Sport Mont

3-8

Authors: Kostiantyn Prontenko, Grygoriy Griban, Alla Aloshyna, Ihor Bloshchynskyi, Zhanneta Kozina, Olexandr Bychuk, Inesa Novitska, Mukola Korchagin

The influence of the kettlebell lifting training on the level of endurance development and functional abilities of the cadets’ cardiovascular system in the course of study is examined in the article. Cadets of the 1st–5th years of study (n=474) who were studying according to the current system of physical training (group А, n=416) and cadets who were attending a kettlebell lifting class (group B, n=58) took part in the research. The study of the level of endurance development was conducted during the following tests: 3 km race, 5 km accelerated march, and the obstacle course (400 m). The cardiovascular system functioning was examined concerning these indicators: heart rate, arterial blood pressure, Robinson’s index, and heart rate recovery from a standard load. The improved indicators of the endurance and cardiovascular system of group B cadets have been reliably determined (р<0.05–0.001) which proves the efficiency of the kettlebell lifting training concerning the future officers’ formation of physical readiness for professional activity.

17-22

Authors: Francis Mae L. Rebadomia, Jeremiah Seag Miguel G. Amparo, Jessa P. Reyes, Alvin George C. Cobar, Rhene A. Camarador

Brainwave entrainment has been a method used as a therapy to reduce anxiety and heighten concentration, facilitating brain to enter a specific state. In sports, brainwave alignment is facilitated as athletes utilized music in their pre-competition routines. The aim of this study is to know if wave-synchronized music influence power performance of collegiate athletes by gathering six (N=6) college throwers, 3 males and 3 females in a quasi-experimental research. Participants ranged from shotput, discus and javelin events. With reversal method, throwing performance data were collected for 11 days, with treatment days using both high (T1, T2, T4) and low (T3) frequency waves after every 2 untreated observations. Results show that synchronizing alpha waves (12 Hz) to music listened by athletes during warm-up leads to significant increase in throwing distances of participants compared to the untreated trial performance. On the other hand, synchronizing theta waves (0.5-3 Hz) to music produced lower throwing distances significantly when compared to day-before and day-after observations. Throwing performance for the untreated observations also showed an increasing trend before the theta wave treatment day. However, no long-term effect of alpha waves was directly seen after the intervention as perceived in latter untreated observations. Further studies are needed to compare music with and without wave synchronizers or to compare the utilization of preferred music versus unfavored music during warm-up.

29-34

Authors: Lefkothea Tsevairidou, Ourania Matsouka, Efstratia Tsitskari, Vassilios Gourgoulis, George Kosta

The aim of the present research was to examine the effects/correlations of transformational leadership style on employees’ psychological empowerment in the context of Greek municipal sport organizations. Moreover, the second aim of the present study was to examine the correlation of employees’ psychological empowerment on their job satisfaction in the same context of Greek municipal sport organizations. The sample of the research constituted of 30 managers and 247 employees of Greek municipal sport organizations, of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, of Western Macedonia and of Central Macedonia. In an effort to investigate the specific concern, the managers completed the multifactor leadership questionnaire of Bass and Avolio (1997), while the employees completed the psychological empowerment instrument of Spreitzer (1995) and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). SPSS 20 was used for the statistical data analysis. More specifically, regression analysis and Pearson’s rank correlation was used for the variables that satisfied the affair of regularity, while for those variables that were not satisfied the affair of regularity was used non parametric Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The results showed that self-determination, the dimension of psychological empowerment, had strong positive correlation with idealized influence attributes (IIA) (r=0.492; p=0.007), and strong negative correlation with idealized influence behavior (IIB) (r=-0.421; p=0.023) of transformational leadership style. Also, the study found significant positive correlation on psychological’s empowerment dimensions with all job satisfaction’s dimensions. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

41-46

Authors: Vladislav Bakayev, Alexander Bolotin

It has been established that the dynamics of rest/load indicators, as a rule, depends on the skill level of the athlete. More successful athletes have a high level of sympathetic reaction and activity of the central circuit for the regulation of heart rhythm to the load as a manifestation of functional reserves mobilization. A healthy powerful reaction to load and a high level of mobilization abilities are the most important parameters for the success of training and competitive activities during race running. The findings of a comprehensive assessment of heart rate variability in the evaluation of short 5-minute records and long (weekly) records indicate that, compared with athletes who train at the medium altitude, long-distance runners training on the flat terrain adapt to the conditions of sports activity with higher strain on regulatory systems. This is due to the lack of proper economization against the background of the initially low reserve and aerobic capabilities of the body, due, inter alia, to the low development of the autonomous control circuit. The above leads to overload and depreciation of the central control circuit at rest and, in connection with this, its low response to the impact under the conditions of physical and competitive loads. The cost of adaptation of such an organism increases significantly, its adaptation and competitive potential decreases. Accordingly, with a highly developed autonomous control circuit during training at the medium altitude, we can expect a higher competitive success of the long-distance runners compared to the long-distance runners who train on the flat terrain with poorly expressed control circuit.

53-58

Authors: Japhet Ndayisenga, Tomoliyus

The new challenges facing event sport tourism are explored in two parts: from an economic perspective, and social field as the tool to improve decision-making processes when organising sport events. The aim of this paper is to develop a deeper understanding of the perception from customers on the facility of sport tourism event management in other to allow continuance business. This study was a descriptive research with mixed methods. The subjects of this research were 51 international students from in 45 countries taken by representative random sampling. Data analysis techniques using correlation and linear regression among indicators-variables, and between variables themselves with Software SPSS.21 and PLS-SEM. The results showed that there was a significant effect from environment of the tourism place to the tourists’satisfaction , the relationship between satisfaction-perception was largely weak because of the transaction fees which are not moderated, and the deep lacking of types of sports in the Malang tourism place. Thus suitable environment, types of sports, tariff moderated become strong management tools that help sports managers to decide how to allocate resources to improve satisfaction, customer loyalty Originality/value: This study is the first to apply to explain career to the current situation in Malang tourism place.

63-68

Authors: Suncica Rogic, Vladimir Djurisic, Milena Radonjic, Stefan Vukovic

Over the past twenty years there has been a need to explore the process of achieving the goals of sports sponsorship, which is widely accepted in academic circles as well as in practice as an effective marketing communications tool. Mass communication through traditional media is replaced by a much more credible form of communication. Sponsorship can be seen as a B2B relationship that provides benefits for both parties. Previous literature suggests that greater brand exposure by consumers, as well as congruence between the sponsor and the sponsored, makes it easier to identify the sponsor. Loyalty is a form of psychological relationship with a brand, a sports team, or a manifestation that results in a positive attitude and behavior towards that subject. True loyalty exists when a consumer regularly purchases the products of that brand and has positive associations on the brand and its products. In the event of manifestations, a loyal customer can be defined as the one who regularly watch the event, either live or via the media. So, the assumption is that fans who are dedicated to the team have a higher level of knowledge about the event and its environment, and therefore also about the sponsors of their favorite club, which will be the research topic of this paper.

75-79

Authors: Jovan Gardasevic, Dusko Bjelica, Marin Corluka, Ivan Vasiljevic

The aim of this research was to determine the differences among the top football players of the club in Bosnia and Herzegovina, CSC Zrinjski Mostar and the top football players of the club in Kosovo FC Trepca ´89, the champions in their countries, in the morphological characteristics and body composition. A sample of 43 subjects was divided into two sub-samples. The first sub-sample of the subjects consisted of 28 players of CSC Zrinjski Mostar of the average age 24.36±4.14, the champions of the Bosnia and Herzegovina in the season 2016/17, while the other sub-sample consisted of 15 players of FC Trepca ´89 of the average age 21.80±3.57, the champions of the Kosovo Championship in the season 2016/17. Football players were tested immediately after the end of the competition season 2016/17. Morphological characteristics in the body composition were evaluated by a battery of 10 variables: body height, body weight, waist circumference, triceps skinfold, biceps skinfold, skinfold of the back, abdominal skinfold, body mass index, fat percentage and muscle mass. The standard central and dispersion parameters of all variables were calculated. The significance of the differences between the players of the top two football clubs in the morphological characteristics and variables for assessing body composition was determined by a t-test for independent samples. It was found that the football players of the two mentioned clubs don’t have statistically significant differences by the variables.

87-91

Authors: Yeldana Yerzhanova, Zhanna Sabyrbek, Ermek Dilmakhanbetov, Galiya Madiyeva, Kazys Milasius

Knowledge and competences are important for every person, especially they are important for physically active people. Although the knowledge and competence of athletes about nutrition is investigated, this subject is still a relatively new area in the science of nutrition of Kazakhstan athletes. Knowledge and competence is characterized as the ability of an individual to obtain, process and understand basic information on nutrition. The purpose of the work is to determine the level of knowledge, sources and the method of their acquisition by the investigated athletes. 199 students from Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and Abay Kazakh National Pedagogical University were enrolled in 1-4 courses in physical education and sports and 60 athletes of high sportsmanship - 15 volleyball players of Burevestnik teams, 15 judo wrestlers of the Kazakhstan national team, 15 wrestlers of the club team and 15 triathletes of the Kazakhstan national team were engaged in the study of the level of knowledge, method of acquisition of information on nutrition. The questionnaire prepared by Steptoe et al., (1995) was applied during the survey of students, directly interviewing each respondent. Kazakhstani athletes get basic information on nutrition from trainers and family members, and too few are accounted for by doctors and nutritionists. Public information systems are relatively ineffective. A survey of students showed that 26.2% of women and 43.3% of men receive information on nutrition from their trainer and teacher. They do not receive enough information on nutrition from media, radio and television. However, 26.2% of women and 18.5% of men receive such information via the Internet. When regulating body weight, women are mainly guided by their opinions, while men prefer coach recommendations.

99-102

Authors: Goran Leko, Klara Siljeg, Tatjana Greguranic

Development of aerobic capacity and endurance is important part of basic period in swimming training for age groups. The focus of this study was monitoring the progress of a group of 17 male swimmers, aged between 12 to 14 from HAPK Mladost, Zagreb. They were tested throughout basic period over 3 consecutive years (2016-2018). For this purpose, the training effects were measured by three tests: speed (25 m freestyle), speed endurance (6x50 m freestyle) and endurance (1500 m freestyle). Initial testing was performed after 2 weeks of adaptation while final testing was completed in the 12th week of each of basic period through all tree years. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the effects of the basic period. T-test showed statistically significant positive outcomes in all test results during 3 years of basic training (12 weeks per year). As a conclusion progress of the speed test was found increased with each year while progress of the remaining two tests decreased with each additional year. Swimmers that were measured in this research have won first place at National championship. As a result, the existing training plan for the age group was concluded to be used further. This research provided guidelines for further planning of swimming training.

107-110

Authors: Jana Izovska, Mladen Mikic, Michal Dragijsky, Frantisek Zahalka, David Bujnovsky, Mikulas Hank

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bilateral pre-season strength asymmetries and the injury of the lower limb in the season. Examined group consisted of 227 soccer players playing in the highest league competition in the Czech Republic (age 25.44±8.7, body height=182.1±6.6 cm, body weight=77.5±6.9 kg). We measured the isokinetic strength of the flexors and extensors of the knee by using the Cybex dynamometer Humac Norm at 60 m.s-1 angular speed and then we compared the bilateral asymmetries between the dominant and non-dominant lower limb in knee flexors and extensors. We retrospectively compare the injury to pre-seasonal bilateral strength imbalances between flexors and extensors of the knee. The results show that 65.9% of players who suffered non-contact leg injuries in the season had imbalances in knee extensors between preferred and non-preferred lover limb ≥10% difference before the season and the percentage of injured players with bilateral asymmetry of knee flexors was 67.9%. These results predict that abnormal muscle asymmetry between the lower extremities may be one of the causes of injury in the area of lower extremities.