Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

4-14

Authors: Miloslav Steinbauer, Roman Pernica, Jiri Zukal, Radim Kadlec, Tibor Bachorec, Pavel Fiala

We discuss the numerical modeling of electromagnetic, carbon-based periodic structures, including graphene, graphane, graphite, and graphyne. The materials are suitable for sub-micron sensors, electric lines, and other applications, such as those within biomedicine, photonics, nano- and optoelectronics; in addition to these domains and branches, the applicability extends into, for example, microscopic solutions for modern SMART elements. The proposed classic and hybrid numerical models are based on analyzing a periodic structure with a high repeatability, and they exploit the concept of a carbon structure having its fundamental dimension in nanometers. The models can simulate harmonic and transient processes; are capable of evaluating the actual random motion of an electric charge as a source of spurious signals; and consider the parameters of harmonic signal propagation along the structure. The results obtained from the analysis are utilizable for the design of sensing devices based on carbon periodic structures and were employed in experiments with a plasma generator. The aim is to provide a broader overview of specialized nanostructural modeling, or, more concretely, to outline a model utilizable in evaluating the propagation of a signal along a structure’s surface.

19-24

Authors: Andrii Bomba, Yurii Klymyuk, Ihor Prysіazhnіuk

Mathematical models for predicting technological regimes of filtration (water purification from the present impurities), backwashing, chemical regeneration and direct washing of rapid cone-shaped adsorption filters, taking into account the influence of temperature effects on the internal mass transfer kinetics at constant rates of the appropriate regimes, are formulated. Algorithms for numerical-asymptotic approximations of solutions of the corresponding nonlinear singularly perturbed boundary value problems for a model cone-shaped domain bounded by two equipotential surfaces and a flow surface are obtained. The proposed models in the complex allow computer experiments to be conducted to investigate the change of impurity concentrations in the filtration flow and on the surface of the load adsorbent, temperature of the filtration flow, filtration coefficient and active porosity along the filter height due to adsorption and desorption processes, and on their basis, to predict a good use of adsorbents and increase the protective time of rapid cone-shaped adsorption filters with chemical regeneration of homogeneous porous loads.

29-32

Authors: Serhii Zakharchenko , Roman Humeniuk

The article is devoted to research on the possibilities to use redundant number systems for bit error notification in a successive-approximation ADC during the main conversion mode. The transfer function of a successive-approximation ADC with a non-binary radix is analyzed. If the radix is less than 2, not all possible code combinations appear on the converter output. The process of formation of unused combinations is investigated. The relationship between the bit’s deviations and the list of unused combinations is established. The possibilities of estimating the bit error value without interrupting the process of analog-to-digital conversion is considered.

38-42

Authors: Oleksandr Turovsky, Sergei Panadiy

The article investigates the possibilities of closed and combined synchronization systems for operation in the conditions of phase instability of generators caused by the influence of ionizing radiation of outer space. The inconsistency of the closed-type synchronization system with respect to minimizing the variance of phase errors and increasing the dynamics during carrier frequency tracking is shown. For the combined synchronization system, the article clarifies the process of open communication synthesis and proposes analytical dependences that allow the technique of open communication synthesis to be specified taking into account the phase instability of generators caused by the ionizing radiation of space.

47-50

Authors: Marcin Buczaj, Andrzej Sumorek

The article presents the concept and capabilities of a computer system for analysing measurement data for a skew rolling mill used to produce steel balls. The computer system for data acquisition and analysis consists of cooperating systems designed to perform control and measurement tasks during the operation of a skew rolling mill. Their main task is to collect and record data related to the measured physical parameters of the batch rolling process. This system registers the current and analyses the radial forces and torque acting on the rolled element by the rolling tool. The process of data acquisition, analysis and archiving is carried out by means of an NI USB 6009 measuring card together with the attached systems of transducers and force and torque sensors and a computer with an installed application. The measurement application was developed in the LabVIEW environment. The application algorithm is based on the state machine architecture and enables the configuration of measurement elements and technical parameters, checking the functioning of the control and measurement system and the acquisition and archiving of measurement data.

57-60

Authors: Kanstantsin Pantsialeyeu, Anatoly Zharin, Oleg Gusev, Roman Vorobey, Andrey Tyavlovsky, Konstantin Tyavlovsky, Aliaksandr Svistun

The paper reviews the results of a study on the surface electrostatic charges of dielectrics obtained using the contact potential difference (CPD) technique. Initially, the CPD technique was only applied to the study of metal and semiconductor surfaces. The conventional CPD measurement technique requires full compensation of the measured potential that, in the case of dielectrics, could reach very high values. Such high potentials are hard to compensate. Therefore, the conventional CPD method is rarely applied in the study of dielectric materials. Some important improvements recently made to the CPD measurement technique removed the need for compensation. The new method, which does not require compensation, has been implemented in the form of a digital Kelvin probe. The paper describes the principles of the non-compensation CPD measurement technique which was developed for mapping the electrostatic surface charge space distribution across a wide range of potential values. The study was performed on polymers such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE).

65-68

Authors: Piotr Paplicki, Paweł Prajzendanc, Marcin Wardach

The paper presents a design of an axial-flux surface-mounted permanent-magnet generator with flux-regulation capability. Based on three-dimensional finite-element analysis (3D-FEA), the no-load air-gap magnetic flux density, flux-control characteristics, cogging torque and electromagnetic torque of the machine have been predicted. Simulation results of no-load back-EMF waveforms performed at different DC control coil excitations have been compared with experimental results.

73-76

Authors: Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk, Arkadiusz Urzędowski

Modern technologies allow for quick processing of digital images. In the era of the Internet, there are many mobile applications supporting the digital processing of photos used on social media. The algorithms of many popular social networks focus on many factors, however, the photography that is placed on a given portal is of great importance. Social media allows you to reach many sources and people. With the help of a good photo, we can get high post reach that contain additional information. The use of mobile applications helps to achieve very good results. This paper presents the results obtained in the process of comparing posts using digital photo processing with those in which the photos were used without processing in a graphics program.