The Swedish Journal of Scientific Research

1-8

Authors: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN OPTIMISM, PESSIMISM & FEAR ACCORDING TO A NUMBER OF BLOOD GROUPS FOR THE 2nd YEAR FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS, SALAHELDIN UNIVERSITY / ARBIL

The study aims to: - Show differences’ significance in optimism – pessimism variable for the 2nd year students according to a number of blood groups. - Show differences’ significance in fear for the 2nd year students according to a number of blood groups. The researcher used the descriptive method. As for the population of the study, it is a sample of the 2nd year students from the Faculty of Physical Education (167 students) chosen randomly. Concerning tools of the study, the researcher used optimism – pessimism and fear scales as well as identifying a number of blood groups for the students (A+, O+& B+). The researcher extracted validity and reliability of tests with the use of SPSS statistical method. The most important conclusions are: 1- Average fear level for students in the study sample. 2- Some blood groups with average level of optimism and some other groups with pessimism. 3- The O+ blood group showed average fear level compared with A+ and B+ for female students. 4- The O+ & B+ blood groups showed optimism, while female students with A+ group showed pessimism. 5- The sample of the study of students showed average fear level according to blood groups less in level for B+, O+ and then A+ group. 6- The sample of the study of students showed optimism for B+, O+ and then A+ group showed pessimism. 7- The study showed significant differences for the sake of O+ group for female students in optimism and pessimism and significant differences for A+ group in terms of optimism – pessimism and fear levels. KEYWORDS: (Optimism – Pessimism). Fear and blood group

13-17

Authors: Zuhair Al khashab - Samira Zaiya Hurmiz - Zeyad Al khashab

The aim of the research is to compare the results of the relative strength among powerlifting disabled women between Paralympic games Beijing (2008) and London (2012). The sample consisted (162) players, researchers has used the content analysis of the results of the two Paralympics championship, Beijing /2008and London/ 2012 for women in the sport of powerlifting for the disabled. The best successful trial of the athlete in each weight category and for all categories has been chosen. The percentage of the female lifters of London Paralympic games were the best in relative strength which has exceeded the double in five weights at 50% of the total weights whereas in Beijing /2008 Paralympic games, it was in three weights at 30% of the total weigh The discussion of the research indicates from the tables the order has been per maximum relative strength and doesn't agree- for some extent- with the sequence of women's weight categories, the so-called "the direct relation between weight and relative strength in the science of training. Light weight categories (48, 40, 44) have gained the highest relative strength issued by the weight category (48kg) exceeding the double real weight. The relationship between strength and weight have been converse, in other words the more the weight of the female player, the less is her relative strength The researcher ascribes this to the fact that in light weights, fats are too less in middle weights categories while in heavy weights fats are much more which minimizes the player's adequacy. Finally, No significant differences have been detected between the mean relative strength of women between the Beijing and2008 and London/2012 Paralympics games, the relative mean strength of women in London/2012 was the best. The researcher submits a number of recommendations proper to the aims of the research. KEYWORDS: Compare. Relative. Strength. Disabled. Women. Paralympic. Being (2008).London (2012)

24-28

Authors: Salah Wahab Shakir

Largely, progress of societies depends on research results, consulting and innovations that offered by universities and research centers and its researchers ideas. The clear picture of management reality of educational institutions and effectiveness formation, have become a necessity for these institutions to survival and continuation in a time of increasing competition to achieve outstanding performance in educational services. The researcher wants to achieve in this study, he is as a faculty member, to address the reality of effective principle management of sport education departments and their effectiveness in leading the department through vision clarity, mission, and goals, and certainly if they were present theperformancecharacterized were excellent, The is no solution come by confusion, disorder in performance and achievement. The researcher used the descriptive method and survey technique, the sample was selected of (32) teachers, represent a proportion (76 %) of the original population, which they are (42) teachers. The researcher follow a design form consist scientific steps to identify (effectiveness of administration according to the vision, mission and objectives) which have (42 items), and were identified the appreciation threesome alternatives to answer (yes, sometimes, both) and graded (3.2, 1) accordingly. Discuss Results It was clear from the presentation and results analysis of statistical treatments in response to sample, the researcher could be discussed as follows: The principle management of sport education departments were not effective, and the efficiency at the level relatively modest, it had lack inability and experience in planning functions and decision making, monitoring and evaluation, which constitute a whole management effectiveness, as well as the loss of harmony and lack of teamwork, which reflected negatively on the performance and creativity section. With regard to that question how we seeing the principle management of sport education departments his mission and goals it was ambiguous and lack of clarity, as well as non-adopted as a daily work approach performance that directed path to booth the principle management and all teachers and Associates. The all know with study evidence and proof of positive relationship between management effectiveness with vision, mission and goals that all public institutions, educational institutions and private adoption seeking to achieve quality performance and service objectives of the beneficiaries and the community The researcher's conclusions: The principle management of sport education departments does not have effective management, and has no vision for future and a clear mission and goals, seeks to achieve in spite of the presence of positive relationship between efficiency and research data. And the most important recommending of the researcher: All candidatepersonssubjectingto work in management of department of Physical Education must undergo have advanced level tests, as well as their involvement in modern evolutionary session and rehabilitation management. KEYWORDS: Management. Sport. Vision. Mission. Goals. Staff.

33-36

Authors: Noor Hatem

The process of evaluating performance all the master craftsman in this type of sports is of great significance and capabilities center, including its doers curricula, and that access to high-level sports requires access to full and accurate information about the performance of the players and activity in all cases of play, which is through Careful research to assess individual performance master craftsman, which we mean to follow the performance of the group as a whole during the match From the experience of the researcher found the players who master the lever movements and legs and move to the stadium Forward and backward who brought the best level, therefore considered it a researcher studying the problem and identify the extent of the relation some physical mobility has played in special fencing, which reflected on the level of performance master craftsman to the game. It is therefore felt that capacity researcher physical mobility has played in special fencing, which is reflected in the level of master craftsman performance to the game. Research objectives - to identify the relationship between some physical abilities and performance master craftsman foil weapon. - Identify the relationship between capacity and performance kinetic master craftsman in foil. Search assumptions: -. The presence of Relation of link between physical capacity and performance master craftsman in foil. - .A relation link mobility between capacity and performance master craftsman in foil. Research approach was taking 16 good student in this game, who accounted for 10. 66) From the original community was the special testing capabilities under research and compilation of unloading forms master craftsman and assess performance a relationship between performance and capabilities master craftsman physical mobility under discussion. -Conclusions: - the consensual capacity agility an important factor and effective in improving performance in the master craftsman Fencing. - The existence of a relation between each link from (the force of speed, muscular capacity Two Men) master craftsman performance in foil. Recommendations: - the need for attention to the physical capacities and capabilities mobility when developing programs continuously for golfers almbarzh in view of the importance of these two elements in performance master craftsman in Epee. -The necessity of holding capacities of other similar studies, which were used in the search. - taking into account the Capacity test when selecting player fencing. KEYWORDS: Performance. Physical abilities, Mobility. Fencing.

41-45

Authors: Sanaa Majid Mohammed

because the discus competition has plenty of interested people who were studying and developing its skills and its tactics, therefore the recent studies have turned to the subject of mental abilities to search for different ways and means to develop this competition , as the concept of mental abilities is one of the concepts that have emerged in the field of sport studies and in unlimited number of different sport games, the studies which were interested in the concept of mental abilities and its relationship with the skilled performance in many theories, opinions , ideas and thoughts that tried to study this concept in behavioral and Knowledgeably frame, on the sport field, which was till recently depend in its training programs on the physical, skill and tactical aspects only, ignoring unintentionally the mental abilities and its measuring methods and its ways to improving it and its relation with movement skills which leads in the end to the skilled performance of various sport competitions including discus. According the researcher, there is no scientific study mentioned the mental abilities in discus for elite players and its relationship with the achievement of the discus, so the statement of the problem is to know if there is a relationship between some of the mental abilities with the achievement of discus for elite players. The goals of the research: 1. Identify the most important mental abilities of elite players in discus competition. 2. To identify the relationship between some of the mental abilities with the achievement of discus for elite players. The researcher selected the research sample intentionally from elite players of discus for the sport season 2014 - 2015, (6) players were selected, and another (3) players were selected but not from sample of the research for the exploratory experiment. The researcher is clarifying them as follows: (Bourdon- Anvimov) modified test for attention, Sense-Movement recognition test Conclusion: 1. There is significant correlation relation between mental ability (attention intensity) with discus achievement for elite players. 2. There is significant correlation relation between mental ability (attention concentration) with discus achievement for elite players. 3. There is significant correlation relation between mental ability (Sense - movement recognition) represented by the sense recognition of the grip strength test with discus achievement for elite players. 4. There is correlation relation between mental ability (Sense - movement recognition) represented by the sense of time estimation test with discus achievement for elite players. KEYWORDS: Mental. Related. Achievement

51-56

Authors: Twana Wahbi Ghafoor

The study aims to: 1- Identify the effect of animated images with and without musical rhythms between pre and post tests on learning forehand and backhand shooting skills in table-tennis. 2- Identify the differences among groups of the study in post-measurements to determine the best educational method in learning forehand and backhand shooting skills in table-tennis. The researcher used the empirical method as it is proper to the nature of the study. Sample of the study was chosen purposively from second grade students at School of Physical Education, Halabja University for the academic year 2014 – 2015 (44 students) and they were divided into four equal groups: three empirical groups and one control group. The total numbers of sample are 36 students; each curriculum consisted of 10 units for each group (two units a week). The researcher used slow and loud music with applied exercises of both skills of straight forehand and backhand shots for the second and third groups. The researcher reached a set of conclusions including: 1- Using animated images with and without musical rhythms had a positive effect on learning forehand and backhand shooting skills in table-tennis. 2- The third empirical group excelled (animated images with loud musical rhythms) over the second empirical group (animated images with slow musical rhythms) and the control group in learning forehand and backhand shooting skills in table-tennis. KEYWORDS: Musical. Rhythms. Learning. Table-Tennis

60-65

Authors: Labeeb Zouyan Mosiseek - Nabhan Hamed Ahmeed

Sport training, according to the recurring training, is considered one of the important fundamentals that all rapid sports depend. Volleyball is one of these important sports. Raising up the level of skills requires major training effort that can be known through the physical and functional competence. Volleyball depends fully on the system of the anaerobic energy Through at Recurring training due to the nature of this sport that requires quick response for the players' limbs so as to face some sudden difficult balls. That system does not need oxygen foe a very short period of time. The physiological variables give a general assessment of the efficiency and capacity of the muscles to work in the absence of oxygen. This requires coaches and players to be aware of the functions of the various parts of the body. Thus, they determine the components of training load to improve the level of sports. Areas of Research 20 players was divided into two groups the first experimental and the second control group. Conclusions it The recurring training, lead to a positive change in the proportion of the rapid interaction activity in muscle and lead to raising up the level of the kinetic response. Codifying the elements of training with the high interval training style has a significance to improve the physical and physiological competence. Special exercises used in the training curriculum effectively contributed in improving the performance for Physical performance and skill of volleyball player. KEYWORDS: Ballistic. Explosive. Strength. Shooting. Handball.

78-84

Authors: Nabeel Kahdem Hrebid - Sarab Shaker

The development of fitness elements of the foundation stone in the development of skills the ability to handball players and one of the main requirements that help enable the player and governed by the inhabitants and play, especially that skill correction depends primarily on muscle power through the correction from several directions and distances and different angles and Ptoukitat variety and places multiple, and you need to provide kinetic momentum is connected to the transfer of power in the player of the two men's body to the arms of the timing correction of the ball by a good consistency, lies the problem of searching through researchers experience being the practitioners and trainers of the game handball noted that some coaches are turning in their training on the implementation of multiple means and methods in the development of power in general and non-specialist through physical exercises explosive speed and distinctive capacity or speed motor exercises and transitional and perhaps some exercises and weightlifting this reason inadequate training march to the requirements of the modern play,. So the researchers felt the use of plastic exercises to develop explosive power and distinct capacity as quickly and its impact on the accuracy of the correction forms to hand reel Nacian.uhedv search: 1-way set up a training program for the development of plastic explosive distinctive ability and the ability of the players as quickly reel Hand junior. 2-see the effect of developing explosive power and distinctive ability to perform fast forms of correction hand reel junior accuracy. The researchers used the experimental approach to design Almtkavitan groups with pre and post tests. And it identifies the research community Billabong aspiring hand reel in the denominator Sports Club totaling 28 players were selected the same random way and simple's 20-man squad, and is then divided into two groups the first trial and the rate of (10) players, and the second officer and the rate of (10) players The researchers also .ostkhaddm Ihamalosail statistical treatment of their data, namely, (Alusk arithmetic mean and standard deviation and t-test for independent samples and asymmetric) The most important findings are: 1. Showed significant differences between pretest and posttest results of the control and experimental groups in explosive power and speed and distinctive forms of correction for young players hand reel Development 2. The training curriculum ballistic prepared by the researcher (experimental group) had the effect of improving the explosive speed and the ability and distinctive forms of correction for young players hand reel by the results that have been reached development. KEYWORDS: Ballistic. Explosive. Strength. Shooting. Handball.