International journal of dental and medical specialty

2-6

Authors: Anjaneya Dube, Girish Rao, Amogh Tanwar

Aim: The aim of the research was to determine and analyze the pattern of maxillofacial (MF) injury associated with head injury at a neurosurgical center (NIMHANS, Bangalore). Methodology: This is a descriptive analytical study of trauma patients at NIMHANS Bangalore in which the medical records of 250 patients who were referred for MF injury may or may not be associated with head and neurological injury were analyzed during a period of 6 month. Results: Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) were the most common cause and contributed to 77% of the injuries. A total of 229 males were affected in comparison to only 21 females. 85 patients (34%) were under the influence of alcohol. About 44.8% of the patients had MF injury. Midfacial injuries accounted for 73.2% of the total fractures. The soft tissue lacerations were distributed predominantly over middle and upper third of the face. Preponderance of patients had mild head injury and was handled conservatively in the present group. Operative instructions for maxillo-facial fractures were displaced facial bone fractures or pan facial trauma. Conclusion: Adult males were the typical frequent victims in MF trauma, and RTA were responsible for the majority of cranio- MF trauma. Most of the referred trauma patients sustained mild head injuries and were managed conservatively.

11-19

Authors: Swati Arora

Background: Acne vulgaris is the most common skin disease of the youth especially in puberty age. One of the most common complications of acne is scarring. It has been found to have a significant impact on their psychological well-being and has been associated with depression and suicide ideation. Acne causes emotional upset and impact to the patient by disfiguring face and scarring skin. Multiple surgical treatments are available for acne scars, which include dermabrasion, microdermabrasion (MDA), laser treatments, and dermal fillers. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of MDA in facial acne scars in terms of results and patient satisfaction. Materials and Methods: A total number of 50 patients with acne scars, who visited the hospital outdoor patient department, were included in this study. All patients were treated with MDA for 10 sittings, 2 weeks apart. Analysis: Patients were evaluated and analyzed after 10 sittings or before (if the complete response occurred before 10 sittings), both objectively and subjectively (in term of patient satisfaction). Result and Conclusion: Of a total of 50 patients, 25 patients (50%) had moderate scarring and of these 21 (84%) showed good response, 3 (12%) showed fair response and 1 (4%) showed excellent response.

25-26

Authors: Narendra Sharma, Sunita Shrivastav, R. H. Kamble, P. V. Hazarey, Preethi Sharma

The buccal archwire used in the pre-adjusted edgewise appliances technique is anchored to the brackets by means of ligatures made of soft stainless steel wire of about 0.010 inch diameter. These ligatures are seated under the flanges of the brackets. Various methods have been advocated seating and tying the ligatures. The performed ligatures used in this method differ from those conventionally used in that they can easily and quickly be formed on a jig constructed from available orthodontic material.

33-37

Authors: Ruchit Khanna, Anand Kumar, Ruchika Khanna

When nutrients are isolated from whole foods, they do not always act the same. Several nutrients found in fruit and vegetables show an inverse association with oral cancer. Nutrition has enhanced more bring into focus on the levels of biochemical sequences through which ingredients are digested, and other living organic structure are converted from one form to another via metabolism and metabolic pathways. Nutrition also centers on in what way diseases, conditions, and dilemmas can be averted or diminished with a healthy diet. Cancer is preceded by pre-cancerous lesions. Numerous investigations have attempted to determine whether consuming particular food increases or decreases a person’s chance of acquiring cancer. Sadly, various thoughts have conflicted issues, so it is troublesome to understand what impact foods or dietary supplements have on cancer risk. In summation, nutrition includes recognizing how particular disorders, conditions or dilemmas may be generated by dietary factors, such as inadequate food (malnutrition), food allergies, metabolic diseases, etc.

2-5

Authors: I. N. Ikhajiangbe Happy1, D. N. Ezejindu2, N. Ezeokafor Emmanuel1

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of bitter leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) and glibenclamide in the treatment of diabetes in Alloxan-induced diabetic albino wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 adult albino rats were used for the study. The rats were grouped into three groups of eight animals per group. Group A received 0.5 ml of distilled water and served as the control. Group B received 10 mg/kg/body weight of glibenclamide. Group C received 100 mg/kg/ body weight of bitter leaf extract. Effect of bitter leaf and glibenclamide were observed at every 2 days for up to 2 weeks. Results: The result showed that the extract caused a decrease in blood glucose level on the fourth day but this was not statistically signifi cant. Also, glibenclamide caused a decrease in the blood glucose level on the third day; this decrease was not statistically signifi cant but slightly signifi cant on the fourth day. On the sixth day, the extract caused a slightly signifi cant decrease but when compared with the sixth day of glibenclamide, the decrease was very signifi cant. From the eight day to the fourteenth day, the decrease in the blood glucose levels for group B and C became very signifi cant. However, group C (glibenclamide) showed highly signifi cant decrease when compared with group B (extract). Glibenclamide showed signifi cant (p<0.05 or p<0.01) decrease in mean blood glucose level from day 8 to till end (day 14) as compared to bitter leaf extract. Conclusion: The work suggests that glibenclamide has a more potent hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats when compared with the extract and may be more effective in the treatment of diabetics.

10-13

Authors: Chaithra Kalkur, Anusha Rangare Lakshman, Mohammed Farhan, B. S. Kiran Kumar

Facial talon cusp (Dens evaginatus) is a very rare developmental anomaly of unclear etiology and significance can also be seen associated with some syndromes. Here the present report describes a 10-year-old female with facial talon cusp on mandibular permanent right central incisors. This rare anomaly requires careful dental and physical examination of the affected patient since its finding can be of clinical and genetic significance

18-20

Authors: Ruchika Khanna, Ruchit Khanna, P. M. L. Khanna

Cone beam computed tomography is a three-dimensional imaging modality and more accurate when compared to digital radiographs. The recent advancement in this technology has reduced the cost as well as the dose to the patients. The advanced software design and powerful computer system have permitted its use in dentistry. Its varied indications in practically all the branches of dentistry have made this progress all the more versatile. Through this review we have tried to highlight the basis of this technology, its advantages and applications, wherefore proving it to have an edge over the others

25-27

Authors: Ruchika Khanna, Ruchit Khanna

Osseous choristoma being a benign lesion is an entity rarely seen in the oral cavity. These are usually well-circumscribed proliferations of histologically normal tissue found in abnormal locations. They are usually composed of compact bone with harvesian systems. The etiology is considered to be developmental malformation or reactive. The most common site being the tongue and other sites being buccal mucosa as well. Through this article, we have tried to highlight various features that would aid in correct diagnosis and treatment planning of this rare lesion.