role of Dincharya in improvement of health and prevention of diseases was the aim of present research project. At the end of this pilot work it is observed that Dincharya improves our sharir-indriya-manas bala (strength) and Vyadhikshamatva(Immunity) ,which helps us to keep away from vyadhi.

9

Authors: Oyin Pertin, Kanika Goswami and Swapan Kr. Chakraborty

Ayurveda is a science of life. Ayurveda states that Arogya (good health) stands at the root for attainment of Dharma (virtuous acts), Artha (wealth), Kama (gratification of desire) and Moksha (salvation). In varsha ritu (monsoon), the people are susceptible to diseases owning to their decrease immunity, dehabala (body strength) and agnibala (digestion strength).With an aim to keep people healthy in this season, Ayurveda has mentioned the concept of varsharitucharya.

9

Authors: Mamata N. Ganorkar (Adhao) and Rajendra B. Urade

Herbal medicines (phytotherapeuticagents) have reached extensive acceptability as therapeutic agent for several diseases like diabetics, liver diseases, cough remedies, memory enhancers. They are standardized herbal preparations consisting of complex mixtures of one or more plants in the crude or processed state.A marked growth in the worldwide phytotherapeutic market has occurred over last 25 years and has thus attracted the interest of most large pharmaceutical companies including the multinationals. But the idea that herbal drugs are safe and free from side effect is false. Plants contain hundreds of constituents and some of them are very toxic. It may be contaminated with excessive or banned pesticides,microbial contaminants, heavy metalsor adulterated. So the safety, quality control and standardization is major challenge. Standardization is an important step for the establishment of a consistent biological activity, a consistent chemical profile or simply quality assurance program for production and manufacturing of herbal drug. The paper illustrateSafety, Quality Control and various techniques employed for standardization of herbal medicine.

11

Authors: Sakhitha K. S and K. Shankar Rao

Safety and efficacy of Rasa medicines has been a topic of discussion since a long time. Issues are also raised regarding the heavy metal contents in rasa preparations. No doubt, preparation of rasa medicines by stringently adhering to our classical methods has always resulted in quality products. Bhasma preparations are one of the unique dosage forms where metals and minerals are converted in to safe and effective remedies through a series of pharmaceutical processing methods envisaged by the ancient Acharyas. They had their own parameters which guaranteed quality, safety and efficacy of prepared Bhasma. Though these methods are excellent and time tested and the bhasmas passing all these tests are indeed of high quality, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the structural and chemical aspects of various bhasma and also the complex reaction taking place between the metallic ions and the phytoconstituents of plants used in the pharmaceutics of bhasma. It is here that the importance of adopting modern technology can be looked up on. Modern analytical instrumentation methods play an important role in the characterization of bhasma. Utilizing XRD, advanced spectrometric techniques like AAS,ICPMS etc for analysis of bhasmas can put aside some of the allegations faced by the rasa medicines and at the same time elevate this ancient science of metallo - therapeutics to the level of global acceptance. Present review highlights various instrumentation techniques that can be incorporated for the characterization of bhasma preparations.

11

Authors: Shilpa Kant Dwivedi

Since long time, herbs and herbal products are used and new researches and discoveries are made in this direction to serve the humanity in a more better and affordable way. Ayurveda, the science of life has provided so much valuable information thus making it easy for the researchers to assess the proper source and follow proper guidelines in order to get fruitful results. In today’s world of advanced science people still looks up to Ayurveda when it comes to the treatment of chronic disorders or beautification of skin, the main reason being the minimal adverse effects produced by these drugs. Among the large spectrum of beauty products the demand of herbal products is on a rise. People prefer drugs of plant origin for skin care due to their low costs, less side effects and wonderful results. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. is selected for the study of complexion enhancement viz. Varnya karma according to Ayurveda. The drug is selected from the Varnya mahakashaya of Charak samhita, sutrasthan, chapter four and it is also a valuable researched drug in modern cosmetic industry. Classical reference is to use it internally as kashaya for complexion benefits whereas now days it is a very popular drug used for skin whitening as an ingredient of creams and lotions. The work is to confirm and prove that for skin problems direct application of drug is more adept than systemic administration and herbs can be used directly for local requirement.

11

Authors: Satyawati Rathia, V. K. Kori , Rajagopala S. and K.S. Patel

The word “Swarna Prashana” is a combination of two words – “Swarna” and “Prashana”. The term Swarna is a common word and refers to the noble metal Gold. Prashana refers to the act of eating or consuming or ingesting. Health is a condition when the individual is in complete accord with the surroundings, while disease is loss of ease to the body (dis-ease), so disease is opposite of health. In this broader sense, it includes injuries, disabilities, disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behavior. Vyadhikshamatva is the strength to protect the body against diseases; it is also called body resistance. It depends on Bala, Balavardhakabhava, Prakrita Kapha and Ojas. There is great decrease in the quality of health status of humans from generation to generation; tolerance to allergic factors, tiredness and resistance to diseases has greatly diminished. For the health promotion and longevity of life span, Samskara, Lehana and Rasayana drugs, Swarna Prashana etc. are mentioned for children in Ayurveda.

14

Authors: Sheetal Asutkar, Yogita Bende, Veena Himanshu Sharma , Varsha P.Jadhao , Vasudha G.Asutkar5 and Chetan Gulhane

Ayurveda is the ancient system of Indian medicine in which the importance of both prevention and cure are highlighted. As per the Ayurvedic texts, The tridoshas are the main causative factors in the pathogenesis of any disease. Specific management for individual doshas have been elaborated in all Ayurvedic texts. In Ayurveda, a special procedure called Nasya karma has been mentioned. It is an alternative route of drug administration for most of the drugs that act on brain. Nasya is given in the form of oil, ghee, smoke, powder and herbal juice depending upon the nature of disease. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Nasya drugs and the connection of nose with brain is explained in the Ayurvedic classics. Nasya karma provides an alternative route to drug delivery to the brain with safe and efficacious formulations for simple, painless and long‐term therapy