Scientific Horizons

9-18

Authors: Martina Vidová Uğurbaş, Jana Kaťuchová, Darina Petrášová, Timea Špaková, Jozef Radoňak

The main objective of our experiment was to prove the effect of mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow (MSCs) on the stimulation of liver regeneration. The attention has been paid to adaptation of stem cells to the new environment and their transfer to anatomical structures. The experiment included 40 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats aged 10 to 12 weeks. Biomodels were divided into five groups in the same number (n=8). Group 1 consisted of a control sample of eight healthy rats. Group 2 consisted of eight rats after liver resection without application of MSCs. Group 3 was after liver resection and application of MSCs. Group 4 after liver injury induce with Thioacetamide (TAA), without transplantation of MSCs. Group 5 was after chemical damage to the liver by TAA administration and MSCs transplantation. The process of stimulation of the liver was observed based on the laboratory values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin and bilirubin. The weight of the rats in each group was also compared. Animals were sacrificed after 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days. In our experiment we found a statistically significant decrease in ALT (P≤0.001) and bilirubin (P≤0.001) was observed in the groups 3 and 5 (treated with MSCs) compared to the groups without MSCs (Groups 2 and 4). The increase in the albumin levels in the groups 3 and 5 was statistically significant. The results of our experiment led us to the conclusion, the transplantation of MSCs has important effect for the treatment and stimulation of liver regeneration following injury. MSCs administration may be extremely useful in a number of clinical applications in the treatment of liver tumors. It will allow us to perform extensive resection of the liver without risk of liver failure

35-45

Authors: Oleksii Mamenko, Serhii Portiannyk

Correlation analysis constitutes an essential method of statistical processing of the obtained scientific research results. Its proper application using special computer software and reliable results allow practically facilitating the work of the veterinary and livestock service in the production of environmentally safe high-quality cow's milk. The purpose of this study is to analyse the correlation between the content of toxic metals Cd and Pb in the blood and milk of cows using the STATISTICA computer software version 10.0. Scientific and economic experiments were conducted on dairy cows with different types of feeding. All animals selected according to the analogue method in terms of live weight and productivity were divided into three groups: the first control group and the second and third experimental groups. The diet included feeds with an excess of heavy metals, especially cadmium and lead. The high biological activity of pollutants affected their migration from the feed of the diet through the gastrointestinal tract to milk. To reduce intoxication of the animal body, premix “MP-A” was introduced into the main diet of cows of the second and third experimental groups, and in the third experimental group – premix “MP-” and injection of the biological product “BP-9”. First, using the Shapiro-Wilk's W test, the study verified the obtained data from laboratory tests of blood and milk for the concentration of toxic metals, the law of “normal” (Gaussian) distribution, and then the necessary Spearman's non-parametric rank correlation coefficient was selected for calculation. The analysis revealed a high correlation between the variables, which was within r=0.82-0.91 (Cd) and r=0.78-0.96 (Pb) with probability (p<0.05) in animals with different types of feeding. The discovered high correlation allows veterinary medicine specialists to quickly apply measures to reduce the toxic load of the body with elements only by analysing blood for cadmium and lead, and timely prevent the production of low-quality dairy raw materials, including using premix and phytobiopreparation tested in the experiment. Further research is aimed at analysing the correlation between other indicators of the quality and environmental safety of milk and feed, constructing regression equations that will practically contribute to the activities of specialists whose task is to ensure the production of high-quality environmentally safe cow's milk

54-68

Authors: Yurii Polupan, Dmytro Kucher, Oleksandr Kochuk-Yashchenko, Olga Biriukova

The article presents the results of research on the influence of paternal origin and belonging to a related group on the level of milk productivity of cows and the reproductive capacity of Jersey cows in the farm “Dan-Milk” of the Zhytomyr Region. The purpose of this study is to establish the influence of paternal origin and belonging to a related group on the level of milk productivity and reproductive capacity parameters of Jersey cows. The study established a substantial level of differentiation in the main economically useful features between groups of half-sisters by father. The best quantitative indicators of milk productivity were noted among the daughters of bulls DJ Jante 302761 (P<0.001) and Headline 114114336 (P<0.001), the worst indicators – among daughters of Karl 67037285. The highest indicators of fat and protein content in milk were noted in the cows bred from the bull Legal 61929249, the lowest – from the bull Karl 67037285. The influence of the origin of cows by father on the variability of milk yield and yield of milk fat and protein was 20.3–30.3% (up to P<0.001), the content of fat and protein in milk decreased to 13.2-20.0% (P<0.01 and P<0.05), and according to the reproductive capacity features – to 7.8-19.0% with an unreliable level of statistical significance. Prepotent as to milk yield are bulls Legal 61929249 and Headline 114114336, as to the content and yield of milk protein – Legal 61929249. Cows of the related group bred from the bull Observer 553236 are characterised by the highest milk yield and yield of milk fat and protein for both the first and best lactation, and cows of the related group bred from Surville 604694 are characterised by the worst yield. The influence of belonging to a related group on the studied features was several times lower (0.2-10.5%) compared to the influence of paternal origin. With an increase in the milk yield of cows over the first lactation, there is a stable and substantial decrease in the reproductive capacity coefficient due to the lengthening of the service period between the first and second calving. Such natural antagonism does not imply the goal of increasing the duration of the service period to obtain maximum milk yields for firstborn cows, since this will lead to a decrease in the yield of calves and render timely replenishment of the herd impossible. It is optimal to milk the firstborn up to 8 tonnes over 305 days of lactation while maintaining a satisfactory reproductive level

81-91

Authors: Anatolii Kulyk, Kateryna Fokina-Mezentseva, Nataliya Boretska, Aleksii Bilousov, Svitlana Prokhorchuk

The inventory management system is designed to continuously ensure the production activities of the enterprise with all necessary resources. The purpose of this study is to build a probabilistic model that can be proposed as a new inventory model, which establishes the relationship of period factors between the purchase of parts and the duration of their suitability, which affect inventory management. The research methods are based on a probabilistic approach using continuous distributions. Using the statistical method, point estimates were found for the studied parameters: mean and standard deviation. The histograms of relative frequencies between dates of two next purchases, volume of purchases of details and days of replacement of the fulfilled details are constructed. The critical areas for the studied parameters are illustrated. The values of the difference in days between the purchases of parts and the values of purchases of parts that meet the normal distribution of random variables with the appropriate parameters, as well as the critical values of the need for parts in the production process. The size of the part reserve, which corresponds to Erlang distribution, was found, depending on the established risk factor. For different values of this factor, the value of the difference in days between the purchases of parts, the size of purchases and the reserve of parts that correspond to the distributions of random variables, as well as the critical value of the need for parts in the production process to avoid downtime. Using the central limit theorem, it is shown that the purchase volume of parts and the volume of used parts are distributed according to the normal law. The study concludes that the probabilistic approach is the basis for forecasting inventory management in the enterprise, taking into account the risks associated with determining the optimal demand for raw materials in the enterprise

108-120

Authors: Igor Vinichenko, Serhii Tkachenko, Larysa Kurbatska, Dmytro Volovyk, Olena Shevchuk, Nonna Surzhenko

The article implements aspects of managing the potential of agro-industrial enterprises in the consumer market. A comprehensive methodological approach to diagnosing the model of assessing the management of the potential of agro-industrial enterprises is proposed, which on the basis of the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy theories allows to optimize its level in the chain of aggregate components, reduce the pressure of factors to limit the competitive position of businesses in the consumer market. It is proved that economic diagnostics allows to reveal causal relations in managerial dysfunctions and to pass to the model of sustainable development of the enterprise and effective use of its potential. A group (integrated) system of economic system diagnostics is proposed, which combines the properties of traditional “rigid” models and algorithms that assess the state of management of agro-industrial enterprises and the reasons for their dysfunction in many uncontrolled flows of resources, with the probability of failure. It is substantiated that the main component in managing the potential of the enterprise is the availability of potential resources, the totality and interaction of which opens up promising opportunities to achieve management goals. The directions of estimating the value of the potential of the agro-industrial enterprise are determined. An expert assessment of the integrated factor coefficient of economic stability of the potential of agricultural holdings of the meat-processing unit of Ukraine has been carried out. The graph-analytical levels of type manifestations of the potential and the profile of its components at the enterprises of agro-industrial production of meat processing unit are determined. Standardized coefficients for rating of agricultural holdings of the meat-processing unit of Ukraine according to their potential have been calculated. The forecast level of indicators and the integrated coefficient of effective management of the potential of agro-industrial enterprises are established