Scientific Horizons

16-21

Authors: Svitlana Sapko

The present article describes studies on the use of veterinary anthelmintic drug “Moxistop” (drops) to prevent helminthiasis in dogs and cats of different ages. These studies are relevant because the market has a wide range of anthelmintic drugs; “Moxistop” with its constituent substances (moxidectin/praziquantel) provides effective prevention of a wide range of helminths. Prevention of helminthiasis is an important anti-epizootic measure, which carried out at least once a quarter. Infection of dogs and cats before and 14 days after treatment was determined by examining fecal samples by Fulleborn flotation. The effectiveness of the drug was established because of the number of helminth eggs in 1 g of feces before and after treatment. For the treatment of dogs was used “Moxistop for dogs” (LLC SPE “SUZIRYA” Kharkiv, Ukraine): the active substances – moxidectin (25 mg/ml) and praziquantel (40 mg/ml), and for the treatment of cats used “Moxistop for cats”: active substances – moxidectin (10 mg/ml) and praziquantel (40 mg/ml). The drug was applied to experimental animals in drops (“spot-on”) on dry intact skin (topical application). As a result of a single application of the drug “Moxistop” drops found that on (4–6) days after application of the drug to dogs and (4–5) days after administration of the drug to cats, diarrhea in all animals stopped, feces became decorated, homogeneous consistency, not had additional inclusions. The animals were not disturbed, did not lick the skin around the anus, no side effects from the skin (redness or irritation, hair loss), increased local temperature or any signs of poisoning. No cat was detected in coprology studies on 14 days after deworming of helminth eggs. In the first series of experiments (groups I and III) conducted on dogs and cats infected with both cestodes and nematodes, a 100% therapeutic effect was obtained in cestodes in dogs and cats. The extent of invasion in dogs with nematodes was 80.0%, and the decrease in the number of eggs after treatment was 97.5% (from 157 ± 13.4 to 4), in cats, these figures were 100%. The effectiveness of the drug “Moxistop” in dogs and cats (groups II and IV animals), which was 100% in the second series of experiments with a high degree of nematode infestation (more than 500 eggs in 1 g of feces). According to the results of the tests, it was found high efficiency of the drug “Moxistop” in the invasion of Dipylidium canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina and Uncinaria stenocephala in dogs and cats of different ages

28-38

Authors: Liudmyla Piddubna, Daria Zakharchuk1, Ruslan Bratushka

The sperm quality of stud bulls is an important indicator on which depends the result of cattle reproduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Holstein bulls in terms of productivity and quality of sperm in the conditions of LLC “Ukrainian Genetic Company”. The study was carried out on livestock of 20 stud bulls of the Holstein breed of foreign selection, which were in the same conditions of feeding, keeping and use. The sperm production parameters were determined using an IVOS sperm analyser and evaluated in accordance with respective DSTU standard. Freezing resistance of sperm was estimated as a percentage ratio of sperm doses rejected after cryopreservation to their total amount. The absolute sperm efficiency of stud bulls was evaluated by the method of the experts of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V. Zubets of National Academy of Agrarian Science. It was found that that stud bulls of LLC “Ukrainian Genetic Company” are characterized by sufficient fertility. They have produced, on average, 156 ejaculates within a year, which included 106 high-quality ejaculates (67.9%). Characteristics of sperm efficiency of experimental stud bulls are rather variable (Сv from 23.1–79.7%), and vary within the following limits: the number of high-quality ejaculates throughout a year – 3–173 pcs., native sperm obtained – 201–1016 ml, percent of rejected sperm – 3.1–76.1, doses of sperm obtained – 5755–61920 pcs. It was revealed that probable difference in sperm production indicators of sperm providers is associated with their individual characteristics. Volume of ejaculate ranges from 3.77 to 7.30 ml (d=3.57; td=16.6; P<0.001), sperm motility ranges from 7.2 to 8.3 points (d=1.1; td=11.1; P<0.001), sperm concentration in ejaculate ranges from 1.51 to 3.52 bln/ml (d=2.01; td=24; P<0.001), freezing resistance of sperm ranges from 59.6 to 99.6%. Holstein stud bulls of LTD “Ukrainian Genetic Company” have rather high sperm productivity index that ranges from 5.19 to 15.29 bln of motile spermatozoids in ejaculate. A strong positive correlation was found between motility and sperm concentration (r = +0.825; P<0.001), motility and the quantity of sperm doses obtained per year (r = +0.766; P<0.001), concentration and quantity of sperm doses obtained per year (r = +0.595; P<0.001)

53-60

Authors: Olha Budnik

The globalisation of Ukrainian economy, the distribution of land resources, the diversity of commodity producers and the radical breakdown of property relations have significantly affected the agricultural sector and production volumes. The development of farming in such conditions is accompanied by a set of financial, economic, material, technical, and social problems. This implies the need to introduce a qualitatively new conceptual paradigm of its development. The purpose of the study is to prove the relevance and feasibility of the application of the cooperative marketing paradigm complementary with marketing tools in the in the context off meeting the business interests of farmers. The objectives of the study are: identification of the main directions and trends in the development of farm business; implementation of the service cooperation concept in their activities in combination with marketing tools as well as the substantiation of the prospects of using cooperative marketing for farmers. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: abstract-logical and statisticaleconomic, analysis and synthesis. The undeniably important role of farms in agricultural production has been identified. It is emphasised that they have a number of competitive advantages, however, currently, they cannot fully use their own potential. Instead, the agricultural service cooperatives will contribute to the establishment of long-term and effective coordinated interaction in the rural society. The application of the radically new management approaches is proposed, the basis of which is the cooperative ideas with the marketing tools. The methodological understanding of the use of cooperative marketing in rural areas is presented and its prospects are proved. It is argued that the concept of cooperative marketing implementation to the agricultural business environment will contribute not only to the emergence of economically strong, competitive business units and the establishment of the favourable business climate, but an increase in the welfare of the rural population

70-80

Authors: Olena Kilnitska, Lyudmyla Starunska, Svitlana Pereuda

The assessment of personal security was made with the results of the analysis of the development, provision, application, and incentivisation of personnel of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to clarify the theoretical and methodological approaches to personnel security assessment in agricultural enterprises and to develop areas for its provision. Historical and economic, abstract and logical methods, statistical and economic techniques were applied in the study. The methodological part of the study established that the main imperative of social responsibility of entrepreneurship is the provision of the enterprise with personnel. Personnel security is a dominant feature of economic security of the enterprise, which ensures its sustainable development. The study determined the basis of the population in rural areas of Ukraine for the development of the workforce of agricultural enterprises. The study analysed the dynamics of development of the average number of full-time employees in the economy of Ukraine for the last five economic years. The structure of employment of the population of Ukraine by types of economic activity was determined. A complex characterisation of the dynamics of the personnel rotation at agricultural enterprises is carried out according to the following indicators: the level of hiring and dismissal; rate of change in the number of employees. The level of working time usage per one fulltime employee by types of economic activity in Ukraine was analysed and this indicator was compared with the level achieved in foreign countries. The organisation of material incentives for labour is identified. At present, this is very problematic, as there is a decrease in the real level of wages in all spheres of economic activity and in agriculture in particular. The objective reasons that threaten the personnel security of agricultural enterprises are identified. Reserves have been identified for improving the personnel security of agricultural enterprises to achieve a strategy for their sustainable development and economic sustainability. The study proposes measures to reduce risks and eliminate threats associated with the development, organisation, quantitative and qualitative provision of the enterprise with personnel capable of performing intellectual creative activity, commercialising innovations and putting them into practice

88-100

Authors: Lyudmyla Bovsh, Larysa Hopkalo, Alla Rasulova

The relevance of the study of diversification approach to customeroriented management of the hotel and restaurant businesses is caused by the need to find areas of business management in the context of deepening economic crisis. The hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine has been in a crisis plateau for a long time, which changes in the types and nature of influence and over time only exacerbates market and economic risks. The viral pandemic, which has halted many hotel and restaurant businesses, has drawn the attention of scientists and experts to the importance of mitigating risks through other sectors of the economy that were less affected or on the contrary, benefited from quarantine restrictions. Cancelled services reservations caused significant losses, and only subjects of hotel and restaurant business, which had a financial safety margin and / or diversified business, were able to stay on the market and use this time to strengthen customer orientation through CRM-systems, branding, development of diversified business concepts in the framework of concentrated diversification. The purpose of this paper was to determine the theoretical aspects of the formation of diversification policy and development of the customer-oriented approach for the hotel and restaurant business. The paper deals with the internal capabilities of the hotel and restaurant entities for reorientation, re-profiling, and diversification of the business, which are determined on the basis of modelling the hotel service system. To consider the features of the diversified approach, a number of general scientific and specific methods were applied, which allowed to formulate the theoretical provisions of the directions of diversification. Restrictions on access to the current operating performance of hotels and restaurants in the conditions of the pandemic have created certain information gaps in the development of practices of the application of customer-oriented tools and technologies, areas of diversification. Therefore, directions for future research are the study of successful results of diversification activities for hotel and restaurant businesses in Ukraine and around the world