European Researcher. Series A

409-417

Authors: Tatiana P. Yudina, Elena V. Sorokina, Mikhail M. Mazhul, Vadim S. Danilov

The effects of silver ions on the luminescent recombinant strain of Escherichia coli carrying luxCDABE operon of Vibrio fischeri were investigated. The toxicity of silver ions was determined in 30 minutes and in chronic 24 hours experiments. Changes in the luminescence intensity and in the growth rate of bacteria were considered as a measure of silver ions toxicity within the range of concentrations applied. The effect of silver ions was demonstrated to be strongly dependent on the concentration of bacteria and on the medium composition. EC50 values were 0.018 mg/l after 30 min exposure and 0.014 mg/l after 10 hours of bacterial growth. Comparison of two modifications of the experiment showed that silver ions have a strong non-specific toxicity, as well as a specific effect on bacterial cells.

424-428

Authors: Siti Solehah Mohamad Sanusi, Md Azree Othuman Mydin

Heritage building roof element conservation is a way to maintain the heritage and prolong the use of a historic building. In addition, the aims are to ensure that historic buildings that have been preserved don’t face the problem of damage and preserve architectural design. The objective of this study was to identify types of roof elements defects of colonial historic buildings and their causes. The survey is done to achieve this objective by inspecting the building. The survey results showed that various types of roof defects are caused by water. Conservation methods should be taken by owner to preserve the historic buildings from damage. Hopefully this study will give a better understanding of the conservation of the historic building roofs.

437-442

Authors: Olga A. Slobodchykova

The article, basing on scientific materials, analyses the scientific approaches to modeling the process of enterprise restructuring. Basing on that analysis, the model of enterprise restructuring is improved and the components of this model are examined in detail.

455-461

Authors: Vladimir Bilovesky

The European integration process is not happening away from us. The issue of integration is currently one of the subjects most widely discussed. It affects all of us. We have not fully come to terms the effects of integration yet. The article discusses it within the context of language diversity in Europe.

467-471

Authors: Fazira A. Kakzhanova, Samal Z. Ashimkhanova

Peculiarities of the Infinitive are investigated in this article. Peculiar features of the English Infinitive are analyzed in comparison with Kazakh Infinitive.

475-479

Authors: Nilufar Z. Abidova

The article highlights the results of research designed to form and develop the vocabulary in children with vision disorders. Preschool children with vision disorders took part in the research. The article attaches particular attention to the scientific and practical importance of this research, as well as to the results of the ascertaining part of the experiment. The conclusion, concerning the peculiarities of the development of vocabulary in preschool children with vision disorders was made on the basis of the ascertaining experiment

487-496

Authors: Theresa Tenneh Dick, Jianzhong Gao

Organizations are among the preferred outlets women use both to voice societal prejudices against them and to showcase their potential for rural/community development. There is an increasing advocacy for gender equality, women’s empowerment and the integration of women folks into the socio-economic, political and cultural fabrics of society. Girl-child education and women-based capacity building programs such as micro-finance, entrepreneurship, political activism, etc. have surfaced prominently on these women’s empowerment efforts. In this study, a questionnaire-driven survey is conducted in two districts in southern Sierra Leone. The survey covers 36 influential women in 36 town-level communities in the country. The study analyzes the personal and organization characteristics of the women in relation to social perceptions and rural/community development. A large percent of the women surveyed are educated, married and belong to social organizations. In addition to other social/development organizations, women’s organizations are also present in each of the surveyed communities. Most of the women organizations are local in nature and operate entirely on funds raised from within the local communities. This display of organizational ability of the surveyed rural women shows a significant perceptional shift towards recognizing women folks as productive counterparts in our societies. This trend also psychologically strengthens the women community to take on tangible responsibilities that were ones meant for men only. The analysis also shows that rural women hold managerial and other administrative positions in the organizations which are strongly oriented towards various forms of rural/community development. This is a significant positive deviation from the traditional perception which has unduly confined the women folks to the backyard for centuries now. This trend not only has the potential of benefiting the millions more women languishing in the developing world, but will also help affected countries to realize full national potentials of their God-given human resources.

508-512

Authors: Marina V. Mezhova

The article carries out a corresponding of the concept "civic literacy" and the concept "intercultural communication".Civic literacy is characterized as a person’s ability to assess political, economic, social and culturological situations and to make the relevant decisions both in native culture, and in the conditions of intercultural communication. The main criteriaof civic literacy formation are suggested and the model of interculturalcivic literate person is defined.