Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal

116 – 129

Authors: Azhar Mahdi Al-Abbasi

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted in a private nursery during 1/10/2011 - 30/3/2012 to study the effect of three concentrations of vitamin B1 (0, 10 and 20 mg.l -1 ) and four kinds of irrigation water salinity 0.928 (Tap water), 3.5, 7 and 10.5 ppt on germination and plant growth of Sweet Pea at Basrah governorate. Data were tabulated on germination percentage, germination date, plant length, root system length, dry vegetative system and root system dry matter, total soluble carbohydrates content in vegetative system and root system, , protein content in vegetative system and root system, and ratio of root system dry weight to vegetative system dry weight in a factorial experiment designed with CRD in three replications. Results showed a significant increase in all tabulated growth indicators as the concentration of vitamin B1 increased except germination date for it accelerated germination process and the concentration 20 mg.l -1 of B1 gave a significant difference than the other two ones ; on the other hand all parameters were decreased significantly whenever irrigation water salinity was higher except germination date for it prolonged germination period. The interactions between the two factors was found significant in some of germination and growth parameters. Key words: Lathyrus odoratus , vitamin B1 , irrigation water salinity, vegetative growth. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6 (2) 116 – 129 ,2014

1-10

Authors: Al-Qazzaz . M.F .

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of using Pomegranate Peel extract on spent hen meat on some physical and chemical characteristics. The minced hen meat was immersed separately in 0, 0.5, 1and 1.5% of the Pomegranate Peel extract. Meat samples were stored individually for 0.3 and 6 week at -18 C° . The results showed the immersion of minced spent hen with Pomegranate Peel extract a significant decrease (P<0.05) in water holding capacity, pH, metmyoglobin pigment, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and a Simple decrease in cooking loss , drip loss. Also a significant increase (P<0.05) in concentration of myoglobin. It can be concluded that immersion of minced spent hen meat in Pomegranate Peel extract improve the quality of meat when stored under frozen -180 C up to 6 weeks. Key words: Pomegranate Peel, Thiobarbituric acid, minced chicken meat. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,6(1):1-10.

9-22

Authors: Seab Emad Sahib Al-Ghurabi

ABSTRACT This study was carried out on male rats to evaluate the analgesic and sedative effect of different doses of Alcoholic Extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves. The analgesic effect studied by using formalin test, 20 male rats divided to a four groups (5 each), first group exposed water orally only before injection of formalin, second group exposed orally with Diclofenac at a dose 0.71mg/kg B.W before injection of formalin, Third and fourth groups orally incubated with Alcoholic Extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves at a dose (50 and 100mg/kg BW) respectively. While the sedative effect studied by using pentobarbitone sleeping time test and open field test, in each test 15 male rats used and divided to a three groups one of them treated with distillated water and the other two groups treated with Alcoholic Extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves at a dose (50 and 100mg/kg BW) respectively. Results of formalin test showed a significant reduction in the mean value of nociceptive response in Diclofenac group specially at late phase while, groups treated with Alcoholic Extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves revealed a significant reduction in the nociceptive response value at the both phases (early and late phase) moreover the group treated with 100mg/kg showed the highest attenuation in the mean value of nociceptive response compared to 50mg/ kg treated group. Furthermore, the dose 100mg/kg produced the potent sedative effect in pentobarbitone sleeping time test and open field test. These results pointed to analgesic and sedative effect of Ocimum basilicum may duo to its consistence of the active analgesic and sedative compounds and its effect are in a dose dependent manner. Key words: analgesic, sedative, Ocimum basilicum, alcoholic extract, male rats. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6 ( 1 ): 9 – 22 ,2014

22-29

Authors: Maher A.K.Al-hafez Abdulnasir Th. Alkhashab Mohammed,S Almetewty

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different intensities of water treated magnetically in semen characteristics of rams. Twelve Awassi adult rams 2- 3 years old were distributed randomly on 3 treatments by 4 rams each group transactions were as follows (T1) represents the control group that dealt with Normal drinking water (non-magnetic) (T2) represents rams which drank magnetically treated water which passed through magnetic device with strength of 700 gauss . (T3) represents the third treatment drank magnetically treated water which passed through magnetic device with strength of 1400 gauss . Semen was collected from rams twice a week during the period of the experiment using electro-ejaculator for collecting semen. Semen traits included in this experiment were: ejaculate volume, semen color , pH of semen , mass activity and individual motility of spermatozoa, spermatozoa concentration, percentages of live and dead spermatozoa and abnormal spermatozoa. Results revealed that treated of rams with magnetically treated water resulted in significant (p < 0.05) increase as regards the total means of individual motility of spermatozoa , percentage of live sperm and significant (p < 0.05) decrease with relation to the total means of percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa , pH of semen and that the third treatment dealt with water magnetized strongly 1400 gauss gave the best results compared to other treatments. It could be concluded from the results of this experiment thattreated rams drinking magnetic water showed a significant improvement in some semen characteristics of Rams . therefore it can be used magnetically treated water technology as one of the important means to enhance the reproductive efficiency of the rams in addition continue to provide drinking magnetized water for a longer period of time may give better results with respect to the semen characteristics of rams. Key words: Magnetic water , semen characteristics , Awassi Rams. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,6(1):22-29.

39-52

Authors: Alaa Hashem. Y. Altaee

ABSTRACT This study was carried out in Plastic house , Horticulture and landscape Design Dept , College of Agriculture and Forestry , Mosul University, to study the effect of three organic fertilizers ( Nutrigreen , Vit org , Humi max ) on the vegetative growth and chemical content of Yucca aloifolia L. plants . Three concentration of fertilizer used ( zero , 1 , 2 ml per pot diameter 30 cm ) added to the soil . The results refers that the organic fertilizer Humi max was the best than other fertilizers especially on the concentration 2 ml / l on all studies parameters which the total increase on height of stem 8.99 cm , while the total increase on leaves number 17.87 in the end study . The stems diameters of plants were 3.00 cm while the leaves area was 2987.96 cm2 in the end of the study . The concentrations percentage reached to 70 % for Chlorophyll and 8.11 % for phosphorus and 4.79 % for nitrogen and 4.54 for potassium in the end of the study . Key words : Organic fertilization , humimax , yucca fertilization , Vit org . Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):39-52.

65-75

Authors: Ahmad Aridah

ABSTRACT The results showed that fixed cost represented (35 %) of the total cost and the variable cost amounted to approximately (65%) the total cost of Wadi Alajal, and that the optimal size of the production of dates amounted to approximately (5.20) tons per hectare ,and that production was more than the average actual production of dates for the Wadi Alajal by nearly (1.98) tons per hectare , while reported results that the production that maximize profit of dates have hit (11.7) tons per hectare for Wadi Alajal, , and for community sample as a whole and that production is more than the actual production of dates By (8.48) tons per hectare. It also showed the results of the field study that the average price per ton of harvest dates had been hit (1192.00) dinars for the total samples used. Key words: Production costs. Production dates. The optimal size. Bulk size. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):65-75.

89-100

Authors: Redha S. AL – Jorany Feryal H. Sadik

ABSTRACT Field studies were carried out in the middle of Iraq during 2009 - 2012 to detect and identify the species of genus Agriotes spp that infest Potato tubers (Solanum tubersum L. ) by using Molecular diagnosis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for both adults and larvae . The results showed that there are five species of Agriotes infest Potato tubers in Spring and Autumn cultivation . These species are : Agriotes brevis (Candeze) , Agriotes lineatus(Linnaeus) Agriotes obscurus (Linnaeus) , Agriotes sputator(Linnaeus) Agriotes ustulatus (Schaller). A genetic diversity within the species of the genus Agriotes was found . Key words : Agriotes , RAPD , ISSR , Wireworms , Elateridea , Polymerase Chain Reaction Part of Ph.D. Thesis for second author . Citation for this article: AL-Jorany R. S. and F. H. Sadik.2014.DIAGNOSTIC OF WIREWORM THAT ATTAK POTATO TUBERS BY USING PCR . Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6( 1 ):89-100.

116-124

Authors: Ehsan Fadhel Saleh Al-Douri

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted in the fruit nursery of College of Agriculture / Tikrit University , during the 2012 growing season , to study the effect of spray with ascorbic acid and number of sprays on vegetative growth characteristics of Apricot transplants cv. "Labeeb" , which grown on apricot seedling rootstocks . R.C.B.D. was used to apply seven treatments that an interactions between three concentrations of ascorbic acid ( 125 , 250 and 375 mg.L-1 ), number of sprays ( 2 and 4 times in the growth season ) and control treatment . The apricot transplants responded to spray of ascorbic acid especially with higher concentration and number of sprays . The treatments T5 and T7 ( four times spray with 250 mg.L-1 and four times spray with 375 mg.L-1 respectively ) increased significantly all vegetative growth characteristics ( single leaf area, total leaves area , main stem diameter, transplant height , diameter and length of branches ) , while the increment for number of branches was insignificant . The best results were in T7 treatment . Key words : Foliar spray, Ascorbic acid, Apricot, Labeeb. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):116-124.

140-151

Authors: Nameer T. Mahdi Tareq K. Masood

ABSTRACT A field experiment was carried out during the autumn season 2011 in Alrashid District southern of Baghdad to assess the impact of water shortages when applying Alternate partial furrow irrigation and organic matter during growth stages of sunflower compared with Conventional furrow irrigation on the growth and yield of sunflower. The experiment was conducted at two levels of organic fertilizers (with and without organic fertilizer). The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) Split Plot Design with three replications. The experiment included six treatments: Conventional furrow irrigation(CFI), Alternate partial furrow irrigation during growth stages except initial stage the conventional irrigation was applied (APFIi), Alternate partial furrow irrigation during growth stages except the vegetative growth stage the conventional irrigation was applied (APFIv), Alternate partial furrow irrigation during growth stages except the flowering stage the conventional irrigation has been applied (APFIf), Alternate partial furrow irrigation during growth stages except phase composition of winning stage the conventional irrigation has been applied (APFIm) and finally Alternate partial furrow irrigation during all growth stages of sunflower (APFI). The treatment of irrigations was distributed on the main plot randomly while the treatment of manure was distributed on secondary plot. The depth and time of irrigation were identified depending on the attrition of soil moisture by assessing the moisture content until the depletion of 50-60% of available water. The equation of water balance was used to determine depth of water for each stages of plant growth (initial, vegetative growth, flowering, grain maturity). The results showed that the depth of irrigation water differ depending on irrigation methods and levels of organic manure. The average depth of irrigation water for two levels of manure were 800 mm.season-1 for the CFI, but when Alternate partial furrow irrigation applied the depth of water decreased at 37, 21, 35, 35 and 42% for APFLi, APFIv, APFIf, APFIm, and APFI respectively. No significant differences among the irrigation treatments in high plant, leaf area, head diameter, number of seeds, weight of 500 seeds and seeds yield. This means that partial irrigation did not reduce sunflower growth factors when followed Alternate partial furrow irrigation. Key words: Alternate partial furrow irrigation, Organic manure, Water balance equation, Helianthus annuus L, ground water. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,6(1):140-151.

159-171

Authors: Abdulhalim Ali Suliman

ABSTRACT Spatial variability of some soil physical and chemical properties were studied for 31 km transect between Euphrates and Tigris the central concept of every unit map was detected. The pedons are morphologically described and soil sample were collected from the horizons and prepared for laboratory analysis. Particle size distribution, bulk density, soil salinity, exchangeable sodium Percentage, total carbonate and cation exchange capacity were measured. Ten time series models were postulated to identify the suitable model by AIC and to determine the model parameters and calculates the coefficient of variance. The results showed that the coefficient of variance ranged between 5.95-120.04% , 4.89-8.37% , 104.1-109.9 % for percentage of sand , silt and clay respectively . The time series analysis showed that there are suitable model MA(1) for sand variation and AR(1) for silt and clay , while the suitable models for chemical properties were AR(1) for soil salinity variation with coefficient of variation 23.9-42% , ARMA (1,1) for ESP variation for Ap and C2 horizon while AR(1) , MA(1) and MA(2) for CEC and total carbonates. The results of autocorrelation were low 0.188-0.488 for all studied properties, the autocorrelation were high at 250m for percentage of sand, EC, total carbonate and ESP, while the highest value was 10000 m for bulk density. Key words: spatial variability, time series, coefficient of variance. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):159-171.

179-186

Authors: Deia A . Mohammed

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted in the green house of the College of Agriculture , University of Diyala for the season 2009 – 2010 on sandy loam soil . RCBD system was applied with three replications . The experiment included two water factors , magnetic and non-magnetic water , and four depth of water applications (surface drip irrigation (D0) , sub- surface at depth of 5 , 10 ,and15 cm namely D5 , D10 , and D15 , respectively . Polyethylene pipes of 5cm in diameter were used to produced different length of pipes which located near each plant under the dripper . Magnetic device of 1500 gauss was used to produce magnetized water. The results explained that there is a highly significant differences by using magnetic water for all treatments in growth Parameters ( plant height , leaf area , dry root weight ,vegetative dry weight) and yield as compared with non-magnetic water. The depth of water application at 5 cm (D0) was highly significant in all growth parameters as compared with other depth of water applications. The highest value of plant height , leaf area , vegetative dry weight , and dry root weight at D5 and magnetic water treatments are 146.33 cm , 9472.66 cm2 /plant , 98.48gm/plant, and 4.4 gm/plant , respectively . The highest value of total yield at the D5 with magnetic water treatment is 27.61 ton/ha as compared with 20.21 ton/ha at D15 treatment . Key words : Cucumber , Magnetic water , Green house , Drip irrigation water. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):179-186.

202-214

Authors: Abdulkhaliq Saleh Mehdi Omer Ali Ahmed Mohammed A.Abood

ABSTRACT Field experiment was carried out in Diyala province during the agricultural season 2012 eastern city of Baquba.The soil texture was Silty Clay, to study the effect of organic matter (cows residues) (0, 8, 16 tons.ha -1 ) and fertilizer potassium (potassium Sulphate) is (0, 240, 480 ) kg.ha -1 / potassium sulfate and irrigation levels of (100% and 80% and 60%) of water available to plant on growth and yield the cotton crop (var.Lashata),The experimental design in split with R.C.B.D design was applied with three replications , the results showed significant differences for levels of irrigation in all properties as more than 100% level to give the highest quotient did not differ significantly from the 80% level, as well as the results showed that the levels of organic matter has significant effect on all traits as it gave added 16 tons.ha -1 higher yield did not differ significantly from the level 8 tons.ha -1 , and the levels of potassium fertilization significant effect on all properties , as it gave the second level to 240 kg.ha -1 up yield did not differ significantly from the third level, and had interaction significant effect among the three factors for all traits except early maturity character, as given first and second level of irrigation with the second level of organic matter and potassium fertilization gave higher yield compared with the levels and three factors. Key words : Deficit irrigation ,Potassium , Organic matter , Cotton . Citation for this article : Mehdi A. S.,O. A. Ahmed and M. A. Abood.2014.EFFECT OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZER, DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND ORGANIC MATTER ON COTTON TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6( 1 ):202-214. Journal website : www.agrriculmag.uodiyala.edu.iq

226-238

Authors: A.A.Obaid H.S.Hamaad D.A.Mohammed

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted in plastic house that appendage to the College of Agriculture /Diyala Univ. during the spring season 2011-2012 on the Cv.Dalia to study effect of irrigation water salt and magmatic and spray by the Ascorbic acid and organic extraction OLIGO-X on growth and yield of cucumber with protected environment . The result showed that their moral decreased in growth and total yield of plants at the irrigation water that which have electric conduction 2.12 ds/m in comparison with non salt water (0.54 ds/m) . In addition , the result showed ,that the spray by Ascorbic acid was decreased from the negative effect of salt of the irrigation water by improvement of vegetables properties for the plant and appearing the much of the total yield in comparison with spray by the water. The spray by the organic extraction gives most yield by other than irrigation water ,in addition, not their any stander effect to water magmatic on vegetables properties and yield of plant as independent effect under the experiment condition . Key words : Magnetic , Irrigation water salt , Ascorbic acid,organic extraction. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 6(1):226-238.

251-261

Authors: A.H.A . AL-Wagga H.A. AL-Wahab O.A. Ahmmed

ABSTRACT A field experiment was carried out in Diyala province \ Al-Muqdadiya district during growing season2010-2011.The aim of present study is control Cynodon dactylon L. growth in pomes orchard by using Glyphosate and two application methods first by knapsack spryer in rate (1.8kg ai/ h) the second use rope-wick wiper technique in different rate. The experiment was set out as factorial design in randomization complete block design with three replicates. The results showed superiority T2(1:1 )(herbicide: water ),T3 (1:2) (herbicide : water )applied in wiper gave high degree killing (94.66)(87.5) respectively compare with T7 (1.8kg ai/h) applied in spray(45.0) ,also T2(1:1 ) was gave average less in percentage of regrowth get to 22.9 % . Further T2(1:1 ) gave significantly effect in reduce dry weight percentage starch and seccharide up to (425.88gm/m², 6.84,1.94)respectively .Moreover the efficacy of Glyphosate in weed continue until 150day after control .The wipe technique good satisfactory result specially T2(1:1 ) witch gave 39% control compare T7 (1.8kg ai/ h) spray 32%. Key words: Cynodon dactylon L , Glyphosate ,Chemical control , Herbicides methods application . Citation for this article: AL-Wagga A. H. A.,H. A. AL-Wahab and O. A. Ahmmed.2014.EFFECT METHODS OF APPLICATION AND DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYPHOSATE IN CONTROL BERMUDA GRASS Cynodon dactylon L. GROWTH IN POME ORCHARD.Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,6(1):251-261.