Torun International Studies

12

Authors: Євгeния Макаренко, Микола Рыжков

In the article conceptual bases of collaboration of Ukraine are examined with Europe, which are based on a policy which determines support of supremacy of right and strengthening of democracy as bases of relations between Ukraine and incorporated Europe. The idea of European belonging of Ukraine means, from one side, the radical turn of historical fate of the state, from other is determination of the Ukrainian way to European community, taking into account that Ukraine is the state which changes, obtains reputation in the international area,take partner relationships with the key countries of the world. Expansion of Europe opens new possibilities and growings prospects of deepening of eurointegration strategy of Ukraine.

13

Authors: Grzegorz Hryciuk

The German authorities strove to establish a consulate in Lviv almost from the beginning of the establishment of the diplomatic relations with Poland. Those intentions were opposed by the apprehensions of Polish side which feared that the establishment of the German consulate in this city would lead to an opening of the good relations between Germans and Ukrainians hostile-minded towards Poland. The German plan returned after the Anschluss of Austria in March 1938. Austria had the honorary consulate in the city which was taken over by the Third Reich in 1939. After some hesitation Polish government gave its assent to establish a German consulate in Lviv in June 1938 which had its jurisdiction over Voivodeships: Lwów, Tarnopol and Stanisławów.

13

Authors: Joanna Modrzyńska

The article in question deals with Economic Partnership Agreements that have been negotiated between European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. There are full and interim EPAs agreements that are fully compatible with WTO rules and give special attention to: – individual ACP country’s geography and structure (especially to vulnerable landlocked and island countries), – the need for ACP countries to take ownership of their development and design their own strategies for achieving growth and prosperity, – the involvement of non-government organizations in EPA negotiations (including civil and business societies), – development level (focusing on the least developed countries – LDCs). The ACP EPA countries group themselves into six regions: four in Africa, one in the Caribbean and one in the Pacific. The article takes a brief look at each of the six regional negotiation groupings and gives an overview of the agreements that have been reached so far.

23

Authors: Agnieszka Szpak

This article presents normative state of the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment taking into account American legal obligations. What is relevant in the article is a debate that took place after the September 11 th attacks on the possibility of legalizing or justifying torture. In the light of the legal state the author analyzes American practice of torture taking the example of Guantanamo Bay detainees.