Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine

76-81

Authors: Balaji Arumugam, Iyappan. M, Hariharan. N, Reddy R G, Selvaraju K S, Franklin Roy. J

Background: Despite the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and co-morbidities, the essential attributes of the patient and family approach of care, are still to be defined in terms of disease-specific approaches. Effective improvements in family-based approach will require alternative ways of thinking about chronic care design and practice. Objectives: The study was designed with the objectives of assessing the approach of the family members towards chronic disease persons in their family. Methodology: The study was conducted as a community based cross sectional study during November and December 2013, in a nearby village among the families affected from any of the chronic disease. The study participants were selected randomly from the community and they were interviewed using a preformed pretested questionnaire after getting the informed consent. The questionnaire includes general information about the family and the person affected from the chronic disease, money spent, duration of disease, approach of the family members towards the diseased person. The data were analyzed using EPI-INFO software version 3.5.1. Results: A total of 105 persons were interviewed, among whom 44 (41.9%) were suffered from Diabetes Mellitus, 14 (13.3%) were having Hypertension, tuberculosis 9 (8.6%), Osteoarthritis 8 (7.6%) and the remaining had co-morbid chronic diseases. Among the family members 82 (78.1%) had satisfactory attitude towards the diseased persons. Around 52 (49.5%) ignore the diseased persons for celebrations, 35 (33.3%) ignore them for decision making, 23 (21.9%) gave a separate room and 18 (17.1%) felt that treatment expenditure as waste of money. As far as the knowledge, attitude and practice were concerned, attitude and practice were associated (p < 0.05) with lesser age group and nuclear family using chi-square test. Conclusion: Our study had concluded that the overall approach and knowledge, attitude and practice of the family members towards the chronic illness patients in their family was not satisfactory.

87-90

Authors: Balaji Digamber Almale, Seema S Bansode-Gokhe, Sudam Rambhau Suryawanshi, Ashok Jaykumar Vankudre,

Introduction: The police as one of the visible important component governance and control have always been under intense scrutiny and hence vulnerable to wide spread criticism. Growing unemployment, increasing violence and rising expectations of the people have caused serious challenges before police. They work routinely for 12 hours or more often goes a couple of days nonstop at police station with a catnap in between. The truth is that many policemen live lives of fatigue and despair so the objective of present study was to find health status of Mumbai police. Aim and Objective: To study health profile of Mumbai Police Material Methods: The present study was conducted in Mumbai district selected police stations. A multistage and systematic random sampling technique was used to represent a total of 276 policemen out of 40,000 police population. Results: We found 40-50 age groups predominant among policemen. Maximum policemen were married (91%). Educational qualification in policemen were secondary (36.2%), higher secondary (48.6%), graduation and above (15.2%). In our study 55% were addicted to nicotine alcohol abuse in 26% policemen. Most of the policemen were complaining of musculoskeletal problems (62.7%), gastrointestinal problem (51.8%), and dental problems (41%). Prevalence of hypertension was 42.4%. Forty eight percentage policemen were pre obese while 20% obese in this study. Conclusion: policemen require periodic medical examination to remain healthy. Government machinery require to look into the health problems of Mumbai policemen to form a comphrsnvice health insurance policy. Periodic counselling is required on health issue as well as job stressor from team consisting of specialist in medicine, psycharity, dieticians and psychologist.

95-99

Authors: Kamlesh Jain, Bala DV, Kartik Trivedi, Haresh Chandwani

Background: Medical Certification Cause of Death (MCCD) Scheme is an important tool to obtain reliable and scientific information in terms of causes of mortality. In India still MCCD are registered only in 14% case of all death. The present study was conducted to assess the accuracy and completeness of the Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (MCCD) forms, study the leading causes of death derived from the MCCD forms and to find out the life expectancy at birth in male and female. Methodology: A total of 7392 MCCD forms were available during one year from the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation’s Registrar Birth and death office and all of them were scrutinized for the completeness of the certificate and tried to find out the cause of death in which underlying cause of death was written. Data collected was analyzed using Epi-Info software (version 6.04d). Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: Out of total 7392 MCCD forms, 7336 (99.2%) mentioned age and 7299 (98.7) mentioned sex of the deceased person. Only 151(2.04%) forms were completely filled. The completeness for immediate cause, antecedent cause, and underlying cause was 95.56%, 66.67% and 40% respectively. Main leading cause of death in the present study was disease of circulatory system 868(29.35%), followed by Neoplasm (16.54%) and Certain infectious and parasitic disease (16.44%). Conclusion: The present study showed incompletely and inaccurately filled MCCD forms. Therefore adequate training and proper sensitization of the private and government doctors regarding the usefulness of MCCD data is required.

106-109

Authors: Suresha, Manjunatha S N

Background: Biomedical waste management is an important area in hospital safety and sanitation. Despite the presence of legislation there are many concerns and deficiencies in the optimum practice of the guidelines prescribed. Hospital waste produced is hazardous and carries variety of health risks, if not handled and disposed properly. The target group affected is vast, starting from doctors, patients, general public and waste handers. Teaching hospitals should act as leaders in following the right practices and should also involve themselves in training other health professionals in the appropriate hospital waste management. So it becomes imperative for the teaching hospitals to adopt the best practices in this area. Method: The study was undertaken to study the current practices of hospital waste management at K.R. Hospital & Cheluvamba Hospital, attached to Mysore Medical College, Mysore. It was a cross sectional study done using a checklist. Thirteen major departments in the two hospitals were selected for the study. The questionnaire was administered to the staff nurses in these locations to know their knowledge and attitude regarding safe hospital waste management. Results: 48.7% of Staff nurses were trained but showing poor level of knowledge regarding color coding used for different categories and their method of disposal. Majority were not using protective devices provided to them showing lack of attitude. From the observation made we could see that basic facilities like colour buckets, bags, needle burners were missing in many locations and in most of the locations waste produced was not being properly processed in the next stage, showing that none of them could ensure for safe waste management without break in the series. Conclusions: Periodic training, supervision and monitoring by staff and strengthening of the infrastructure are required.

118-121

Authors: Makandar U.K, Abdul Ravoof, Rajendra R., Patil B.G.

1189. Non-Pathological adult crania are studied, out of them 510 Male crania and 251 Female crania are from North India while 285 Male and 143 Female crania are from South India. Prevalence of Metopism in the North Indian Male crania is 12 crania (2.35%) and female crania is 5 Crania (1.99%) while. In South Indian Crania the prevalence of Metopism was in Male 11 Crania (3.85%) in female it was 5 Crania (3.49%). It is observed that, Prevalence was more in South Indian Crania of both sexes as compared to North India. It is also observed that, Prevalence of Metopism is more in Male Crania of North India & South Indian Crania compared to female crania of both North and South India. Previous workers have studied only regional or racial skull but the sexual dimorphism and regional comparison this study appears to be new method. Study is important for anthropologist, anatomist and medico-legal expert above all to radiologist & Neurosurgeon who confuse in the fracture of crania1.