International Archives of Integrated Medicine

1-6

Authors: O. Gambhir Singh, Hemalatha N.

It is a prospective study of 50 fatal head injury cases whose medico legal autopsy was done in the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai from December 2007 to June 2008. There were total 50 cases of fatal craniocerebral injuries which needed admission either in Intensive Care Unit or neurosurgery. In the present study, male victims (47 cases, 96%) outnumbered female victims (3 cases, 6%) with an approximate male-female ratio of 16:1. Road traffic accidents (RTA) involving mainly pedestrians and two wheeler users were the most common cause of fatal head injury, seen in 43 cases (86%). Out of the total 50 cases of fatal head injury, brain stem injury was seen in 41 cases (82%). Skull bone fracture was found in 26 cases (52%), 11 cases were associated with primary brain stem injury and 15 cases with the secondary brain stem injury. Temporal and parietal bones were the common site of fracture, observed in 17 cases (34%). The range of survival period was wide, spreading from 6 hours to 600 hours; the mean survival period being 73.42 hours. Brain stem injury, which is generally associated with skull base fracture, was found to be the main factor governing the prognosis of the case.

12-17

Authors: Ashish Parikh

Background: Obesity and its associated co-morbidities like hypertension and diabetes is recent out bursting problem all over the world. Aim: To study prevalence of obesity and its relation with hypertension and diabetes. Material and methods: Total 70 patients who came to outdoor patient department of Gayatri Hospital, Gandhinagar from January, 2014 to June, 2014 were included in present study. Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure and random blood sugar were estimated in all patients to detect obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Results: Out of 70 subjects, 30 were male and 40 were female. Total 29 subjects were found obese with BMI >25. Out of 29 obese subjects, 18 were hypertensive and 13 were diabetic. Among 19 males with waist circumference >90 cm, total 12 were hypertensive and 4 were diabetic. Among 20 females with waist circumference >80 cm, total 16 were hypertensive and 8 were diabetic Conclusion: General obesity determined by help of BMI is associated with hypertension and diabetes in both males and females while central obesity determined by help of waist circumference is associated with hypertension and diabetes in females only.

26-29

Authors: Hinal Rathod

Evidence based practice, evidence based medicine, evidence based nursing etc. are not new terminology in the recent era. For implementation of evidence based nursing practice, only knowledge is not sufficient among core workers but nursing community must have attitude and intention to practice it by their heart. In current Indian scenario, there are plenty of challenges in integrated evidence based nursing practice. For effective implementation of evidence based nursing practice, a nurse must be able to decide either the evidence is relevant and appropriate for the particular patient or not before its application. All patients must receive safe, effective person centred care, based on the best available evidence is the aim of evidence based nursing and nurses have to play a key role in it.