INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

1-5

Authors: DR. WANKHEDE HARISH A., DR. JADHAV SHAILENDRA S., DR. HEREKAR NARSINH G., DR. KATTI ANUPAMA S.

Background: Pedicles of the lumbar vertebrae are short and strong. In the lumbar region the pedicles play an important role in the transfer of weight from the neural arch to the anterior part of the vertebral column. Fractures of the lumbar pedicles are common in older age group due to osteoporosis and requires open surgical or percutaneous pedicle screw fixation to stabilize the vertebrae. Hence the morphometric knowledge of the lumbar pedicle is important. Aims of study: The aim of our study is to determine the height and width of pedicles and inter-peduncle distance. To compare present study data with the previous one. To discuss the various applied aspects of the study. Methodology: 115 dried adult human lumbar vertebrae (23 sets, 5 vertebrae in each set from same individual) were examined. Height and width of the right and left lumbar pedicles and interpeduncle distance was measured using sliding verniar caliper. Results: Vertical height of the pedicle goes on increasing from L1 to L3 vertebrae and again reduces in L4 and L5, in L5 it is least. Width of the pedicle goes on increasing from L1 to L5 vertebrae; width is nearly similar in L2 and L3 vertebrae. Interpeduncle distance is less in L1 and almost similar in L2, L3, L4 and larger in L5 vertebrae. No statistically significant difference is seen in height and width of the pedicle on right and left side. Conclusion: Morphometric knowledge of the pedicles is important for orthopedic surgeons and radiologist for proper selection of the pedicle screw and operative repair. Keywords: interpeduncle, lumbar, pedicle, vertebrae

17-23

Authors: DR. PHAD VAIBHAV V., DR. Mrs. JOSHI RAJNI A., DR. JADHAV SHAILENDRA S., DR. HEREKAR NARSINH G.

The male Gonads or Testes are embryologically derived from “Mesoderm” except for Primordial germ cells giving rise to spermatogonia which are derived from epiblast. The true sources are the mesothelium lining the posterior abdominal wall, underlying mesenchyme & Primordial germ cells. The gross changes occurring during development of male gonads are studied in much more detail as compared to histological changes therefore very few studies available on the same. 40 aborted male human fetuses between 12- 40 weeks of gestational age with no obvious congenital anomalies were obtained for study. Testes were removed and histological slides of 5 to 7 microns sections were prepared and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin method. Also some slides were stained with Masson’s trichrome stain & studied under light microscope. The tunica albuginea & epiorchium were already differentiated at 12th week of gestational age. Tunica vasculosa appeared at 14th weeks of gestational age. At 16th week some rete tubules were seen in mediastinum. At 24th weeks of gestational age complete septae were seen, and the lobules were completely formed. At 28th week both layers of tunica vaginalis were seen. Initially dark nucleated spermatogonia were more numerous than pale nucleated spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. After 30th week pale nucleated spermatogonia were more numerous along with Sertoli cells. The findings also showed that testis at term were not assuming adult architecture. The seminiferous tubules were showing absence of cells of spermatogenic series. They seem to appear at puberty, and lumen in these tubules does not appear till term. Keywords: Mesoderm, Primordial Germ Cells, Tunica Vasculosa, Rete Tubules, Spermatogonia

29-32

Authors: DR. PATIL DEEPAK A., DR.HEREKAR NARSINH G., DR. JADHAV SHAILENDRA S., DR. KATTI ANUPAMA S.

The complex arrangement of the viscera in the abdomen is readily appreciated from its development. Abnormal rotation or non-rotation of the gut leads to various anomalies of the gut and also the vessels supplying it. The aim of this paper is to present some anomalies which can be encountered during various surgeries. During cadaveric dissection we come across a case of malrotation of the gut with multiple anomalies. We found that the common hepatic artery which is normally a branch of celiac trunk is variably arising from the hepto-mesenteric trunk. The hepato-mesenteric trunk originated from ventral surface of aorta at L1 level and had length of 3cm. The trunk then divided into common hepatic artery and superior mesenteric artery. The common hepatic artery ascends laterally then it gives gastro-duodenal branch above superior part of duodenum which descends between duodenum and neck of pancreas. The common hepatic artery after giving gastroduodenal branch continues as hepatic artery proper. It ascends to the portahepatis and divides into right and left hepatic artery accompanying portal vein and hepatic duct.The caecum was present in rightlumbar quadrant of the abdomen under visceral surface of liver instead of right iliac fossa. The caecum was mobile, dilated with a blind pouch. Its dimensions were 7 x 9.5 (6 x 7.5cm-Normal).The duodenum was mobile instead of being fixed to posterior abdominal wall. Keyword: Rotation of Gut, Celiac Trunk, Hepato-mesenteric Trunk, Caecum, Duodenum.