The Swedish Journal of Scientific Research

6-14

Authors: Majid AL-Busafi , Nawal Abdulla Al Bulushi

The objective of the study understands and highlights the primary administrative issues and barriers occur in the administrative system of Oman Athletics Association. In order to collect the sample, interviews were conducted with the people working in this association. The interviews were conducted with the directors, coaches and employees. The questions asked were related to the problems they faced and what kind of resources is required. The possible solutions according to them were also asked. The participants were divided into three groups, group A consist of employees, group B consist of directors and group C consist of coaches. The questions were asked according to their field. The results of the study depicted that obstacles faced by the association has the negative impact on the workflow and progress of the organization. There is the need of effective programs in the organization.

19-25

Authors: Belkadi Adel, Benbernou Othman, Sebbane Mohamed, Laroua Abdelhafid, Benkazdali H.M , Jaques Gleysef

This study was designed to determine the professional skills of coaches, which are identified and judged based on a large number of factors. The purpose of this article is to describe the views of four groups of professional actors concerning coaches’ skills: athletes, coaches, leaders and experts from the Algerian judo sport system. The actors of the system responded to the same series of questions regarding coaches’ skills. The actors’ views across the five groups of specific professional skills are more similar than dissimilar, with each professional group emphasizing a different item of the coaches’ skills. The results show that coaches and athletes have the same representations of technical and teaching skills. However, there is a discrepancy in representations regarding organizational and managerial skills. Stakeholders’ views are compared to the coaching science literature, and recommendations for developing a professional skills repository of judo coaches are provided.

42-64

Authors: Majid AL-Busafi

The research article is a follow up of the previous article, which has been published in the New Studies in Athletics journal (24 (2): 55-61/2009). The study focuses on the education of coaches. While highlighting the major perspective of coach education the research is providing the knowledge related to the field. The alternative directions have been provided which are built in the critical review of coach education studies and field observation. In this research secondary method and interviews are used. It focuses on the discussion of development and importance of coach education programs. This article criticizes the current IAAF Coaches education and Certification System and it.

58-61

Authors: Hamed Youssef Hameed , Al Nahrain University

Therefore, the importance of the study lies in the focus on studying width, length and frequency of the step at the starting moment and what is following. This is found in Iraqi athletes in 1000 meter dash races and their reflections on achievement by focusing on their personal physical characteristics. This information may help trainers in planning their training courses depending on biomechanics. Hence, the researcher refers to one of the training topics in the field of biomechanics at the same time. These studies are restricted to the study of steps’ length, frequency, speed rates of the different stages if this race and many other variables. However, as far as the researcher knows, there was no study tackling step width (side distance between feet at the moment of start or running). Through the researcher’s observation, as one of the specialists in athletics, sport training, biomechanics and technical field, he noticed that a lot of champions of this competition are characterized by short steps with clear width between them. The study aims to identify measurements of the side distance and some physical abilities related to temporal and spatial variables for 1000 meter dash runners.Tests of the Study Explosive ability test: this ability is represented in the long jump from stationary position. The distance jumped by the player (as the result of distance and dividing it to performance time) due to the following role: Explosive ability (result of jumping distance) = strength X performance time, so strength = result of jumping distance / performance time) measuring unit is meter / sec. Jumping distance is measured using measuring tape and performance time is measured by videotaping and kinetic analysis. Conclusions There was a clear excel for members of the empirical group which focused on achieving side step capacity while starting and at the first acceleration phase in all mechanical aspects related to the step Training on developing speed ability helps integrate all step variables to make good achievement. Achieving side step capacity reinforces motive strength while starting and providing necessary acceleration

69-75

Authors: Sanaria J. Mahmood , Shaymaa H. Mashkoor, Zainab Sabah Ibrahim

The problem of the study lies in the most important reasons of the weaknesses that affected the gymnastics game in its different skills in the university level , and the regression in the level of learning the game in both sexes as compared with other sport games. The study aims at knowing • The effect of the cooperative learning strategy in acquiring two skills of diving and standing on hands and front rolling on the mat of the ground movements in the artistic gymnastics. The researchers assumed • There is a statistically significant difference for the first experimental group that studied according to the cooperative learning strategy ( big group ) and the second experimental group that studied according to the cooperative learning strategy ( small group ). Chapter three :the sample of the study was from the female students of the physical college in the second stage, and they were (60) female students. Chapter Four its has been displaying the results and handle its in statistically , as well as analyzing and discussing the results. Chapter five includes the most important results, which are : • The cooperative learning strategy make democratic environment and lessen the dictatorship environment inside the lecture. While the recommendations are : • The necessity of using the cooperative learning strategy in teaching the basic skills of the artistic gymnastics for women in in accordance with the learning requirements Keyword : artistic gymnastics, ground movements, skills

85-88

Authors: Abdelaziz Hentati, Driss Boudhiba, Ayman Guemri, Saber Nouira, Hamza Baati, Salmen Jdidi

Competitive sports are based on an elitist system which is built upon the autonomy of the subject (De Tocqueville, Weber, Boudon). This feature is deeply-rooted in the imagination of humankind with degrees varying from one society to another (Hofstede, 1994). This author has identified four cultural dimensions. We retain one dimension, namely distance with respect to power. Subjects tend to accept submission if authoritarian influence comes from a famous person. With reference to this dimension, the experimental protocol proposes to students a scenario where they are called to respond to this command mode. The obtained results showed no significant differences between the estimated performance and the actual performance. We propose to complete the model of Hofstede by introducing a dimension illustrating the specificity of the Arab-Muslim culture. It is a culture of dignity where respect for authority, is associated with an affirmation of the equality of humans (Zghal, 1994).

93-98

Authors: Amer Saeed Al Khigani , Ayman Hany Abd , Yasameen Hameed Majeed

The study aims to identify the following: 1- ThetrendtowardsmodernismandmotivationforstudentsoftheFacultyofPhysicalEducation,BabylonUniversity. 2- The nature of correlations between trend towards modernism and motivation for students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Babylon University. 3- Nature of the study made it necessary to use the descriptive surveying method and correlations to achieve the two goals of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 40 students representing different stages in the Faculty of Physical Education, Babylon University. The researchers depended on both scales of trend towards modernism (by Amir Abdelhady) and achievement motivation (by Mohamed Neama) and showed the scales to a group of experts and specialists who expressed their opinions in consistency of both scales of the current study. After performing an exploratory trial, a main trial was made to reach the following conclusions: 1- Students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Babylon University enjoy high degrees of trends towards modernism and motivation. 2- High degrees of trends towards modernism for students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Babylon University are consistent with their high motivation. The researchers set a number of recommendations based on their conclusions they found. Keywords: trend towards modernism, motivation, students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Babylon University.