Automation of technological and business - processes

5

Authors: P.P.Chervonenko, V.A. Boltenkov

У статті розглянуто автоматизація блоку очищення установок розділення повітря середнього тиску, яким враховуючи сучасні вимоги ринку, необхідно підвищити рівень автоматизації. Проведено аналіз існуючих вимог до установок середнього тиску. Поставлена мета роботи – розробка інформаційної технології для підвищення рівня автоматизації блоку очищення установки розділення повітря. Для досягнення поставленої мети необхідно було проаналізувати технологічний процес блоку очищення. Обґрунтовано необхідність вибору дворівневої системи автоматизації. Нижній рівень являє локальну система управління і контролю, а верхній – управляючий обчислювальний комплекс як робочу станцію на базі персонального комп'ютера. Розглянуто локальну систему управління та контролю, яка складається з блоку вимірювальних засобів, засобів регулювання та системи управління і контролю нижнього рівня. Приведено опис обладнання, що було використано для автоматизації блоку очищення. Розроблено програмне забезпечення робочої станції, що представлено графічним інтерфейсом користувача та управляючою програмою. Приведено опис алгоритмів керування блоком очищення, що підтримує роботу системи у трьох основних режимах, та дозволяє автоматично переходити між ними. Розробка і впровадження автоматичної системи управління роботою блоку очищення установки розділення повітря середнього тиску дозволило підвищити безпеку та ефективність роботи установки в цілому.

6

Authors: Voinova S. A.

It is paid attention to an aggravation of a problem of renovating of the process equipment which has spent a resource of working capacity. It is noted, that the basic part of production assets of the country is consist of the similar, worn out equipment. It is specified that similar position is characteristic for all branches of a domestic production, including food processing. The main tasks of a problem of partial renovating of the worn out equipment, allowing to raise a level of its technological efficiency are considered. The complex of the works providing technology, design of renovated technical object and its maintenance service is specified. This complex is consist of of some characteristic organizational-technical problems: inspection of a condition of the worn out equipment, the analysis of parameters of the planned mode of its use during the set future period of its functioning, development of means of renovating, practical realization of actions of programs і, including start-up in work and adjustment, its tests in operation, the analysis and an assessment of results of renovating. Features of the decision of problems of a problem in different conditions and at a different degree of wear of technical object are considered. Features of the decision of tasks of a problem in various conditions are considered and at a different measure of wear. It is noted, that the program of renovating includes two groups of works: increase of a level of technological efficiency of functioning of the equipment, and updating of statement of process of its operation. Potential of partial renovating and expediency of its wide appendix are shown at a current position of a major part of the operating domestic equipment. It is underlined, that at each enterprise there is a certain reserve of resource possibilities concerning carrying out of the program of updating of appropriate volume. It is specified a possibility of reception of large complex positive effect at the decision of tasks of a problem of partial renovating the worn out process equipment.

7

Authors: Volkov V.E.

The flame stability with regard to two-dimensional exponential perturbations both for the combustion in the half-open fire-chamber and the flame propagating in half-open channels is investigated. It is proved that only instability is possible for the combustion process. At the same time the one-dimensional flame instability is guaranteed near the front wall of the fire-chamber where the fuel supply is realized. Possibilities for the control of combustion in the halfopen fire-chamber and diminishing of intensity of pulsations are discussed.

7

Authors: Stefanyk Viktor,

The method of calculation of damage of covers of fuel elements of VVER-1000 is based on power version of the theory of creep which is experimentally confirmed. Results of calculation which allow to find algorithms of shifts of fuel assemblies with minimization of probability of depressurization of covers, can be used at design of the computer integrated control system (CICS) of the VVER-1000 reactor. The offered structure of CICS, which can be used when developing innovative technology of increase of safety and reliability of operation of the VVER-1000 nuclear fuel due to reduction of probability of depressurization of covers of fuel elements behind the mechanism of deformation damage.

9

Authors: Golinko I.M.

The base principle of multidimensional automatic control systems synthesis for artificial microclimate industrial systems is examined. The complex dynamic model of the industrial air conditioner with the steam humidifier in state space is gained. The method for an air microclimate monitoring by an indirect parameter of moisture content in air mix, which calculation is based on the measured values of temperature and a relative humidity, is offered. Synthesis procedure of a multidimensional linearly-quadric digital control with integral component for the industrial air conditioner is offered. Synthesis procedure of a multidimensional control differs from existing by presence of an air conditioner equipment sampling logic where control parameters adapt for the climatic equipment. The synthesis example of an optimal multidimensional control for air conditioner CV-P 2L N-63B/F-N is resulted, the matrix of feedback is synthesized, which determines the vector of optimal control trajectory based on plant state. The principles, mathematical models, procedures and algorithms recommended to use by the automation specialists for synthesis and analysis of industrial conditioners control systems.

10

Authors: Blochin L.N., Osadchy S. I., Kalich V. M., Kocherzhenko Yu.M.

This article is devoted to the development of a new method of calculating transfer functions matrices of optimal multivariable regulator’s control paths. The regulator is designed to maximize the accuracy of the linear multivarible control object transition from one steady state to another. It is assumed that control object acting disturbances and sensors measuring data have inertia and noise. Both disturbances and noises are an additive combination of regular and random components. Random components belong to a class of interconnected stationary processes with rational spectral density matrices. New method development is based on formulation of a synthesis problem with the help of a new control system block diagram, which is obtained as a result of taking into account sensors dynamics certification data. Synthesis of the regulator is carried out in the frequency domain by the Wiener-Kolmogorov method. A new algorithm, which is obtained as a result of synthesis problem solution, allows you to find the matrix of regulator transfer functions , which provide a minimum of corresponding quadratic quality criteria. The first of them is equal to the sum of certain way weighted squared deviations regular repetition errors of the object path and control signals. The second criterion is equal to the sum of the weighted variance of the random error components and the control signals. To execute the proposed algorithm it is necessary to perform the operations of Wiener factorization and separation of rational matrices. The corresponding functions are contained in the freely distributed software package SciLab.