International Journal of Academic Research in Environment and Geography

8-17

Authors: Andreea Floriana Marinică, Dana Maria (Oprea) Constantin, Ion Marinică, Victor Viorel Vătămanu

The article analyzes the exceptionally rainy year 2014 in the south-west of Romania, year in which many rainfall records exceeded, for the whole series of meteorological observations at the meteorological stations in Oltenia. The year was marked by 23 excessively rainy periods where there were floods because of the exceptional amounts of precipitations. There were 21 rainfall records, far exceeding the wettest year 2005. Compared to the year 2005, floods were not so catastrofal due to the wide distribution of these rainfall throughout the year. Like 2005, the year 2014 was globally classified as the hottest year, and in Romania, like in most Europe, it was a normal warm year, but exceptionally rainy.

26-32

Authors: Camelia Slave

In agriculture, a major benefit of satellite registrations crop is forecast problem by following up the development of crops in certain phenological stages. Then, the registration of pest attacks made possible intervention in the early stages of this phenomenon. Development of the Earth's surface registration techniques in different spectral bands, specialized for certain components of the environment. Such as those of the last LANDSAT and SPOT satellites were able to follow some aspects of forestry and agriculture.

40-45

Authors: Loredana Florentina Lascu

The article discusses the importance of knowing the history behind the buildings of the historical center of Bucharest Municipality, for proper management of the space for future generations. The historical component of buildings represents one of the main elements of information on urban development, implicitly its processes. The administration of historic buildings and the built environment is based on collecting, analyzing and interpreting information, both using documents (books, letters, plans, maps, and images) and existing buildings. Although this historical characterization is not a solution itself, it may represent an early stage of a development plan or project, especially when it is intended the image of buildings and adaptability in the current context. Each building from the historical centre of Bucharest stores information about the stages that were followed, the factors that influenced changes and also about the human component, all of those determining the current status and the image that is transmitted in the future. Important notes of the time on the early stage of the city were made by foreign travelers, providing an external view of the place.

53-61

Authors: Ang Kean Hua, Mohd Zuhdi Marsuki

Water is an important resource for all living and non-living beings. However, there is a shortage of fresh water nowadays. This situation is related to various factors. One of these factors is water pollution. Water pollution occurs in Malacca state. Specifically, it affects the Malacca River. The main cause of water pollution is factories. If factories continue their activities, the environment will be harmed. Action is needed to stop this pollution before it destroys the environment. This research will explore the level of awareness of citizens in regards to water pollution. This research is divided into three parts. Part A analyzes the respondents’ biodata. Part B investigates citizens’ perceptions of river ecology. Part C describes citizens’ perceptions of water pollution in the river. This study is a starting point meant to discover how great of a threat citizens view water pollution. Malaccan citizens have the right to voice their opinions regarding the water pollution. Their knowledge of the ecosystem showed that they still love the environment. They are embedded with moral and ethical values that dispose them towards caring about the environment. They know that they still have a responsibility to the environment. The people realized they can protect the environment from destruction. Malaccan citizens hope that by taking early steps, they can stop the polluting manufacturing activities.

7-14

Authors: Dana Maria (Oprea) Constantin, Elena Cofas

The subject of the article is the detailed analysis of the nebulosity and the influence of meteorological parameters on the phenomenon of air pollution in the Slatina area. The nebulosity is described by specific and general climatic parameters: the monthly and annual averages, the monthly average and annual number of sunny days, the monthly average and annual number of cloudy days, the monthly average and annual number of covered days and the frequency monthly and annual average (number of cases) for main types of clouds, for the period 1977-2006. The purpose of this analysis is to highlight the spatial and temporal distribution of air nebulosity, especially to observe any changes this meteorological element in the urban perimeter and how air pollution affects, diminishing or exacerbating. The Slatina town called the aluminum city is known like the largest producer of primary aluminum in Central and Eastern Europe after Russia, ALRO SA. The article ends with the author’s conclusions, highlighting the climate peculiarities of the city determined by the characteristics of the active surface. The active area - main underlying factor determining urban topoclimate and that due to economic and social development of the city changes occurring meteorological elements, as is illustrated for nebulosity.

21-29

Authors: Elena Cofas, Ana Ursu 1

Organic farming is a relatively new sector, but great perspective for Romania; our country receive proper conditions to develop organic farming as well as fertile and productive soil and low pollution countryside, compared to economically developed countries, which are experiencing a high level of industrialization and use of agricultural technologies super intensive based heavily on chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides. Organic crops are represented in our country most forage crops and pastures, cereals, oilseeds and protein plus vegetable material, berries, mushrooms, medicinal and aromatic plants harvested from the wild flora. Therefore, practicing proper organic farming and a market capitalization of its products must be based on specialized knowledge and a strict observance of the principles and practices this system of agriculture.

37-44

Authors: Andreea Floriana Mărinică, Dana Maria (Oprea) Constantin, Ion Mărinică, Victor Viorel Vătămanu

Even though April is regarded as the first month of the warm season, which begins after only 10 days from the winter solstice, the air temperature rises rapidly, and the transition into spring is swift and frequently occurs prematurely. Under the conditions of global warming, in south-western Romania it is observed a rise in the recurrence of warm April months or even extremely warm, and the growing tendency of air temperatures. However in some years late spring chills and powerful frosts arise which perturbs the vegetation in advanced stages of development. Consequently, the destructive effects are intense and the damages brought upon the economy are significant, having an impact on the tree, grapes, vegetables and even cereals crops. The study addresses in particular the event of the most intense cooling of April amongst the entire recorded history of meteorological data in Romania and is part of an extended series of essays regarding the weather variability in south-western Romania. It aids undergraduates, postgraduates, climatologists and every specialist interested in climate change.

52-62

Authors: Iuliana Zaharia

The paper analyzes the interdependence between business ethics and sustainability applied on tourism. First, it outlines the general framework, sustainability and holistic ethics, developed further in theory and practical examples. The main objective is to realize an analyses of the collected data from the ethical perspective: the magnitude of tourism’ industry today and its trends which endanger or could aid durability; the frame of reference for responsible and sustainable tourism: the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism; the main characteristics, on multiple faces, of the sustainable tourism; innovations in sustainable tourism; the demand's assessment for ethical consumption on tourism – all of this based on documentation, statistic data, chronological surveys in order to outline the development's tendencies of the territory where business ethics, sustainability and tourism join. And the junction (when it happens) starts first in one’s mind as its core values, emerging his attitude and behavior and those of other related individuals to smalls group, wider communities, a global net. This potential radiation is the reason why this paper argumentatively pledges towards values as sustainability, cooperation, altruism, equity.