Torun International Studies

7

Authors: Piotr Siemiątkowski

In the last decades, the international flow of investments considerably grew. They increased dynamically until 2008, when the sudden decline occurred, being caused by the global economic crisis. It had a direct bearing on the structure and the proportions of the internal investment position of many countries. The present paper conducts the analysis of the changes in international investment position rating of European Union member states. With that purpose in mind, the statistical method of linear regression by Hellwig was used.

8

Authors: Krzysztof Garczewski

Migration crisis is currently one of the biggest challenges facing EU states. Te role of this issue in the German socio-political discourse in 2015–2016 is the main focus of the analysis presented in this paper. Among all members of the EU, Germany accepted majority of the migrants as a result of opening the borders in the late summer 2015.

9

Authors: Artur Siemiątkowski

Social influence is not identical in each country or society, since activity of biggest corporations is so diverse. A lot of factors – both on the corporation side, as individual countries regulations – influence it, as well as societies and local communities specification. The aim of this article is to characterize the influence of transnational corporations on local communities safety on the example of Amazon.com corporation. Authors compared instances of two countries, in which this company runs le. Poland and Great Britain. Due to differences in conditions of functioning on these markets (e.g. on the level of economic growth or society), comparison of these two cases can give interesting results. An additional asset is the fact that author was an Amazon employee and he made many absorbing observations about the meaning of working in this corporation for members of local communities. The presence of transnational corporations in local area has a significant impact on local communities safety, because of influence on key needs of local societies members’ in terms of safety. The main thing is employment and salary. Very often huge logistics centres or manufacturing plants become the key employer in the region.

10

Authors: Ewelina Wojciechowska

This analysis is about condition of the civil society in Russia. The article raises issues specifics of the operation of selected non-governmental organizations in the Russian Federation, which under the Act of 20 July 2012 have been recognized in Russia as „foreign agents”. At the beginning the author outlines the specific functioning of the whole of the third sector in Russia, then to show the changes that brought this Act. The author analyzes the legal status of these organizations and presents the political consequences of this law. The general thesis of the article is that Putin’s policies since 2012 led to the inhibition the development of civil society in Russia.

12

Authors: Yevhenii Safarians

The article deals with problem of trade cooperation and Austrian investment activity in Ukraine over the past 25 years. The purpose of the paper was to find the reasons of interest in Ukraine by Austrian government and financial circles. Data for this study was collected from international documents and diplomatic statements of Austria and Ukraine. The study shows that Austrian investment activity in Ukraine has some good perspectives.

14

Authors: Hanna Wiczanowska

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the mutual relationship between the right to strike as well as its frequency and the opposite guaranteed to employers – right to lockout in accordance with labour law regulations of the selected European States. Subsidiary, the author will also focus on the provisions within the Council of Europe (especially the regulations of the revised version of the European Social Charter and the judicial practice of the European Committee of Social Rights) as well as the provisions enacted by European Union institutions. One of the main thesis of the article hereto is the presumption that the lack of the common standard among the States of the Council of Europe causes significant differences regarding the acceptable scope of the right to strike and lockout. Such differences may adversely impact the domestic and international economy and trade relationships as well as are of particular significance in the light of postulate of economic, social and cultural rights protection. The conducted analysis will present the Constitutional guarantees as well as concrete labour law provisions, regarding not only recognition of the rights to strike or lockout, but also the bargaining system as well as practical dimension of the labour rights, such as for instance days not worked and the number of workers involved in industrial action. To genuinely present the aforesaid data, the author will rely mainly on the database of International Labour Organzation (ILO) and European Trade Union Institute (ETUI), selected conclusions of the European Committee of Social Rights and the statement of the chosen representatives of European labour law doctrine. The principal purpose of the article is therefore to attempt to establish an optimal model of future European standard providing an accurate base between rights of workers and interests of employers with the benefit for economy.