Journal of Life Economics

1-16

Authors: Mumtaz Hussain SHAH

This paper assesses the importance of infrastructure availability in the host developing country in increasing its attractiveness for overseas investors. I also take into account market size, economic development, macroeconomic stability, regional and income groupings, ability of the people to speak an international language and access to sea. Using annual data for a panel of 90 developing countries over the years 1980-2007, I found that consistent with the prediction of the market size hypothesis, population is found to have a significant positive effect on inward FDI. Sound macroeconomic management proxied by exchange rate and economic development have plausible significant effects on FDI inflows, whereas, high inflation signalling economic disorder deter foreign investors. Infrastructure availability measured through telephone-density positively influence overseas investors location choice. Though, it is sensitive to alternative proxy measures but robust with respect to specification of the estimating model. Language and geographic location dummies confirm that foreign firms prefer Anglophones, and are reluctant to invest in South Asia, MENA and Francophone countries. A significant time trend is also witnessed.

25-36

Authors: Maryna KATRAN

The article of the present analysis is to recalculate the economic impact of standardization. The standards have is the instrument of assistance trading development in not only commodities but also services, in the modern global world, and also promote integrations of countries in the world economic system. The urgency of this problem for Ukraine is determined.

43-50

Authors: Ömer Faruk BATIREL

The aim of this paper is to discuss the contribution of agreements of exchange of information on tax matters (TIEA) to avoid harmful tax practices non-cooperative tax havens of tax havens. Most of the small countries in Pacific region and autonomous jurisdictions of developed countries serve as tax havens and lead to harmful tax competition. Paper comprises two parts. In the first part the superiority of TIAE’s to Model Conventions to Avoid Double Taxation (DTA) and the important role of the TIEA’ to avoid harmful tax competition. Second part will be devoted to cooperation level of tax haven, uncooperative jurisdictions and Turkish Revenue Administration Practice.

71-86

Authors: Başak ERGÜDER

The most important output of Wealth Tax Law implemented to point the excessive profits gained via black market and monopoly as target in eliminating the shortages caused by the money supply shortages and high inflation rates in Turkey during World War II was that this law generated an economical transformation. The classification of the taxpayers as G (Non-muslims), M (Muslims), D (Proselyte) and E (Foreigners), the inclination towards real estates owners and merchants in tax assessment, tax collection made mostly in İstanbul caused a problematic table in terms of taxation principles. 87 per cent of all taxpayers in Turkey was non-muslims and 54 per cent was in İstanbul. 68 per cent of the taxes accrued in Turkey was accrued in Istanbul and 70 per cent of the taxes collected in the country was paid in İstanbul. It can be clearly seen in this table that this tax could not realise the principle of universality and equality and that the hidden goal was to realize the economical transformation. In this study, the outputs of the economical transformation generated by the Wealth Tax Law will be analyzed in terms of Turkification of the economy. Although the target of reducing the money supply and decreasing the inflation rates were not accomplished via Wealth Tax Law, the economical transformation, which was the primary goal of the law, was realized. In this study it will be focused in the role of SEE’s and public organizations in the sales and seizures made due to Wealth Tax. The seizure of Bahtiyar Han’s possessions by the Soil Products Office will be analyzed. This case deserves to be discussed and analyzed in terms of showing the mentality of the economical transformation and of the role of the public organizations in this period.

115-124

Authors: Özge UYSAL ŞAHİN

Inflation targeting regime is a modern monetary policy strategy, which is applied to maintain and sustain price stability. Inflation targeting regime doesn’t only decrease the inflation rate. It affects many variables from interest rates to investments, from public expenditures to production and national income and is also affected from these variables. In this study, it is tried to investigate the inflation targeting effects on government consumption expenditures and output gap by using of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averag (ARIMA) model. The data set covers the period from January, 1998 to September, 2013. The empirical results of the study show that inflation targeting has positive and significant effect on government consumption expenditures and output gap.

133-148

Authors: Leila CHEMLI

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between financial development and poverty reduction in 8 MENA countries (Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia and Yemen) over the period of 1990-2012 by using an “ARDL approach”. Our empirical results show that the financial development favors the poor. The ratio to domestic credit to the private sector as % of GDP is significant and positive for Algeria, Iran, Jordan, and Tunisia. This country represents a sample of the upper-middle-income economies. While the ratio to liquid liabilities (M3) as % of GDP is significant and positive for our entire sample. This result suggests that access to credit for the poor remains a challenge.

171-190

Authors: Murat DEMİR & Osman GEYİK

The aim of this study is to explain the concept of innovation that gain importance, and evaluate the success of East Asian countries those had important achievements on innovative,scientific and technological activities , and assess the development process of these activities in Turkey. The next aim of the study is to discuss the present situation of applications for patent and patentings that is the outgrowth of R&D and İnnovation investments. As a outcome of the study , we observe that the R&D and innovation expenditures is not sufficent in Turkey , and due to this reason the number of applications for patent and patentings very low in Turkey.

1-12

Authors: Sevda AKAR

The purpose of this study is to deal with Better Life Index in Turkey. This index is presented as an alternative to the income approach to measure well-being. In this study, index whic his introduced by the OECD, indicate that Turkey’s well-being. The results of study show that Turkey’s Better Life Index is the most lowest country. In the other words, compared with OECD countries, Turkey’s well-being values are relatively drop behind

41-56

Authors: Fatma TURNA

In this study, based on the European Central Bank, the historical development process/period of central banks will be informed and the structure of Federal Reserve Bank (FED) will be discussed briefly. Besides, the establishment of the European Central Bank, its objectives, tasks, organizational structure, independence, monetary policy strategy, monetary policy instruments, payment systems and its seigniorage revenues will be analyzed. In addition, the National Central Banks, the European System of Central Banks, the Eurosystem and TARGET/TARGET2 will be discussed. In this way, European Central Bank's structural, legal and technical infrastructure will be analyzed because it is an important institution in providing of Economic and Monetary Union.

69-80

Authors: Sibel AŞAN

The term “Tax Morale” is defined as the inner motivation which leads the people to pay their taxes. If we consider that a government cannot postpone the public expenses and most these expenses will be afforded with these taxes, one can not underestimate the importance of Tax Morale. The level of the Tax Morale of the people varies depending on the the society they live in and especially the construction of the community order. The rules that will be applied by the public authority and the behaviours that will be shown while applying these rules determining for the people’s attitude of tax.