International Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology Research

Number Vol. 2(9), 2014

180-190
Modelling of Gaseous Emission Rate for Obsolete Eposand Incineration Process in Placid Air Environment

Authors: *M.F.N Abowei, S. K. Asiagbe, and M. Elekwa

Abstract

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Eposand chemical specie is an epoxy used for sand consolidation beneath the soil during drilling operations. The disposal of the absolete eposand specie is a problem due to its ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity and toxicity resulting to carcinogenic effect upon human exposure. Hence incineration option using scrubber facility is applied for its disposal procedure. Therefore, this work investigates gaseous emissions rate resulting from eposand chemical incineration process at no perturbation air interphase using Fibow Horizontal Multiphase Flow Chamber Incinerator (FHMFCI). In addition, a theoretical predictive emission rate model is developed using coupled integral and Abowei modified dimensional analysis approach. The predictive model provided a basis for the computation of bulk concentration as a function of eposand quantity, time and temperature. The theoretically developed model was simulated using MATLAB R2007b techniques and the results compared with those of the experimental. Both experimental and theoretical techniques demonstrated high degree of precision and compatibility. Keywords: Concentration, Distribution, Eposand Incineration, Placid, Environment.

191-198
Effect of Siting Boreholes and Septic Tanks on Groundwater Quality in St. Bonaventure Township of Lusaka District, Zambia

Authors: Mr. Luke John Banda1*, Mr. Allan Rabson Mbewe1, Dr. Selestine H. Nzala2 and Dr. Hikabasa Halwindi1

Abstract

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Number of views: 574

The general objective of the study was to assess the effect of siting boreholes and septic tanks in the same area on the quality of groundwater in St. Bonaventure township of Lusaka District. A cross-sectional study was conducted in St. Bonaventure township involving 55 households. The study site was purposively selected because all households in the township used septic tanks and boreholes for human waste treatment and drinking water supply respectively. Households were randomly sampled from a total of 490 households using stratified systematic method because of the differences in plot sizes. Groundwater samples were collected, distances from groundwater sources to soakaways were measured and direction of groundwater flow was obtained from the department of Water affairs. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine relationships between variables. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study showed that about 33 percent of the groundwater samples were contaminated with harmful bacteria. The study revealed that only direction of groundwater flow had a relationship with groundwater quality and there was no relationship between distance from borehole to soakaway and groundwater quality. Siting boreholes and septic tank systems in the same piece of land is not suitable for St. Bonaventure township. Keywords: Lusaka, Groundwater quality, Borehole, Septic tank, Soakaway, Faecal coliform, Total coliform, Bacteriological contamination.