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OBSTRUCTIVE UROLITHIASIS IN OUDA-YANKASA RAM: CASE REPORT
Authors: ALIMI, Olawale Alimi, BELLO, Muhammed Bashir, BARAYA, Yushau Shuaibu, RAJI, Abdullahi Abdullahi, BASHIR, Saidu, BELLO, Abdulrahman, ABDULKADIR, Salman Zubair and SHOYINKA, Sodeinde Vincent Olu
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Obstructive urolithiasis is the retention of urine after the lodgement of calculi in the urinary tract from the kidney up to the urethral orifice. This report describes the post mortem findings and chemical analysis findings of the calculi in an 18-month old Ouda-Yankasa cross ram presented at the Large Animal Clinic of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. The patient was presented on the 20th of March 2013 with reports of anorexia, disinclination to drink water and anuria that developed four days before presentation at the clinic. On clinical examination, urethral blockage and mild ascites were observed. Cystocentesis was performed to relieve the patient and a plain radiograph was taken but were not diagnostic. The patient died before a definitive diagnosis was made for rational treatment. The post mortem findings include frothy exudate in the trachea and bronchial airways, congestion of the lungs, hydroperitoneum with recovered fluid measuring 2,350 ml, splenomegaly, hydronephrosis, distended urinary bladder, severe haemorrhagic cystitis, urinary calculi in the bladder and throughout the urethral length and urethral stricture. The urinary calculi recovered were white, friable and amorphous, ranging from small particles to 5 mm in diameter. The histopathologic section of the kidney showed atrophied glomeruli. It can thus be concluded that the atrophied glomeruli in turn impaired glomerular filtration that invariably pre-disposed the patient to uraemia leading to its death. The chemical analysis of the calculi showed that the calculi were either oxalate, phosphate or silicate, or any of these mixtures.