ABC Journal of Advanced Research

20-29

Authors: Uğur Atikol, Reza Enayatollahi; Seyed Saeed Madani

The present study is concerned with desalinating the saline water, using the humidification dehumidification method. An open air open water cycle is chosen, whilst forced air circulation is applied. The system utilizes water and air heating technique. The energy required for heating the air is provided by solar radiation, while the required energy for heating the water is provided by electricity. The goals of this study are: a) To study different existing systems in the literature; b) To review the governing equations for each segment of the desalination unit; and c) To conduct and experiment on the above described humidification dehumidification desalination unit under North Cyprus winter conditions. The solar air heater placed to azimuth angle of -20, with a tilt angle of 45 . According to the experiment, the optimum flow rate for water stream is 4 Lt/min, while the air flow rate is 1.5m3/min. Besides, the inlet water temperature to the evaporator is kept at 55◦c. The maximum productivity of 1.55 Lt/day.m2 is achieved for this condition. The present experiment implies that the maximum productivity is achieved with higher temperature of both air and water streams into the evaporator, higher flow rate for water and lower flow rate for air.

36-43

Authors: Nadia Abbas Ali; Ekram Atta AL-Ajaj; F.T. Mohammed Noori

Polyvinyl alcohol/Chitosan blend (PVA/CC(50:50) and (PVA/CC/10wt% SiO2) composite, were prepared by casting method on a glass plate . Poly (vinyl alcohol)-chitosan blend films were prepared with a thickness about 250 micron. The crystalline structure of PVA and fingerprint of semi-crystalline of chitosan was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The tensile results show that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of these hybrid films were greatly improved compared to the neat PVA film which was 10.86 MPa, 82GPa respectively and for the sample containing 10 wt% silica was 20.6 MPa and 227GPa respectively where compared to PVA/CC which was 15.93 MPa and 131GPa respectively. Strong interfacial bonding between the silica and the PVA/CC, and homogenous distribution of the silica particles in PVA/CC are supportive of markedly improved mechanical strength. The solubility measurements showed that the hybrid has an enhanced water resistance, the solubility decreased with the addition of silica. Blending PVA and chitosan improved strength and young modules of the film and increased water uptake because hydrophobicity of two polymers blend films.

49-65

Authors: Md. Rahimullah Miah

Stratagem to promote improvement based on the cultivating, nurturing, harvesting, jamboree, processing, collecting period and diversifying of acclimatized species implicitly target households as principal beneficiaries in haor region of Bangladesh. This paper suggests that the cultivation and domestication of acclimatized species can play important roles for enhancing food security in these co-managed areas. Sunamgonj is a haor based district in Bangladesh where local communities are affected by the unwanted deluge throughout the approximately six months round the year. Most of haor inhabitants are hampered on food insecurity including fundamental needs and networks in this period. For these overcomes, succession of vegetative-floristic compositions including fauna and genetic diversification introduced in these areas not only for upliftment of food security but also shelter bank free from devastating. This study focuses on four Upazillas in Sunamgonj that derive a significant portion of their livelihoods from providing of cultivated species including flora and fauna in the mentioned haor region. The author applied social science methods for relevant data and information collection surrounding these haor areas. About 65% respondents of these regions are opined for seasonal species cultivation and domestication through the co-managed partners both government and development organizations including national and international agencies. The author wants to aware for species selection, domestication, tending, training and development among the enthusiastic farmers on the priority requirements on species gene bank to accomplish a broader concept of food security and to ensure that short-term food benefits lead to longer-term food security. It concludes that both research on the cultivation and domestication of acclimatization and co-management practices that are needed to allow haor inhabitants to continue to live ensuring food security round the year in this region within a sustainable manner of haor resources. Finally, the author infers the future research trajectories of the co-managed approaches and recommendations for how to further sustainable develop the probable domesticated resources alternatively for food security in the aforesaid.