Polish Journal of Management Studies

2

Authors: Martina Ferencová

The problem of communication and managerial capabilities in business, education and social life with focusing on practical side is more and more important in time of information confusion, fast track of information diffusion and information overload. Therefore, the reviewed monograph research problem formulated by the Author, consisting problem of identification, measurement and development of communication and managerial capabilities of selected groups seems to be very important and useful for various readers. General structure of the reviewed monograph is proper. It comprises seven chapters those contents corresponds to their titles. It is an results of very detailed pragmatic considerations supported by fundamental definition discussion, review of concepts, theories and methodological investigations. The scope of the literature search is compatible with the topic and provides a balanced and objective perspective on the subject matter.

8

Authors: Rastislav Kotulič, Peter Adamišin

At present time, there is no single coherent systematic theory that would fully explain the causes of the migration or the motivation that leads to the population migration. Migration theories aim for explanations for the population migration. The idea that prevails is that the employment and economic motives are primary reasons for migration; however, these are not the only reasons. Structural and cyclic aspects of unemployment in the Slovak Republic significantly contribute to the foreign migration. It is necessary to solve this undesirable effect through the policy aimed at the competitiveness of the economy and creation of favorable conditions for the long-term sustainable economic growth.

9

Authors: Justyna Patalas-Maliszewska , Sławomir Kłos

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) still treat expenditure on the purchase of the knowledge management (KM) tools as an expense and not in the category of investment. It seems that in order to motivate an SME to implement a KM tool to support it should be shown the advantages and disadvantages benefits of such activities. In this paper, the authors provide a practical approach for measuring the contributions and impacts of the use of a KM tool in a SME.

10

Authors: Beata Ślusarczyk, Sebastian Kot

In the economies of many countries, free competition is protected by antitrust laws and regulations in terms of unfair competition, whose recipients are entrepreneurs. On one hand FDI facilitates an access to technologies, know-how and management skills, accelerating the integration of national economies with international markets, production and distribution networks, and strengthening the international competition of companies but on the other hand governments interfere to with competitions supporting FDI actions. The state aid impact the country internal Foreign Direct Investment as well as support of external FDI of national corporations. The papers presents the government impact in those situations in Poland.

10

Authors: Agnieszka Wójcik-Mazur, Karina Wieczorek

The subject of this publication is the problem of distribution management, exemplified by Company X. The process has been defined by analysing the conditions necessary to satisfy prospects’ needs and create the market position of a business entity. The paper focuses on the basic features of distribution system and the character of distribution channels.The assessment of distribution management has been illustrated with an example of Company X. The subjects of interest are: the dynamics of order flow, the delivery readiness rate, and the percentage of specific complaints in the structure of complaints in total between 2009 and 2011. The Pareto chart made it possible to diagnose the main causes of the highest percentage of complaints. As a result of research, the key improvement areas have been identified, the main ones being the functioning of order processing system and completion of deliveries.

11

Authors: Boris Milovic

Business decisions supported by strategy of customer relationship management CRM are interesting for: retail networks, telecom operators, banks, insurance companies, travel agencies, but also for agricultural organizations. This paper highlights the importance of IT development of customer relationship management strategy. The development of information technology in agricultural organizations and easier and cheaper access to it, enables the development of electronic relationships with customers (e-CRM) which simplifies and automates the dialogue with customers and provides an answer to their requests in real time, which leads to increase of customer loyalty and satisfaction. This business strategy helps agricultural organizations to adapt their products and services for each client.

12

Authors: Makarand Upadhyaya

This paper is an attempt to study the effectiveness of projective techniques in exploring the brand image of ego-sensitive brands, possessing minimal functional differentiation. The paper examines four finest perfume brands. Two metaphor based personification methods-mood-boards and job-sorting are employed to study the association that the participants have with the brands. Both the methods are open ended assignments to decipher how participants think or feel about the research object in question. The study analyses the congruent validity of the two methods and differences in their ability to personify the chosen brands of deu. Both the methods yielded almost similar outcomes, thereby reiterating that the two methods possess congruent validity. The latter part of the paper analyses the brand personality characteristics that were connected to the celebrities and jobs thus connected, as identified in the mood-boards and job-sorting exercise respectively. SWOCC Brand Personality Scale, which is a further elaboration of Aaker’s brand personality research, was used to provide a list of the personality characteristics. The study however faces a limitation of the failure of the translation from the projective results into personality scores dimensions. This raises a serious concern if it is at all possible to validly translate overall projective data into analytical scores and if it is so then what would be the ideal procedure to do this.

12

Authors: Faris Nasif AL- Shubiri

In this study explain rapidly changing business environment, the need for very timely and effective business information is recognized as being indispensable for organizations not only to succeed, but even to survive. Business intelligence (BI) is a concept which refers to a managerial philosophy and a tool that is used in order to help organizations and refine information and to make more effective business decisions. The sample of study is 50 industrial firms for the period 2006-2010 listed on Amman Stock Exchange .The results indicates the Knowledge economy variable measured by intellectual capital are more significant and effect of performance and this study has shown that the provision of appropriate support with regard to BI is needed as BI plays a crucial role to support decision-making in firms of all sizes more than learning and growth or financial factor but there is no significant level for customer variable

13

Authors: Zakieh Shooshtarian, Marzieh Amini

The aim of study was: 1- To compare leaders' behavior in public with private sector industrial firms of Fars Province (one of the southern province of Iran). 2- To identify the relationship between the type of leaders' behavior and efficiency in these industries. 3- To identify the relationship between the type of leaders' behavior and ROI . LBDQ used in order to collect data. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software were used .From 602 completed questionnaire, 266 completed by public sectors' employees (%44) and 336 completed by private sectors' employees (%56). The results showed, "Initiating Structure" type of behavior is dominant behavior in both public and private sectors in Fars industries. There is a significant relationship between "Initiating Structure" type of leaders' behavior and efficiency in public and private sectors. Also a significant relationship between "Initiating Structure" type of behavior and ROI, was found in these two sectors. Regarding to "Consideration" type of behavior, there is a significant relationship between this type of behavior and efficiency in both sectors. There is no significant relationship between "Consideration" type of behavior and ROI in public and private sectors.

14

Authors: Elżbieta Wysłocka, Waldemar Szczepaniak

Leasing is one of the most popular methods of financing of fixed assets in companies, both in the big and quite small ones. While making the decision concerning the method of financing of an investment, one needs to assess, using discount methods, which of the financing options available is the most effective one. The work aims at presenting, on the basis of the legislation in force in Poland, types of leasing and differences between them. Moreover, the methods of measuring effectiveness of financial decisions are discussed. Additionally, on the example of ATM S.A. the author focuses on the presentation of benefits possible to obtain with the use of leasing as a method of financing fixed assets.

26

Authors: Witold Chmielarz

The main aim of this study is to analyse the development trends of project management with the focus on the management of IT projects. The initial parts of the work are devoted to the analysis of the concepts concerning project management and their relation to the management of processes. Next, the author defines the basic determinants of IT projects’ management. The subsequent part of this work concerns the evolution of the IT project life cycle in project management methodologies. In the final part of this study the author characterized modern project management methodologies and analyzed the trends in their development.

6

Authors: Marek Ladyga, Maciej Tkacz

In this article, the analysis of the explicitness of vector balancing the unsustainable production and consumption model was conducted. In this analysis, contractors’ options and concessions price had been included.

8

Authors: Aneta Pachura

The character and intensity of the innovations process of goods, processes or organisational structure depend on both corporate research and development initiatives and on transfer of technology and know-how from the external environment. The character of innovative processes as well as their degree and development are thus dependant on a number of endogenous (shaping the potential of the company’s close environment) and exogenous factors (relating to the global economic and technological development). The paper present epistemological introduction to theory of innovation.

9

Authors: Paula Bajdor

The following article presents the essence of the sustainable development concept and revision of its definition . Then was presented the essence of Green Logistics and its paradoxes . In summary, the thesis concluded that the introduction of elements of the sustainable development concept can contribute to a broader recognition of Green Logistics .

9

Authors: Radovan Bačík, Richard Fedorko, Silvia Simová

The article pays attention to marketing communication issue, specifically in advertising. The article summarizes theoretical background of advertising within evaluation of the topic direction. The main attention is focused on advertising problem as a marketing communication tool from the perspective of market participants providing their products and services. Through a realised survey of selected aspects we point out opinions of selected target groups in the application of selected market entity.

10

Authors: Tomasz Ordysiński

The article presents results of the Net Readiness research of SME enterprises from West Pomeranian voivodeship as the preparation level to e-business. There is described Net Readiness method (invented by CISCO). The main part presents general Internet readiness card and indexes for micro, small and medium enterprises. The final part contains conclusions and the direction of further research.

12

Authors: Marcin Jasiński

Fairtrade Town (FTT) campaign was initially launched in 2000 in English town of Garstand in order to promote Fairtrade products. After ten years of performing and more than 1000 places awarded with the title, FTT could now be perceived as beneficial not only to the disadvantaged producers from the underdeveloped countries, but also to the places themselves. The aim of this article is to present the FTT initiative as a marketing tool, which could affect the image of the places and give them additional value and distinctiveness in the eyes of different target markets, such as citizens, tourists or new residents. The article presents examples of how the FTT title can create additional value to the places and become a part of the city’s marketing message.

13

Authors: Jiří Mazurek

In group decision making conflicts arise from the fact that individuals or groups of individuals have often different opinions about problems’ solutions. These conflicts might have various degrees ranging from almost complete agreement to an absolute opposition of two equally strong sides. The aim of this article is to extend the evaluation of conflicts’ degree introduced by Z. Pawlak and others originally in the rough set theory context. The scope of this generalization embraces an arbitrary number of groups or individuals involved in a conflict, an arbitrary number of their attitudes as well as different degrees of agreement or disagreement on an issue (fuzzy conflicts). The evaluation of a conflict degree is divided into two levels, as both conflict situation as a whole and each individual in a conflict can be evaluated. The proposed measures of conflicts’ degree can be used in initial stages of decision making processes to the quantitative evaluation of conflict intensity, so they can provide useful information for a conflict potential resolution; and also, they might help to describe conflicts’ dynamics. Numerical examples of the evaluation of conflics’ degree are provided as well.

14

Authors: Jarosław Kaczmarek

A consequence of the inevitability of the occurrence of internal crises in companies is the taking of preventive action in place of purely remedial measures. In this respect a significant role is played by Early Warning Systems (EWS), which provide early warning information and financial threat assessments relating to the continuation of operations and bankruptcy not only for individual companies as such but also for companies as a whole. The limitations of existing models used for EWS purposes have led to the elaboration of new models, estimated on one of the largest hitherto drawn up teaching sets, constituting more than five hundred bankrupt companies. These models also distinguish themselves through the application of innovative methods and precise instruments; the structural concept of these models for multi–dimensional EWS purposes, accompanied by elements used for predicting, is presented in this article.

15

Authors: Pavel Jedlička, Jaroslav Kovárník

The paper deals with the specificities in the development of the unemployment of the schools graduates and the minors in the Czech Republic. Firstly, the authors analyze the size of this group of the unemployed and its share in the total unemployment. Through statistical data they demonstrate both the decrease in the total unemployment and the decrease in the unemployment of this chosen group. The data document a faster decrease in the unemployment of graduates in comparison with the decrease of the total unemployment. Then, the authors focuse on the specific features of the unemployment of school graduates and minors development. The data analyzed show a cyclical development of the unemployment within this group with the peaks in September and the minimums in May. The data also document a contradictory development in relation to the total unemployment. In the selected periods the unemployment of graduates decreases in contrast to the growth of the total unemployment or vice versa, the unemployment of graduates increases despite the decrease in the total unemployment. The authors also analyze the social structure of this group of the unemployed. The data show that a higher level of the acquired education enhances chances for a job acquirement. At the same time they emphasize the growth in demand for graduates with the vocational certificate compared to the graduates of the secondary schools. In principle, the group of graduates with basic education and without education remains absolutely unchanged. Owing to the decrease in the total unemployment its share has been rapidly growing. The next topic of this article is the analysis of the number of unemployed within the graduates in the view of financial crisis. This analysis shows, that graduates with some level of education have higher chance to get a job than the graduates without education, even in the context of financial crisis.

18

Authors: Peter Adamišin, Juraj Tej

Also the municipalities in the Prešov region were hit by the global economic and financial crisis. In this paper we analyze how the change of economic performance and subsequent revenue shortfall in the municipal influences the rates of individual components of real estate tax. The analysis was conducted in the region of Prešov in all district cities, using the average monthly wage of population, unemployment rate as indicators of economic performance and the changes of selected real estate tax rates.

27

Authors: Andreas Horsch

Much has been written about the origins and contagious processes that led to the subprime crisis of 2007 first and to the financial crisis thereafter that characterize financial markets ever since. This retrospective is designed to illustrate that it has been human action in the very entrepreneurial or managerial sense that has caused the financial crisis to emanate and spread. From this viewpoint, responsible actors can be identified not only within financial intermediaries, but as bureaucratic and political entrepreneurs within public institutions as well.

30

Authors: Ankit Arora

This research has the primal objective of forecasting the viability of Poland as a present member of European Union taking a step further and joining the inner circle by adopting euro as its currency. A study about short and long term implications of this decision on the country’s economic stability and growth prospects. This journey begins in the chaotic times of the Second World War, a brief snapshot of pre-European Union and Euro zone era, to understand the political and economic background. Taking a look at the convergence criteria, necessary to adopt the Euro. A comparison between Poland and other giants in the union, to know about its status on the grounds of these criteria. We measure the timeline which should be adopted by Poland to join by forecasting Global competitive Index to understand the trends for next 20 years. This gives us an approximate time that would be taken by this nation to be equally competitive with the ranks of Germany, France, etc to survive in a free trade region. This integration would only be profitable to Poland, if it brings in major trade and capital inflows as a result of elimination of exchange rate risks and transactions cost. Therefore we look at past and present performance of the Polish economy at this front. Lastly, we try to comprehend a socio – economic paradigm shift that is taking place in European nations and how it would affect Poland as a nation and an economy to conclude our study.