Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics

41-66

Authors: Aries Heru Prasetyo

This study aimed in contextualizing competitive advantage for social entrepreneurship from different perspective. Having defined social entrepreneurship as ways to have better solution in dealing with social issue, enterprise is believed to be founded upon some social mission. In that case, the role of commitment, loyalty and perseverance become an important concept to understand the characteristic of organization. One important signal found in the study was due to a rapid growth of development for the fields of knowledge. The study identified the important role of leadership and knowledge management to social enterprise. The three major contributions from the study are: (i) addressing the basic framework in analyzing social entrepreneurship, (ii) codifying possible network mapping faced by complex-social enterprise and (iii) proposing model for future competitive advantage by considering unique characteristics of social organization. The study enclosed with proposing three propositions which covered the relationship between social enterprise and the society and also some possibility to have different analysis between developed and developing country.

108-139

Authors: Yashar Salamzadeh; Maryam Rezai

Employing appropriate and up to date Business models in Organizations is so important due to the fact that it is the strategy which shows the main logic of a corporation in creating values in organizations. It is important to the extent that not employing an appropriate and up to date business model will prevent the organizations fulfilling their aims, even if they employ high technology or diverse resources. In fact, economical value of a technology is unknown until corporations employ an appropriate form of business model. It can be said that, those corporations employing more appropriate business models for a technology achieve more value than the corporations discovering that technology. A good business model is the basis of each successful organization, no difference the investment is new or it's an already established one. Due to the importance of this issue, in this study, we try to identify the main reasons for not being up to date or not developing business models in organizations. We do this by reflecting upon the results of credible and up to date researches in the area of different business models and obstacles or challenges facing different organizations. In line with what was said above, we employed library research, extracting updating obstacles in business models, questionnaire and field research for data collection process. Determining reliability and validity of the questionnaire, we distributed it among 198 corporations of management counseling in Tehran province. This research follows positivism paradigm and is practical, quantitative, and inductive. The results lead to the discovery of 35 cases of the main reasons of not being up to date and developed in using business models. As there was no basis for categorizing variables and formerly defined categories, in order to maximize the correlation between variables and factors, calculating the factorial ratio and determining the intended factors, we employed factorial design. Using this statistical technique, the variables were categorized in 4 kinds of obstacles: strategic, information, management, and system. At the end these are ranked using fuzzy Topsis technique. The results of ranking show the importance order of obstacles as follows: Informational factors, Systematic factors, managerial factors & strategic factors.

157-184

Authors: Áurea Sousa; Gualter Couto; Nélia Branco; Osvaldo Silva; Helena Bacelar-Nicolau

The importance of entrepreneurship promotion has increased significantly in today's society, especially during periods of crises. This work is based on the responses obtained through a survey conducted on a sample of 305 undergraduates of the University of the Azores, enrolled in different science pro-grams. The aim is to deepen the knowledge of the entrepreneurial propensity of higher education students in the Azores, and in that way the university can stimulate their interest in creating business-es. The main results obtained, using exploratory data analysis (from the univariate to the multivariate), are presented and discussed.

216-236

Authors: Siavash Mahmoudi, Saeid Mahmoudi, Ali Mahmoudi

Over the last few years, increase in the number of financial crisis cases has attracted the attention of a great number of investors and creditors to the prediction of these cases by using the data available from financial statements of the corporations in order to prevent losses which are caused by them. Many of the studies about the earning management only focus on identifying the factors which affect the earnings management and relation between earnings management and these factors and not on using these factors in order to predict the earnings management. On the other hand, in the present study, 12 influential factors, which are introduced by former studies, are used to evaluate the predicting ability of the neural networks for prediction of earnings management and its different levels. Multilayer perceptron neural network with 2 hidden layers is used for prediction. Moreover, the required data is obtained from the financial statements of the listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The results show that the applied neural network method has an acceptable ability for the prediction of earnings management and its different levels in all different studies industries.