Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research

325-337

Authors: S. P. Tiwari, P. Shanmugam, Y. H. Ahn, J. H. Ryu

Accurate modeling of spectral remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) is of great interest for ocean colour studies in highly turbid and relatively clear waters. In this work a semianalytical model that simulates the spectral curves of remote sensing reflectance of these waters is developed based on the inherent optical properties (IOPs) and f and Q factors. For accommodating differences in the optical properties of the water and accounting for their directional variations, IOPs and f and Q factors are derived as a function of phytoplankton pigments, suspended sediments and solar zenith angle. Results of this model are compared with in-situ bio-optical data collected at 83 stations encompassing highly turbid/relatively cleared waters of the South Sea of Korea. Measured and modeled remote sensing reflectances agree favorably in both magnitude and spectral shape, with considerably low errors (mean relative error MRE -0.0327; root mean square error RMSE 0.205, bias -0.0727 and slope 1.15 and correlation coefficient R2 0.74). These results suggest that the new model has the ability to reproduce measured reflectance values and has potentially profound implications for remote sensing of complex waters in this region.

345-348

Authors: F. Bagheri, N. Ghafarnia, F. Bahrami

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the diagnosing approaches to detect heart disease. In this study the Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) is applied and proposed for ECG signal modeling and noise reduction. The Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) is a recurrent neural network that stores the information in a dynamic stable pattern. This algorithm retrieves a pattern stored in memory in response to the presentation of an incomplete or noisy version of that pattern. Computer simulation results show that this method can successfully model the ECG signal and remove high-frequency noise.

352-358

Authors: F. Yu, C. Wang

In this paper, a new three-dimension (3D) autonomous chaotic system with a nonlinear term in the form of a hyperbolic sine (or cosine) function is reported. Some interesting and complex attractors are obtained. Basic dynamical properties of the new chaotic system are demonstrated in terms of Lyapunov exponents, Poincare mapping, fractal dimension and continuous spectrum. Meanwhile, for further enhancing the complexity of the topological structure of the new chaotic attractors, the attractors are changed from two-wing to four-wing through making axis doubly polarized, theoretically analyzed and numerically simulated. The obtained results clearly show that the chaotic system deserves further detailed investigation.

363-367

Authors: O. M. Kunene, D. Allopi

Over the past years road traffic has increased at the Port of Durban. Due to the lack of maintenance, this has resulted in road deterioration. Roads are considered as the most important transport mode at the Port of Durban. It is an important mean for facilitating economic growth of local, regional and national industries. For the Port to maintain global competitiveness with the current trend of globalization, it has to be ensured that the roads are well maintained. The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of road condition within and outside the Port. Verification and assessment of the condition of the existing eight major roads was conducted. Comparisons between the condition of the eight major roads within and outside the Port were highlighted. Conclusions and recommendations were also drawn based on the findings.

373-380

Authors: N. Selini, M. Elmeguenni, M. Benguediab

Polymer materials are gaining more and more importance in engineering applications. A new methodology of analysis is required in order to assess the capability of such material in withstanding complex loads. Therefore, the behavior of these materials currently arouses a great research interest. The use of PVC plastic pipes in pressure vessels and pipelines has increased rapidly in the last decade. In order to determine the plastic behavior of PVC, an experimental method is presented. Through the results obtained from experimental tests, in the first part of this paper, we investigate the use of a phenomenological model proposed by G’Sell and Jonas. The true stress-strain response under large plastic deformation was investigated in different stress triaxiality frameworks. Particular attention was given to volumetric strain evolution, separation resulting from elastic volumetric strain, plastic volumetric strain and pure shear. The effect of stress triaxiality on plastic instability and fracture strain was also examined. The deformation process should be considered as explained, and the anisotropic plastic response induced by the deformation could be introduced in constitutive equations of G’Sell.