NPunto

16

Authors: Mifsud Grau, L

Attend emergency in primary care is fundamental in the structure of the Spanish public health. They suppose to extend the hours of the many health centers so that the medical consultation is available 24 hours a day, 365 days per year. Thousands of patients are evaluated by phisicians every day at this place but studies in this area are scarce. Therefore, we consider that knowing how is the patient who comes to this kind of health center, as well as assessing their quality of life through the SF-36 questionnaire will allow us to know better our patients and progressively try to offer a better service.

22

Authors: Moya Crespo, M.J

Introduction: United States is experiencing an epidemic due to the misuse of opioids, and in Spain, in the last 20 years, there has also been an increase in the prescription of opioids, which increases the risk of poisoning. In addition, the presence of new synthetic opioids without medical authorization is exacerbating the problem. Up to one in four patients on long-term opioid medical treatment struggle with opioid addiction. Objective: To know the impact that the consumption of opioids has on people and analyze the management of acute opioid poisoning, as well as if there are ways to identify it ahead of time and prevent it, identifying the approach from Nursing. Methodology: A total of 56 documents, in English and Spanish, have been selected to carry out this bibliographic review. For this, search engines such as PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library or scientific journals, among others, have been used. In addition to websites such as the World Health Organization or the Spanish Ministry of Health. Results: Opioid intoxication has a characteristic triad: Miosis, respiratory depression, and coma. The most effective measure is the administration of the antidote as soon as possible, Naloxone, which is usually administered intravenously and rapidly reverses unconsciousness and apnea caused by opioid intoxication. The initial dose undergoes some small variation according to the guidelines and the authors, but most fix it between 0.2 - 0.4 mg, depending on the severity of the symptoms. Conclusion: The administration of Naloxone can cause withdrawal syndrome, so it is recommended to administer it in low doses and repeat it if necessary. It is possible to prevent opioid intoxication in patients at risk of their misuse, for this it is necessary to carry out a multidisciplinary follow-up from Primary Care and establish alternative strategies such as pain treatment, within a multimodal technique that includes pharmacological treatment, non-invasive interventions. pharmacological, psychological support and rehabilitation.

28

Authors: Rascón Guijarro, M.P

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex and worrisome phenomenon defined as the deliberate destruction of one’s own body tissue in the absence of suicidal intent. The significant increase in its prevalence in recent years and the multiple negative consequences of this behavior have led it to be considered a public health problem. Despite the inclusion of NSSI in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as an independent diagnostic entity, it is still confused with suicidal behavior and other mental disorders. The purpose of this bibliographic review is to understand non-suicidal self-injury in order to find specialized modes of treatment in emergency care. Working on the stigma that surrounds the NSSI and offering training that changes the negative attitudes of professionals can encourage the person to stop hiding this problem and ask for help. Understanding the functions of the NSSI helps to make sense of this behavior, the most frequent function being emotional regulation, which tries to numb unbearable emotional pain through physical pain. A biopsychosocial approach offers a more comprehensive view of self-injurious behavior as complex, multicausal, and multifactorial behavior that stems from painful life experiences. Although there is not much data on the efficacy of interventions in NSSI, systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that psychological therapies can help people struggling with self-harm.