Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

261 - 268

Authors: Simon P Ginting, Rantan Krisnan, Juniar Sirait, Antonius

Indigofera sp is a tree leguminous forage species known to be adaptable to the drought climate and saline soil and so it has potential as alternative feed resource to support the ruminant animal production. This study aimed to study the responses of goats fed Indigofera sp as the sole foliages in their diets. Twenty male Boer x Kacang crossbred goats (6 months of age;16 ± 2,1 kg BW) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments containing fresh or wilted leaves of Indigifera sp. as the sole foliages and supplemented with high carbohydrate (HCC) or protein (HPC)concentrates. Consumable parts i.e. leaves and twigs of about 8 to 10 months of age of Indigofera sp. were harvested by hand plucking every day in the morning. The experiment was a 2 x 2 factorial design arranged in a completely randomized design. The ruminal pH ranged from 6.14-6.85 and were not affected (P > 0.05) by wilting nor by the type of concentrates. Wilting did not affect (P > 0.05) the concentration of ruminal NH3-N, but it was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in HPC group (32.36-32.54 mg dL-1) than those in HCC group(17.94-23.57 mg dL-1). Total VFA concentration were not affected by wilting nor by the type of concentrates (P > 0.05). Goats in the HCC group,however,numerically have higher total VFA concentration (178.5-183.75 mmol L-1) than those in the HPC group (142.21-174.64 mmol L-1). The apparent digestibility coeficients of DM, OM, CP and energy of the diet were not different (P > 0.05) when contained wilted or fresh Indigofera foliage. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in the DM and OM, but not in the CP and energy apparent digestibility coeficients were observed in the HPC goats. Dry matter intakes were not different (P > 0.05) among dietary treatments, but the ADG of goats in the HCC group (60-63 g d-1) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of goats in the HPC treatment (80-87 g d-1). Blood glucosa concentration was not affected by wilting nor by type of concentrates (P > 0.05). BUN was not affected by wilting process, but providing high protein concentrates significantly (P < 0.05) increased the BUN concentration. It is concluded that foliage of Indigofera sp could be used as the sole forage in intensive production of goats. Wilting the foliage prior to feeding seemed to be unnecessary, since this process does not improve the animal productivity in term of daily gain and efficiency of feed utilization. Key Words: Indigofera sp, Supplements, Ruminal Fermentation, Goats

278 - 285

Authors: Polmer Situmorang, R Sianturi, D. A Kusumaningrum, E Triwulaningsih

Twinning in monotocous domestic species dairy cattle is most frequently by dyzygote in which two eggs is ovulated by treatment with gonadotropin hormon. A study to see the effects of concentration of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (Folltropin) on the ovulation rates and twinning birth was conducted. The experiment designed was commpletely randomized designed with 3 treatment of total concentration of FSH (A: 12, B: 6 and C 3 ml) and 4 lactating cows for a replications. Hormon was intramussculary injected in decreasing dossis method twice a day with 12 hours apart for 4 days. Data recorded were the diameter of ovary (DO), total corpus luteum (TCL), concentration of progesterone on the day 12 of estrus cycle (P), percentage of pregnancy and number of birth. FSH significantly increased the ovulation rates. The means DO was significantly (P < 0.05) higher after injection (6.3 cm) than those before injection (2.0 cm). The TCL and P were highly significant (P < 0.01) higher after injection. The TCL and P were 1.2 and 0.8 ng/ml and 8.5 and 3.0 ng/ml before and after hormone treatment respectively. Concentration of FSH significantly increase (P < 0.05) the TCL and P but not for DO. The means DO, TCL and P were 5.0, 4.5 and 1.6, 5.5, 8,8 and 1.8 and 8.4cm, 12.3 and 5.3 ng/ml for treatments C, B and A respectively. Persentage of pregnancy was decreasing by the increasing of ovulations rates and the highest percentage of pregnancy 75% was obtained on treatments C. The normal single birth was found for treatment C and neonatal death were occurred for treatment B and A where the number of calves is higher than 2. In conclusion the FSH increased the ovulation rates in dairy cattle and the ovulation rates obtained was also affected by the concentration of hormone. Key Words: Hormone, FSH, Ovulation, Twin Birth

297 - 307

Authors: April H Wardhana, S Muharsini, S Santosa, L.S.R Arambewela, S.P.W Kumarasinghe

Treatment of myiasis caused by the larvae of Chrysomya bezziana resulted variation results. The aim of the experiment are to compare larvacidal effect of atsiri oil of Piper betle leaf originated from Sri Lanka and Bogor agains Chrysomya bezziana larvae and to identify atsiri oil using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Silica gel plate GF254 with toluena and ethyl ecetate as diluents was used in TLC. L1 and L2 of Chrysomya bezziana larvae were used for in vitro assay using agar plate contained atsiri oil of three concentrations ie. 2, 3 and 4%. Asuntol 1% and aquadest sterile were used as positive and negative control, respectively. Ten larvae were used in five replicates. The larvae were observed every 30 minutes for four hours. Larval mortality were counted and probit analysed using POLO-PC software, therefore the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC95) and lethal time (LT50 and LT95) were defined. The results showed there was a difference on migration distance between atsiri oil from Sri Lanka and Bogor on nRf 79-88 analysed using TLC. In vitro assay showed that both lethal concentration and lethal time of atsiri oil from Sri Lanka was higher than from Bogor. This results indicated that larvacidal effect of atsiri oil from Bogor was stronger than atsiri oil from Sri Lanka in in vitro both on L1 and L2. Key Words: Piper Bitle Leaf, Atsiri Oil, Chrysomya bezziana, Sri Lanka, Bogor