Voprosy Filosofii i Psikhologii

242-249

Authors: Alexander Fedorov

The article presents the ideological and philosophical analysis of the functioning of media in society and media texts: analysis of the ideological, philosophical aspects of media sphere. Theoretical basis there is an ideological theory of media. It is assumed that the media are able to deliberately influence public opinion, including in the interests of a particular social class, race or nation. Pedagogical strategy of media education is reduced to the study of political, philosophical, social, and economic aspects of the national media, to analyze the numerous contradictions that contain these issues from the perspective of a particular class, race, religion or nation. In this case, the audience should be able to define: the difference between media images and well-known facts; the reliability of the source; the accuracy of the determination; valid and invalid statements; the difference between the primary and secondary information, approval; partiality of judgment; installed and uninstalled judgment; vague and ambiguous arguments; a logical inconsistency in the chain of reasoning; the force of the argument.

262-268

Authors: Izabela B. Kotova, Elena V. Okorochkova

The paper presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the phenomenon of patriotism as a special category of a subject that has a long history of study. The specificity of its consideration in the philosophy, history, sociology, pedagogy and psychology is revealed. It was concluded that the most holistic view on patriotism formed in educational theory and practice. It is identified a forward-looking study of patriotism within the framework of psychological knowledge. An interpretation of patriotism as the characteristics of the subject, reflecting the different levels of its organization of particular relevance to various aspects of reality is designated as the integral of the Fatherland.

275-280

Authors: Sergey A. Lebedev

The article examines the category of the object and subject of scientific cognition and their relationship. It is shown that in science, the object is understood not as a “thing in itself”, but as a “thing for us”. In science there is no object without subject's knowledge. In modern epistemology the subject of scientific cognition is understood as a social being, as disciplinary scientific community, always based on previously accumulated knowledge as a necessary condition of scientific сognition. These prerequisites have for the subject of scientific cognition a priori in nature, but only relative. In science prerequisites out knowledge and cognition does not exist. Such the nature of knowledge inevitably leads to scientific pluralism in the understanding of the object. The pluralism of scientific knowledge is produce only relative true knowledge. The mechanism identity of it is the scientific consensus of the members of the professional scientific community

290-300

Authors: Yulia V. Sorokina

This article describes the principles of modern Western Christian doctrine of the relationship between the individual, society and state. The article presents the structure of the individual from the standpoint of classical Christian philosophy and modern theological and philosophical doctrines. There is revealed the modern concept of the relationship between the individual and society. The question of the interaction of society and the state, shows their autonomy and relationship. Also analyzed the concept of subsidiarity and of solidarity as a condition of reciprocity, the state and civil society, where the government solves the problems of social life, that society itself is not able to solve.